鼠心肌成纤维细胞NOS活性的变化和AVP对NO合成的影响

目的　探讨在基础状态和精氨酸升压素 (AVP)干预下 ,心肌成纤维细胞 (CFs)一氧化氮合酶 -一氧化氮 (NOS-NO)系统活性的变化 .方法　胰酶消化法分离、培养新生 SD大鼠 CFs,采用硝酸还原酶法和分光光度法分别测定基础状态和 AVP干预下 CFs的 NOS活性和 NO含量 .结果　 1基础状态下 CFs的 36 h组 NO含量 (4 2± 5 ) μm ol· L- 1 和 NOS活性 (6 17± 83)μkat· L- 1 ,显著高于 6 h组 (14± 3)μmol·L- 1 ,(16 7± 6 7)μkat· L- 1 . 2 AVP干预下 36 h组 NO含量(6 2± 1) μm ol· L- 1和 NOS活性 (115 0± 10 0 ) μkat· L- 1也显著高于 6 h组 (34± 4) μmol· L- 1 ,(6 0 0± 33) μkat· L- 1 ,且AVP干预组的 NO含量和 NOS活性均高于同时间点基础状态组(P<0 .0 5 ) . 3CFs的 NO含量和 NOS活性随 AVP浓度的增高而增加 ,其中 10 - 6mol· L- 1 AVP组 (6 3± 6 ) μmol· L- 1 ,(110 0± 5 0 )μkat· L- 1 和 10 - 7mol· L- 1 AVP组 (6 9± 6 )μmol· L- 1 ,(12 0 0± 5 0 )μkat· L- 1 都显著高于对照组 (2 9± 5 )μmol· L- 1 ,(4 5 0± 83) μkat· L- 1 ,10 - 9mol· L- 1 AVP组(32± 2 )μmol· L- 1 ,(5 0 0± 133)μkat· L- 1 和 10 - 8mol·L- 1 AVP组 (37± 2 ) μmol· L- 1 ,(6 0 0     

电针对应激大鼠胃粘膜血流及血浆ET，NO，CGRP的影响

目的　观察电针对应激大鼠胃粘膜血流量与血浆内皮素 (ET)、一氧化氮 (NO)、降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)的影响及其相互关系 .方法　将 32只 SD大鼠平均分为空白对照组、应激组、电针后应激组和应激后电针组 ,每组 8只 .利用激光多普勒血流仪测定胃粘膜血流量 ,用放免分析法和生化法测定各组大鼠血浆 ET,CGRP和 NO水平的变化并计算各组溃疡指数 (UI) .结果　应激组较对照组比较胃粘膜血流量相对数值下降 (6 9.0± 10 .6 ) m V→ (5 1.5± 5 .1) m V,P<0 .0 1. UI增加 (1.1± 0 .4)→ (2 8.0± 4.1) ,P<0 .0 1.血浆 NO水平下降 ,(2 2 .7± 3.8) μmol· L- 1 → (18.8± 5 .2 ) μmol·L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 . ET水平上升 (140± 17) ng· L- 1 → (177± 2 3)ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 .在电针后应激组和应激后电针组 ,与应激组比较 ,胃粘膜血流量上升 (5 1.5± 5 .1) m V→ (6 6 .5± 7.4) m V,(6 4.9± 5 .8) m V,P<0 .0 1,UI减少 ;(2 8.0± 4.1)→ (19.0± 2 .3) ,(19.4± 2 .8) ,P<0 .0 1.血浆 NO水平上升 ,(18.8± 5 .2 )μmol· L- 1 → (2 3.3± 4.1)μmol· L- 1 ,(2 2 .9± 4.1) μmol· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 ;CGRP水平上升 ,(145± 6 ) ng· L- 1→ (184± 2 2 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 ;ET水平下降 ,(177±2 3) ng     

新生儿窒息脐血一氧化氮和血糖水平与其预后关系

目的　探讨新生儿窒息脐血一氧化氮 (NO)及血糖的变化。方法　对 30例窒息新生儿脐血NO和血糖水平进行检测 ,并与 32例正常新生儿比较。结果　窒息组的脐血NO-2 (43.74± 13.2 0 μmol·L-1)、血糖 (5 .6 3± 1.2 0mmol·L-1)明显高于对照组脐血NO-2 (2 7.2 8± 9.5 2 μmol·L-1)和血糖 (3.6 5± 0 .79mmol·L-1) (P <0 .0 1) ;重度窒息组脐血NO-2 (6 0 .17± 9.93μmol·L-1)和血糖 (7.2 5± 0 .5 4mmol·L-1)显著高于轻度窒息组 (36 .72± 6 .33μmol·L-1和 4.93± 0 .5 3mmol·L-1) (P <0 .0 1) ;NO和血糖水平呈显著正相关 ,而且脐血NO水平与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病密切相关。结论　新生儿窒息脐血NO和血糖水平的测定具有重要临床意义     

电针在应激大鼠胃粘膜保护作用中对氧自由基和前列腺素的影响

目的　观察电针对应激大鼠血浆超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、丙二醛 (MDA)和前列腺素 E2 (PGE2 )的影响 ,以探讨电针对胃粘膜保护作用的机制 .方法　将 72只大鼠平均分为空白对照组 ,应激组和电针组 ,每组再按实验时间 1,3和 5d平均分为 3小组 (每小组 8只 ) .利用生化法和放免分析法测定各组大鼠血浆 SOD,MDA和 PGE2 含量并计算各组溃疡指数 (UI) .结果　应激组较空白对照组大鼠血浆 SOD明显下降 (17.0± 2 .9)μmol· L- 1 → (11.9± 3.4)μmol· L- 1 ,MDA明显上升 (4 .85± 2 .38) μmol· L- 1→ (7.5 6± 2 .48)μmol· L- 1 ,PGE2 明显下降 (2 .74± 0 .77) ng· L- 1 → (1.5 4± 0 .2 5 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 .UI明显上升 (1.1± 0 .4)→ (2 8.0± 4.1) ,P<0 .0 1.电针组较应激组血浆 SOD明显上升 (11.9± 3.4) μmol· L- 1→ (17.7± 4.8) μm ol· L- 1 ,MDA明显下降 (7.5 6± 2 .48) μmol· L- 1→ (4 .14± 1.78) μm ol· L- 1 ;PGE2 明显上升 (1.5 4± 0 .2 5 ) ng· L- 1 → (3.2 1± 0 .38) ng·L- 1 ;UI明显下降 (2 8.0± 4.1)→ (19.0± 2 .3) ,P<0 .0 1.电针组 PGE2 实验 5 d组较实验 1d组明显上升 (3.2 1± 0 .38) ng· L- 1 → (4 .5 2± 1.0 6 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 .结论　电针对     

龙胆苦甙抗鼠肝损伤的作用

目的　研究中药秦艽 ( Gentiana macrophylla,Pall)提取物龙胆苦甙 ( gentiopicroside,GPS)对化学性及免疫性肝损伤的保护作用 .方法　采用 CCl4,TAA ( thioethanolamine) ,D-Gal急性肝损伤、CCl4慢性肝损伤及豚鼠同种免疫性肝损伤模型 .各模型设正常对照组、药物模型组、阳性对照组和 2或 3个给药组 .每组按下列要求分别造模 :用CCl4小鼠为 1 0 m L·L- 1的豆油液 ,2 0 m L·kg- 1 ,大鼠为 4 0 0m L· L- 1 的豆油液 ,3 m L· kg- 1 ;用 TAA小鼠为 50 mg·kg- 1 ;用 D-Gal大鼠为 1 60 m L· L- 1 水溶液 ,5m L· kg- 1 ;各组均采用 ip.以 GPS小鼠 1 50 ,75,3 7.5mg· kg- 1 ,大鼠1 2 0 ,60 ,3 0 mg·kg- 1 ,豚鼠 1 2 0 ,4 8mg· kg- 1 ,肌肉给药治疗 ,测定其血清中 ALT,AST变化 ,以及肝脏形态学改变 ,评价 GPS对各种肝损伤的治疗效果并初步探讨其作用机制 .结果　GPS可明显降低多种急性肝损伤和慢性肝损伤动物的血清转氨酶 .使肝组织的片状坏死、肿胀及脂肪变性 ,有不同程度的减轻 ,且可促进肝脏的蛋白质合成 .结论　 GPS对多种肝损伤有一定的保护作用     

葛根素对大鼠腹主动脉的舒张作用及其机制

目的 :研究葛根素 (Puerarin ,Pue)对大鼠腹主动脉离体血管的舒张作用特点并探讨其机制 .方法 :雌性SD大鼠1 6只 ,常规方法制备离体血管环标本 ,随机分为Pue浓度依赖组、Pue时间依赖组、内皮依赖组、L NAME组、优降糖组、L NAME与优降糖共同作用组、阿托品组、普耐络尔组、消炎痛组 .用离体血管灌流法灌流大鼠腹主动脉环 ,血管环基础张力定为 9.8× 1 0 -3 N(1g) ,各组分别加入不同酶抑制剂或通道阻滞剂 ,孵育后加入 1 0 -2 mol·L-1 Pue ,测定血管环张力变化 .结果 :Pue在 1 0 -8～ 1 0 -2 mol·L-1 范围内对腹主动脉具有剂量依赖性的舒血管效应 ,以单浓度 (5× 1 0 -3 mol·L-1 ,EC50 浓度 )Pue作用于大鼠腹主动脉后 ,1 8min达到最大舒张效应 (4 8.0± 6 .5 ) % ;Pue的舒张血管效应在血管去内皮后可降低 (6 8.0± 6 .5 ) % ;在L NAME实验组和优降糖实验组中分别降低(5 8.0± 3.8) %和 (4 8.0± 5 .4 ) % ,与对照组相比两组均存在显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;在L NAME与优降糖共同作用组以及阿托品组 ,普耐络尔组 ,消炎痛组中 ,血管舒张的受抑制程度与对照组差别无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) .结论 :Pue具有内皮依赖性的舒血管效应 ,该作用与NO系统和ATP 敏感的钾通道有关 .     

中药胰必清对急性坏死性胰腺炎兔微循环障碍的治疗作用

目的 :探讨中药胰必清对急性坏死性胰腺炎 (ANP)兔微循环障碍的治疗作用。方法 :逆行胰管注射 5 %的牛磺胆酸钠制作急性坏死性胰腺炎模型。 30只日本大耳兔随机分为假手术组 (A组 ,15只 )、ANP组 (B组 ,15只 )、ANP加中药治疗组 (C组 ,15只 )。观察各组血清酶学、血液流变学的改变 ,以及胰腺、回肠组织超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、黄嘌呤氧化酶 (XO)和丙二醛 (MDA)的含量 ,胰腺、肠粘膜的病理学形态改变。结果 :术后第 3d和第 7d ,C组血清淀粉酶水平明显低于B组 ;B组全血低切粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、红细胞聚集指数分别为 8.17±0 .5 6 ,2 .6 1± 1.5 4 ,5 3.38± 13.2 0 ,2 .6 8± 1.32 ,而C组分别为 6 .5 7± 1.33,1.30± 0 .35 ,4 0 .0 1± 7.12 ,2 .2 0± 0 .5 0 ,与B组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;C组胰匀浆和肠匀浆SOD的含量分别为 (2 80 .38± 2 8.5 0 )ng·L- 1 和 (2 94 .4 1± 9.6 5 )ng·L- 1 ,明显高于B组 (174 .5 7± 14 .4 0 )ng·L- 1 和 (112 .76± 11.2 4 )ng·L- 1 (P <0 .0 1) ,而C组胰匀浆和肠匀浆MDA的含量分别为 (8.5 2± 0 .80 ) μmol·L- 1 和 (6 .90± 0 .2 5 ) μmol·L- 1 ,明显低于B组 (11.38± 1.73) μmol·L- 1 和 (9.2 6± 0 .2 5 )μmol·L- 1 (P <0 .0 1) ,C组?     

实验性应力骨折模型兔的生化指标变化

目的　探讨兔应力性骨折发生过程中 ,某些生化指标的变化与应力性骨折发生机制的关系 .方法　选纯种新西兰雄性大白兔 14只 ,体质量 2 .2～ 2 .6 kg,随机分为实验组 (8只 ) ,对照组 (6只 ) .实验组用电刺激器使兔产生跑跳运动 ,每天 30 0次 ,1wk训练 6 d,共 35 d.之后观察各指标血乳酸、磷脂酶 A2、磷酯酰胆碱、磷酯酰丝氨酸等 .结果　以下指标实验组显著高于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) :1血清脂质过氧化产物(MDA)实验组与对照组分别为 (0 .9± 0 .2 )和 (0 .6± 0 .1)mmol· L- 1 ;2腓肠肌匀浆磷脂酶 A2 活性 (3.9± 0 .6 )和(2 .6± 1.0 )μkat;3腓肠肌细胞膜磷脂酰丝氨酸 (PS) (139±5 8)和 (142± 1) mg· g- 1 ;4血清 Zn含量 (17.6± 4.9)和(11.9± 2 .4)μmol· L- 1 ;5肌肉组织 Ca2 + 和 Zn含量实验组分别为 (30 .9± 4.7) ,(2 4.9± 3.8)μmol· L- 1 ,对照组分别为(2 5 .2± 2 .2 )和 (2 0 .3± 1.8) μmol· L- 1 ;6腓肠肌线粒体膜Na+ ,K+ - ATP酶活性和线粒体内 Ca2 + 实验组分别为 (1.11±0 .47) μkat· g- 1 ,(3.6± 0 .5 ) μmol· g- 1 ,对照组分别为(0 .6 1± 0 .2 2 ) μkat· g- 1和 (2 .5± 0 .7) μmol· g- 1 .结论　本结果支持应力性骨折的发生是由于肌肉疲劳和 (或 )受损时 ,缓冲运动     

正常月经周期中血清瘦素与雌激素的关系

目的 :探索健康妇女正常月经周期中血清瘦素与雌激素的关系 .方法 :①对 18例月经规则妇女 (2 8± 1)d ,用放射免疫法分别在其月经第 1,7,14和 2 1d测定血清瘦素及性激素 (FSH ,E2 ,PRO ,T) .②对 19例不孕妇女 ,在受精前用FSH 2 2 5IU·d-1治疗后第 3d、第 5d用放免法测定其血清瘦素及雌激素浓度 .结果 :①血清瘦素在月经周期中的生理性变化 ,月经第 1d ,血清瘦素为 (5 .4 9± 1.0 8) μg·L-1,随着卵泡的发育成熟 ,瘦素水平逐渐升高 ,14d达高峰 (9.2 8± 1.87) μg·L-1,其差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) .②用FSH治疗 3,5d ,血清雌激素浓度和瘦素水平 [(89.0 8± 18.0 7)ng·L-1,(10 .99± 1.94 ) μg·L-13rdday],[(12 6 .2 6± 19.79)ng·L-1,(14 .78± 2 .0 0 ) μg·L-15thday]均较治疗前 [(5 8.5 9± 6 .4 0 )ng·L-1,(5 .4 6± 1.16 ) μg·L-1]明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) .结论 :月经周期中血清瘦素和雌激素的变化一致 ,雌激素参与瘦素分泌的调节或瘦素的分泌调节与雌激素有关     

高效液相色谱法快速直接测定血清苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸

目的 :建立快速、直接、同时测定血清苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸的方法。方法 :血清标本加高氯酸去蛋白后取上清 ,采用固定流量洗脱高效液相色谱紫外检测法测定。结果 :苯丙氨酸的线性范围为 6～ 1 51 2 μmol·L- 1 ,最低检测浓度为 0 75μmol·L- 1 ;平均回收率为 98 6 % ,批内CV为 3 68% ,批间CV为 4 0 1 %。酪氨酸的线性范围为 5 4～ 1 380μmol·L- 1 ,最低检测浓度为 0 7μmol·L- 1 ,平均回收率 98 9% ,批内CV为 1 87% ,批间CV为 2 59%。健康儿童血清苯丙氨酸浓度为 (61 4± 1 0 8) μmol·L- 1 ,血清酪氨酸浓度为 (1 31 8± 2 8 0 ) μmol·L- 1 。健康成人血清苯丙氨酸浓度为(69 3± 8 6) μmol·L- 1 ,血清酪氨酸浓度为 (83 6± 9 4) μmol·L- 1 。 4例苯丙酮尿症患儿的血清苯丙氨酸浓度为 1 2 96～1 759μmol·L- 1 ,血清酪氨酸为 2 9 5～ 53 5μmol·L- 1 。结论 :本方法灵敏度高 ,特异性好 ,方法简便快速 ,适合临床使用     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.