盐酸洛美沙星滴眼液治疗眼部细菌性炎症疾病的临床观察

为观察国产盐酸洛美沙星滴眼液治疗眼部细菌感染性疾病的临床疗效、适应证及不良反应。我们前瞻性评估研究方法,按随机分配原则将所研究的１５０例分为试验组（１００例）及对照组（５０例）,分别投以盐酸洛美沙星滴眼液和盐酸环丙沙星滴眼液,在统一上观察其临床效应。结果显示洛美沙星滴眼液对眼部细菌性炎症（包括细菌性结膜炎、细胞 角膜炎、慢性泪囊炎、麦粒肿、睑缘炎）的临床治愈率、总有效率、细菌清除率均有环丙沙星滴眼     

盐酸洛美沙星滴眼液治疗外眼感染性疾病的临床观察

目的观察盐酸洛美沙星滴眼液治疗外眼细菌性感染性疾病的临床疗效、适应症及不良反应。方法应用前瞻性评估研究方法，按随机原则将研究病例60例分试验组（40例）及对照组（20例），分别投以洛美沙星滴眼液及环丙沙星滴眼液，在统一标准下观察其临床效应。结果洛美沙星滴眼液对眼部细菌性炎症的临床治愈率、总有效率、细菌清除率均与环丙沙星滴眼液无显著性差异（x2检验，P＞0．05），且未发现明显毒副作用。结论洛美沙星滴眼液对细菌性结膜炎、细菌性角膜炎、慢性泪囊炎、麦粒肿、睑缘炎等感染性眼病具有良好的临床效应。     

盐酸洛美沙星滴肯液治疗外眼感染性疾病的临床观察

目的 观察盐酸洛美沙星滴眼液治疗外眼细菌性感染性疾病的临床疗效、适应症及不衣反应。方法 应用前瞻性评估研究方法，按随机原则将研究病例６０例分试验组及对照组（２０例），分别投以洛美沙星滴眼及环内沙星滴眼液，在统一标准下观察其临床效应。结果 洛美潲星滴眼液对眼部细菌性炎症的临床治愈率，总有效率、细菌清除率均与环丙沙昨 液无显著性差异，且未发现明显毒副作用，结论 洛美水利生滴眼液对细菌性结膜炎、细菌性角     

盐酸左氧氟沙星滴眼液治疗细菌性结膜炎及角膜炎随机双盲对照临床研究

目的　比较北京医工生物技术研究所研制的 15mg/5mL盐酸左氧氟沙星滴眼液和海伦滴眼液治疗细菌性结膜炎、角膜炎的疗效和安全性。方法　用随机、双盲、平行研究。共选择 60例患者分为试验组和对照组各 3 0例。疗程 3～ 14d ,主要疗效参数为治疗第 7、14d的临床疗效。结果　用药 7d细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎试验组总有效率为 72 %( 18/2 5 ) ;对照组总有效率为 84 62 % ( 2 2 /2 6)。用药 14d细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎试验组总有效率为 10 0 % ( 2 5 /2 5 ) ;对照组总有效率为 96 15 % ( 2 5 /2 6) ,两组间细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎总有效率无统计学差异。试验组和对照组对细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎的疗效相当。细菌性结膜炎和角膜炎试验组细菌清除率为 10 0 % ;对照组总清除率 98 0 4% ,两组间清除率比较无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。试验组与对照组均有良好的耐受性 ,无明显不良反应发生。结论　盐酸左氧氟沙星滴眼液治疗细菌性结膜炎和细菌性角膜炎有效且安全。     

左氧氟沙星滴眼液治疗重症细菌性角膜炎和结膜炎的临床观察

目的：观察5g/L左氧氟沙星滴眼液对重症细菌性角膜炎和重症细菌性结膜炎的治疗效果。方法：收集门诊的重症细菌性角膜炎和重症细菌性结膜炎患者,使用5g/L左氧氟沙星滴眼液频繁滴眼,严重病例联合治疗。记录治疗前后的视力、眼部表现、溃疡深度、组织坏死和前房积脓情况,同时进行病原学检查。结果：重症细菌性角膜炎患者15例18眼,治疗前的平均视力为0.1±0.13。治疗前的细菌培养阳性率为83%（12例15眼）,主要为细菌奴卡杆菌、洛菲不动杆菌、伯克霍尔德菌、龟分枝杆菌、链球菌和葡萄球菌,其中杆菌占73%（11/15）。治疗第3d起患者的症状和体征均明显好转（P〈0.01）。治疗后细菌清除率为93%,治疗总有效率为94%,平均治疗时间为21±4.82d,治疗后平均视力为0.5±0.26。重症细菌性结膜炎患者为21例32眼,治疗前的平均视力为0.6±0.31。治疗前的细菌培养阳性率为69%（15例22眼）,主要为葡萄球菌、α-溶血性链球菌和假单胞杆菌,其中葡萄球菌占68%（15/22）。治疗第2d起患者的症状和体征均明显好转（P〈0.01）。治疗后细菌清除率为91%,治疗总有效率97%,平均治疗时间为15±3.23d,治疗后平均视力为0.7±0.29。两组治疗时间与菌属有相关性（P〈0.05）。结论：重症细菌性角膜炎感染以杆菌为主,其次为葡萄球菌、链球菌,平均治疗时间为3wk。重症细菌性结膜炎感染以葡萄球菌为主,其次是链球菌、假单胞杆菌,病程平均治疗时间为2wk。两组治疗后视力均有提高,未发现视力降低病例。5g/L左氧氟沙星滴眼液可有效治疗重症细菌性角膜炎和结膜炎,严重病例根据病情适当联合用药,未见毒副作用。     

眼科用药园地

[通用名称]:盐酸左氧氟沙星眼用凝胶 [商品名称]:杰奇 [成份]:本品主要成份为盐酸左氧氟沙星. [性状]:本品为淡黄色或淡黄绿色透明的凝胶. [适应症]:本品适用于细菌性结膜炎、角膜炎、角膜溃疡、泪囊炎、术后感染等眼感染. [规格]:5g:0.015g     

深层型单疱病毒性角膜炎药物治疗临床研究

目的:探讨深层型单疱病毒性角膜炎药物治疗的有效方法。方法:40例50眼,患者随机分为两组,治疗组应用1g/L无环鸟苷和贝复舒眼用凝胶,对照组仅给予1g/L无环鸟苷,6次/d滴眼。结果:治疗组25眼,有效率96%,平均治疗10d,对照组25眼,有效率73%,平均治疗30d;两组有效率与治疗时间比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:贝复舒眼用凝胶联合无环鸟苷治疗单疱病毒性角膜炎具有明显的协同作用,可大大缩短病程,提高治愈率。     

那他霉素联合重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子眼用凝胶治疗真菌性角膜溃疡的疗效

目的:探讨那他霉素、重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子眼用凝胶点眼联合碘酊烧灼治疗真菌性角膜溃疡的疗效。方法:将160例真菌性角膜溃疡的患者随机分为治疗1组(60例)、治疗2组(67例)和对照组(33例)。三组病例均先行局部清创碘酊烧灼术,治疗1组采用50g/L那他霉素滴眼液点眼,治疗2组采用50g/L那他霉素滴眼液及重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子眼用凝胶点眼,对照组使用2g/L氟康唑滴眼液点眼,比较三组病例的治愈率和疗程。结果:三组治愈率分别为71.7%,76.1%,51.5%,有效率分别为90.0%,91.0%,78.8%。治疗1,2组分别与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组中治愈病例的平均治愈时间分别为20±15,16±12,30±13d,治疗组与对照组比较均有显著统计学意义。结论:抗真菌药物50g/L那他霉素滴眼液及细胞生长因子重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子眼用凝胶与传统的碘酊烧灼法联合治疗真菌性角膜溃疡,尤其是早期患者,具有重要意义。     

新生儿结膜炎诊断及治疗措施探讨

目的:探讨新生儿结膜炎的诊断及治疗措施。方法:将我院2008-01/2010-01收治的新生儿结膜炎患者100例179眼按入院时间顺序随机分为观察组与对照组,每组50例,观察组给予氧氟沙星滴眼液,对照组给予青霉素滴眼液,观察比较两组患儿的疗效、眼分泌物消失时间、结膜充血消失时间、角膜透明时间。结果:治疗后,观察组患儿中有效率为98.0%,显著高于对照组患儿的88.0%(χ2=3.84,P<0.05);观察组患儿的眼分泌物消失时间、结膜充血消失时间、角膜透明时间均明显短于对照组患儿(P<0.01)。结论:氧氟沙星滴眼液治疗新生儿结膜炎疗效极佳,可有效提高治愈率,并缩短患儿的眼分泌物、结膜充血消失时间及角膜透明时间。     

人工泪液联合贝复舒眼用凝胶治疗眼睑刷上皮病的疗效

目的:观察人工泪液联合贝复舒眼用凝胶治疗眼睑刷上皮病的疗效。方法:观察86例172眼眼睑刷上皮病患者,分为治疗组43例和对照组43例。治疗组予以不含防腐剂的3g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液和重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子眼用凝胶(贝复舒眼用凝胶),对照组仅予以3g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液点眼,3wk后复查。分别于治疗前后进行干眼评估问卷调查评分;荧光素和丽丝胺绿双染色,观察眼睑刷区的病变情况,据病变程度评分。比较两组治疗前后的差异。结果:治疗组治愈74眼(86%),好转12眼(14%),治愈率86%;而对照组治愈51眼(59%),好转34眼(40%),无效1眼(1%),治愈率59%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:人工泪液联合重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子眼用凝胶治疗眼睑刷上皮病疗效显著。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.