地参祛风合剂抗过敏反应的实验研究

目的:观察地参祛风合剂抗过敏反应的药理作用。方法:采用小鼠耳异种被动皮肤过敏(PCA)试验、大鼠组胺诱发的大鼠足跖肿造型试验、大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒试验观察其抗过敏反应的作用。结果:地参祛风合剂大小剂量对小鼠耳异种被动性皮肤过敏有明显的抑制作用,且作用与异丙肾上腺素相似。中药大剂量能抑制由组胺诱发的大鼠足跖肿,但作用比异丙嗪弱。中药大、小剂量,异丙肾上腺素均能抑制由抗原攻击所致的肥大细胞脱颗粒,但作用弱于异丙肾上腺素;中药大、小剂量组之间无明显差异,(P>0.05)。结论:地参祛风合剂可抑制抗原与特异性IgE的结合,具有抗组胺及抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒作用,具有抗过敏作用。     

仙蓟化斑胶囊对肥大细胞脱颗粒及组胺释放影响的研究

[目的]研究仙蓟化斑胶囊抗变态反应的作用机制,为后期实验及其临床治疗过敏性紫癜提供依据。[方法]制备致敏的大鼠及抗卵蛋白血清,给予不同浓度药物,采用大鼠被动皮肤过敏反应(PCA)实验,测定大鼠皮肤蓝斑直径,同时采用大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒实验、大鼠肥大细胞释放组胺实验,测定脱颗粒百分率和组胺释放水平。[结果]仙蓟化斑胶囊可使蓝斑直径变小、可降低肥大细胞脱颗粒百分率、降低其组胺释放,并呈明显的剂量依赖关系。[结论]仙蓟化斑胶囊有抗变态反应的作用,明显抑制PCA、肥大细胞脱颗粒及组胺的释放。     

鼻炎口服液抗过敏作用的实验研究

目的:研究鼻炎口服液的抗过敏作用。方法:采用抗血清致大鼠同种被动皮肤过敏、大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒、卵蛋白(OA)引起豚鼠鼻黏膜过敏反应、磷酸组胺致豚鼠过敏反应与2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)诱发的DTH小鼠迟发性超敏反应模型,观察鼻炎口服液的抗过敏作用。结果:与空白对照组比较,鼻炎口服液能显著抑制大鼠同种被动皮肤过敏和豚鼠鼻黏膜过敏反应,阻止大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒、提高豚鼠对磷酸组胺的致敏阈并缩短过敏反应的持续时间,抵制DTH小鼠迟发性超敏反应。结论:鼻炎口服液具有一定的抗过敏作用。     

泻肺平喘灵抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒的实验研究

目的:观察研究泻肺平喘灵对大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒反应的抑制作用。方法:50只大鼠随机分为5组,分别接受泻肺平喘灵不同剂量和异丙肾上腺素及生理盐水,然后接受天花粉蛋白处理,最后观察大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒反应情况。结果:泻肺平喘灵高中剂量组能够抑制大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒反应(P<0.001P<0.01),而低剂量组则无此作用(P>0.05)。结论:抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒反应是泻肺平喘灵治疗小儿哮喘的主要作用机理之一。     

祛风合剂对Ⅰ型变态反应影响的实验研究

为研究祛风剂抗Ⅰ型变态反应的药理作用。进行小鼠耳异种被动皮肤过敏试验（PCA）,大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒试验。大鼠组胺诱发的足跖肿造型试验,观察祛风合剂大,小,剂量和西药（异丙肾上腺素,异丙嗪）对其影响。结果：大,小剂量祛风合剂均对小鼠耳异种被动性皮肤过敏有明显的抑制作用。且其作用与异丙肾上腺素相似;大,小剂量祛风合剂,异丙肾上腺素都能抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒,但祛风合剂作用弱于异丙肾上腺素,且大,小剂量组之间无明显差异,P＞0．05;光镜下肥大细胞形态学呈现类似变化;祛风合剂能抑制由组胺诱发的足跖肿,但作用比异丙嗪弱,在30min和240min时,小剂量组优于大剂量组,P＜0．05,提示祛风合剂可抑制抗原与特异性IgE结合,抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒及抗组胺,从而起到抗Ⅰ型变态反应作用。     

紫癜灵对大鼠颅骨肥大细胞脱颗粒影响的实验研究

肥大细胞广泛分布于整个机体,当肥大细胞受到刺激时,颗粒移至表面,分解并释放出多种活性介质.实验证明,紫癜灵各剂量组对肥大细胞脱颗粒率均有不同程度的抑制作用,对大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞具有一定的稳定作用,从而达到抑制过敏介质释放的作用.     

泻肺平喘灵颗粒抗过敏及解痉平喘作用的实验研究

目的:观察泻肺平喘灵颗粒对大鼠、豚鼠抗过敏及解痘平喘的作用,从而探讨该药治疗小儿热性哮喘的作用机理.方法:①天花粉蛋白抗血清致敏大鼠,以异丙肾上腺素作对照,观察泻肺平喘灵颗粒不同剂量对大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒反应的影响;②组织胺致豚鼠支气管、回肠、气管痉挛,以氨荼碱、苯海拉明作对照,观察泻肺平喘灵颗粒各刺量对豚鼠支气管痉挛、离体回肠收缩、离体气管收缩的影响.结果:泻肺平喘灵颗粒高、中剂量均能显著抑制天花粉引起的大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒反应(P＜0.001～0.01);明显抑制组织胺引起的豚鼠支气管平滑肌收缩(P＜0.001～0.05)、离体回肠收缩((P＜0.05)及离体气管收缩(P＜0.01～0.05).结论:泻肺平喘灵颗粒可抑制过敏原诱发肥大细胞过敏介质的释放,还可阻抑过敏介质引起的空肠回缩及气管痉挛,提示该药可从哮喘的两个病理环节加以阻断.     

银黄颗粒抗炎、抗变态反应实验研究

目的　观察银黄颗粒抗炎、抗变态反应作用。方法　通过银黄颗粒对二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀及大鼠足跖的影响验证其抗炎作用 ;通过银黄颗粒对豚鼠过敏性休克的影响及大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒的影响验证其抗变态反应。结果　银黄颗粒对二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀及蛋清性大鼠足跖肿胀均具明显抑制作用 ;对豚鼠过敏性休克能显著地延长惊厥倒下时间 ,显著地降低死亡动物数 ;亦能明显抑制大鼠颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒。结论　银黄颗粒具有消炎、抗变态反应     

大鼠皮肤类过敏试验的组织学机制

目的探索大鼠皮肤类过敏试验的组织学机制。方法大鼠背部脊柱两侧分别皮内注射C48/80、吐温-80、碘海醇注射液、紫杉醇注射液、注射用血塞通(冻干)、喜炎平注射液后,立即尾静脉注射0.5%伊文思蓝溶液,15 min后麻醉处死,剪取背部皮肤,测量蓝斑直径,取蓝斑皮肤观察肥大细胞形态,计算脱颗粒率。再采用Pearson检验进行相关性分析。结果皮内注射C48/80、吐温-80、碘海醇注射液、紫杉醇注射液、注射用血塞通(冻干)后,蓝斑直径、肥大细胞脱颗粒率与药物质量浓度(体积分数)均呈正相关,两者之间亦然,但肥大细胞数均无明显变化[除0.8、1.6 mg/mL注射用血塞通(冻干)外];皮内注射喜炎平注射液后,蓝斑直径、肥大细胞数、脱颗粒率均无明显变化(除质量浓度5 mg/mL时蓝斑直径外)。结论大鼠皮肤类过敏试验组织学机制是类过敏阳性物质致皮肤肥大细胞脱颗粒,其脱颗粒率与阳性物质浓度、皮肤蓝斑直径呈高度正相关,可作为药物类过敏性及其反应强度评判的一项补充指标。     

凉血清营颗粒对Ⅰ型变态反应的影响

目的:研究凉血清营颗粒对Ⅰ型变态反应的影响.方法:用天花粉蛋白所致小鼠速发型超敏反应及大鼠同种异体被动超敏反应(PCA)观察对Ⅰ型变态反应的影响;用化合物48/80所致小鼠过敏性休克死亡及大鼠颅骨肥大细胞模型观察对肥大细胞脱颗粒的影响;用组织胺所致小鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性亢进试验观察对组织胺的直接对抗作用.结果:凉血清营颗粒能一定程度拮抗天花粉蛋白所致小鼠过敏性休克及大鼠PCA,并能明显抑制化合物48/80及天花粉蛋白所致腹腔或骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒,还能明显对抗组织胺所致毛细血管通透性亢进.结论:凉血清营颗粒具有显著的抗Ⅰ型变态反应作用,此作用可能是其能抑制IgE生成、肥大细胞脱颗粒及直接拮抗组织胺作用的综合效果.     

Mast cell stabilization and antihistaminic potentials of Curculigo orchioides rhizomes

Aim of the study

To investigate the mast cell stabilization and antihistaminic activities of the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides (COR). Extract of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. (Fam. Amaryllidaceae) has been reported to possess immunostimulant, and anti-inflammatory potentials. In Indian traditional system of medicine it is also used as anti-asthmatic and anti-inflammatory.

Materials and methods

Estimation of histamine release is key parameter for evaluating any target for its anti-allergic potential. The stabilization potential of the alcoholic extract of COR (100–400 mg/kg) against mast cell degranulation was studied on isolated mice peritoneal mast cells. The antihistaminic activity was performed by determining the mortality rate of mice upon exposure to compound 48/80 and effect on inhibition of histamine release upon degranulation.

Results

The raised number of intact mast cells intimates that the COR stabilized the mast cell degranulation (60.96 ± 1.96%) and percentage antihistaminic potential of the extract (63.58 ± 1.8 inhibition at dose of 400 mg/kg) and it virtues further work towards the isolation of phytoconstituents from this plant.

Conclusion

This finding provides evidence that COR inhibits mast cell-derived immediate-type allergic reactions and mast cell degranulation.     

Neohesperidin suppresses IgE‐mediated anaphylactic reactions and mast cell activation via Lyn‐PLC‐Ca2+ pathway

Mast cells play an essential role in IgE‐FcεR1‐mediated allergic diseases. Citrus aurantium is a prolific source of flavonoids with various biological activities, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti‐tumor efficacies. Neohesperidin is a novel flavonoid isolated from the leaves of C. aurantium. In this study, the anti‐allergic and anti‐inflammatory potentials of neohesperidin were investigated along with its molecular mechanism. The anti‐anaphylactic activity of neohesperidin was evaluated through hind paw extravasation study in mice. Calcium imaging was used to assess intracellular Ca²⁺ mobilization. The levels of cytokines and chemokines were measured using enzyme immunoassay kits. Western blotting was used to explore the related molecular signaling pathways. Neohesperidin suppressed IgE‐induced mast cell activations, including degranulation and secretion of cytokines and eicosanoids through inhibiting phosphorylation of Lyn kinase. Neohesperidin inhibited the release of histamine and other proinflammatory cytokines through a mast cell‐dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis animal model. Histological studies demonstrated that neohesperidin substantially inhibited IgE‐induced cellular infiltration and attenuated mast cell activation in skin tissue. In conclusion, our study revealed that neohesperidin could inhibit allergic responses in vivo and in vitro, and the molecule may be regarded as a novel agent for preventing mast cell‐immediate and delayed allergic diseases.     

Shini-san inhibits mast cell-dependent immediate-type allergic reactions

Shini-San has been used for treatment of allergic disease in Korea. However, its effect in experimental models remains unknown. The mast cell plays a pivotal role in initiating allergic response by secreting intracytoplasmic granular mediators such as histamine. The present report describes an inhibitory effect of Shini-San on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. Topical application of compound 48/80 can induce an ear swelling response in normal (WBB6F1(-)+/+) mice but not in congenic mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/WV mice. Shini-San inhibited concentration-dependent mast cell-dependent ear swelling response induced by compound 48/80 in normal mice. Shini-San inhibited concentration-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis induced by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) immunoglobulin E (IgE) in rats by topical application. Shini-San also inhibited in concentration-dependent fashion the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, Shini-San had a significant inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction. These results indicate that Shini-San inhibits immediate type allergic reactions by inhibition of mast cell degranulation in vivo and in vitro.     

小青龙汤药物血清对致敏大鼠腹腔肥大细胞脱颗粒以及组织胺释放的影响

目的 :研究小青龙汤抗过敏作用的机理。方法 :分别用形态法和荧光法观察了小青龙汤药物血清冻干粉对致敏大鼠腹腔肥大细胞 (PMC)脱颗粒和组织胺释放的影响。结果 :给药 15min、给药 2h后制备的药物血清冻干粉对PMC脱颗粒和组织胺释放有明显的抑制作用 ,且二者的时效关系基本一致。结论 :小青龙汤抗过敏作用与抑制PMC释放过敏介质———组织胺有关。     

小青龙汤药物血清对致敏大鼠腹腔肥大细胞脱颗粒以及组 …

目的 研究小青龙汤抗过敏作用的机理。方法 分别形态法和荧光法观察了小青龙汤药物血清冻干粉对致敏大鼠腹腔肥大细胞（ＰＭＣ）脱颗粒和组织胺释放的影响。结果 给药１５ｍｉｎ、给药２ｈ后制备的药物血清冻干粉对ＰＭＣ脱颗粒和组织胺释放有明显的抑制作用,且二者的时效关系基本一致。结论 小青龙汤抗过敏作用与抑制ＰＭＣ释放过敏介质－组织胺有关。     

Paeoniflorin inhibits MRGPRX2‐mediated pseudo‐allergic reaction via calcium signaling pathway

Mas‐related G protein‐coupled receptor‐X2 (MRGPRX2) expressed on mast cells (MCs) has been shown to be a pivotal target for pseudo‐allergic diseases. Therefore, MRGPRX2 might be a therapeutic target for allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, and red man syndrome. Paeoniflorin (PF) was reported to have an antiinflammatory effect in neuroinflammation, enteritis, and so forth. In this study, we investigated the anti‐pseudo‐allergic effect of PF and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that PF can suppress compound 48/80 (C48/80)‐induced PCA and MCs degranulation in vivo, in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, PF can reduce C48/80‐induced calcium influx and suppress MC degranulation and chemokines release in vitro. PF can downregulate the phosphorylation levels of key kinases in PLCγ‐regulated calcium influx and subsequent cytokine synthesis pathways. Our study revealed that PF could inhibit C48/80‐induced allergic responses both in vivo and in vitro. As such, it may be regarded as a novel inhibitor for preventing MRGPRX2‐mediated allergic diseases.     

Anti-anaphylactic pharmacological action of water-soluble constituents of Ginkgo biloba L. episperm

Water-soluble constituents of Ginkgo biloba episperm 100 or 200 mg/kg po given to mice inhibited passive cutaneous allergic response and the same dose given to rats ip inhibited mast cell degranulation. It antagonized the contractile effect of isolated guinea pig ileum smooth muscles induced by the antigen. It inhibited the deliverance of SRS-A from anaphylactic lung of guinea pig.     

银杏甲素的抗过敏药理作用

对银杏甲素进行了抗过敏药理实验研究,结果表明,银杏甲素20mg/kg和40mg/kg能阻止过敏介质释放及肥大细胞的脱颗粒作用,并能直接拮抗过敏介质引起的豚鼠回肠平滑肌的收缩反应。     

银杏外种皮水溶性成分的抗过敏作用

结果表明银杏外种皮水溶性成分100mg/kg或200mg/kg能阻止过敏介质释放及肥大细胞脱颗粒作用,并能直接拮抗过敏介质引起的豚鼠回肠平滑肌的收缩反应。