Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution among Turkish Women with or Without Cervical Lesion

Context: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer, but the risk is associated with the various HPV genotypes which may be found in women with or without clinical findings. Aims: We aimed to identify HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in women with or without cervical lesions admitted to Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinics of one of the largest private hospitals in Istanbul between 2013 and 2017. Subjects and Methods: In the present study, cervical cytobrush samples collected from 2464 women with different cytological conditions, and investigated for the presence of HPV, and the different genotypes. Results were evaluated based on the HPV positivity in different cytological findings, and ages. Furthermore, distribution of high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) genotypes in different groups was investigated. Results: Among all participants, 1925 (78.1%) was with the normal cytological condition, 354 (14.4%) with ASC-US; 151 (6.1%) with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 34 (1.4%) with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Our results showed that 649 out of 2464 patients (26.3%) were positive, and 1815 (73.7%) were negative for the presence of HPV. Among 649 positive patients, 223 (34.3%) were found positive for more than one genotype. HPV 16 was found the most common HR-HPV type in ASC-US and LSIL whereas HPV 18 was the most common in HSIL. HPV 6 was found the most common LR-HPV type in ASC-US and LSIL whereas HPV 11 was the most common in HSIL. 26.9% of women <50 years old, and 22.3% of women ≥50 years old was positive for HPV. The most common HR-HPV genotype was 16 in both groups with (19%) or without (17%) abnormal cytology. Conclusions: We concluded that HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in women with or without clinical findings is an important predictor of cervical cancer.     

湖北省人乳头瘤病毒基因分型检测分析

目的 调查湖北省女性人群人乳头状瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染状况,为宫颈癌防治提供参考依据.方法 收集2013年1月至2014年11月在湖北省中山医院就诊的3956例宫颈脱落细胞标本,采用PCR体外扩增和DNA反向点杂交相结合的DNA芯片技术,对宫颈脱落细胞标本进行HPV基因分型检测.结果 3956例患者中共检出HPV阳性818例,阳性率为20.68％,其中高危型HPV感染阳性率为15.77％(624/3956).在被检测的23个HPV-DNA亚型中,最常见的依次为16型(3.72％,147/3956),52型(3.67％,145/3956),43型(3.64％,144/3956),58型(2.78％,110/3956),18型(1.49％,59/3956),33型(1.06％,42/3956),未检出MM4型.HPV阳性者中多重感染率为17.36％(142/818),以二重感染最常见(85.21％,121/142).结论 湖北省地区高危型HPV感染以HPV16、52、58、18和33比较常见,低危型HPV感染以HPV43比较常见.     

人乳头瘤病毒基因型在湘潭地区女性下生殖道感染中的分布特点

了解人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因型在本地区女性下生殖道感染的分布及特点.采用快速分子导流杂交分型技术对2009年5月至2010年6月间本院妇产科就诊的2682例女性进行生殖道21种HPV分型检测.结果显示:HPV阳性率为23.8%(639/2682),21种HPV亚型均有检出,其中单一型感染率为18.3%(490/268...     

原位核酸分子杂交技术检测宫颈鳞状上皮病变HPV感染

目的:观察宫颈鳞状上皮病变过程中HPV6/11、HPV16/18的表达,探讨其测定的临床意义.方法:选择病理诊断为宫颈慢性炎症50例、鳞状上皮乳头状瘤样增生30例、尖锐湿疣30例、上皮内瘤变89例、鳞癌50例共249例石蜡包埋标本,应用原位核酸分子杂交技术对其进行HPV6/11,HPV16/18检测.结果:慢性炎症组HPV6/11阳性表达4%,HPV16/18阳性表达0%;乳头状瘤样增生组HPV6/11阳性表达10%,HPV16/18阳性表达3.3%;尖锐湿疣组HPV6/11阳性表达93.3%,HPV16/18阳性表达23.3%;CIN组中Ⅰ级HPV6/11阳性表达48.9%,HPV16/18阳性表达42.2%;Ⅱ级HPV6/11阳性表达39.1%,HPV16/18阳性表达69.6%;Ⅲ级HPV6/11阳性表达9.5%,HPV16/18阳性表达66.7%;鳞癌组HPV6/11阳性表达6%,HPV16/18阳性表达82%.结论:应用原位核酸分子杂交技术检测宫颈鳞状上皮病变细胞的HPV6/11、HFV16/18,为临床早期诊断、鉴别诊断及评估预后提供可靠的理论依据.     

Human papillomavirus type 11DNA in papillary squamous cell lung carcinoma

Summary We report a case of papillary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung developing in relation to a condylomatous papilloma and related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The viral origin of the bronchial papillomatous lesion is strongly suggested by cytological and histological features with marked condylomatous changes. No viral capsid antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry. Transmission electron microscopy failed to reveal intranuclear viral-like particles in the papillary part of the carcinoma, but typical ultrastructural koilocytotic cells with irregular nucleus and coarse chromatin were observed. HPV DNA type 11 was detected by in situ hybridization using biotinylated probes on paraffin-embedded specimens, under stringent conditions (T _m }-12, 50% formamide). Papillary squamous cell carcinoma may result from the malignant conversion of benign squamous papilloma of the bronchus. HPV type 11 may be associated with malignant conversion of benign papilloma of the pulmonary tract, as in the upper respiratory tract. In situ hybridization with biotinylated probes is a relatively simple and appropriate method for retrospective analysis of HPV DNA sequences in surgical specimens.     

Types of Human Papillomavirus Observed in Hospital-Based Population

Background and Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of cervical cancer, a major cause of cancer mortality in Indian women. The current study was undertaken to add information to the existing data on HPV type distribution in Indians, in an attempt to document HPV types for future vaccination programme, if any. Materials and Methods: HPV infection was screened in 223 cervical cancer cases and 2408 healthy women without cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (control). HPV was typed using polymerase chain reaction, Southern hybridisation using specific probes and HPV GenoArray (Hybribio) test. Results: HPV DNA was found in 92.8% of cases and 7.3% of controls. Of the 383 HPV-infected women, 30.0% had single infection; 50.9% had multiple infections (two or more types) and 19.1% were infected with HPV types other than HPV-16, -18, -6 and -11. Besides HPV-16, HPV-51 and HPV-33 were also seen as single infection in cases. In cases, HPV-18 or its homologous HPV-45 was always present as co-infection with HPV-16 or with other high-risk type. Binary logistic regression (backward) analysis highlighted significant association of age, parity and socioeconomic status with HPV infection. The present study highlighted the presence of multiple HPV infection (186 of 207, 89.9%) along with HPV-16 in women with cervical cancer. In control, 27.3% were co-infected with other sexually transmitted infections, while Chlamydia trachomatis infection was seen in 13% of cases. Conclusions: The study highlighted the type of HPV infection seen among the hospital-based population. For better screening, HPV tests available in the market should include all the types seen in the population.     

Verrucous carcinoma of the renal pelvis: case presentation and review of the literature

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the renal pelvis is an uncommon tumour that has occasionally been associated with horseshoe kidney. The verrucous form of well-differentiated SCC has not been described previously at this site. We describe such a tumour in a 41-year-old man, who presented with gross haematuria and recurrent pyelonephritis caused by staghorn calculi within a horseshoe kidney. Histology showed extensive keratinising squamous metaplasia of the pelvic urothelium with an area of verrucous acanthosis and underlying invasion of the pelvic smooth muscle by broad tongues of squamous epithelium without atypia. Local lymph nodes were not involved by tumour. Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction revealed no evidence of human papillomavirus infection. The literature regarding verrucous carcinoma of the urothelial tract is reviewed.     

慢性宫颈炎患者宫颈中人乳头瘤病毒基因的检测

应用聚合酶链反应技术检测正常妇女与慢性宫颈炎患者宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染情况的结果显示，南京市慢性宫颈炎患者ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ总阳性率达５８．６％；ＨＰＶ６，１１，１６，１８型阳性率分别为２９．３％，３０．７％，２８．６％和３４．３％，而正常妇女中ＨＰＶ总阳性率为１９．４％，４个型别ＨＰＶ阳性率为９．７％，１６．１％，３．２％和３．２％，明显低于宫颈炎患者。如皋市慢性宫颈炎患者ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ总阳性率高达８     

人乳头状瘤病毒16 E7 DNA在结直肠腺癌组织中的表达

结直肠癌与人类乳头状瘤病毒(Human papilloma virus,HPV)感染有一定的关系,但由于检测方法、标本选择及样本数量不同,各研究结果之间差异很大。为进一步明确结直肠癌变与HPV16感染的关系,采用多聚酶链反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)对82例原发性结直肠腺癌患者手术切除的新鲜癌及癌旁正常粘膜组织进行了前瞻性对照研究,检测了组织中HPV16E7DNA的表达并进行测序鉴定。结果显示,结直肠腺癌组织HPV16E7的表达阳性率(42/82)明显高于癌旁正常粘膜组织(4/82);直肠癌组织中HPV16E7的表达(64.10%)明显高于升结肠癌(18.18%),即癌灶部位距肛门越近,感染率越高;HPV16阳性率与Dukes分期相关,Dukes分期越晚感染率越高;与癌组织分化程度无相关性。结果提示结直肠癌的发生、发展可能与HPV16感染有关。     

宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染的免疫研究进展

人乳头瘤病毒是一种常见的双链闭环DNA病毒,主要引起皮肤黏膜的良恶性增殖性疾病,高危型HPV的持续感染已被证实是宫颈癌发生的必要因素。病毒进入人体后,机体启动固有免疫、细胞免疫、体液免疫来清除病毒。树突细胞、朗格罕氏细胞、自然杀伤细胞等参与抗病毒免疫反应中的抗原提呈、吞噬。T细胞介导的细胞免疫在清除HPV感染中发挥重要的作用。然而,HPV也可以通过多种逃逸机制逃避机体的免疫清除,使得HPV感染持续存在,从而导致宫颈病变。因此,进一步深入明确机体感染HPV后所诱导的固有免疫、细胞免疫、体液免疫等免疫反应及免疫逃逸机制,对于下一步研发新药物、新治疗方法和新疫苗具有重要作用。本文就HPV感染的机体免疫反应变化进行系统性综述。     

Detection and localization of human papillomavirus DNA in human genital condylomas by in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes

We have examined the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in paraffin sections of humans warts by in situ hybridization with biotin-labeled DNA probes. Recombinant plasmid DNAs (HPV-1, -6, -11, -16) were labeled by nick translation with biotinylated deoxyuridine triphosphate. Paraffin sections were hybridized with the probes for 18 h in stringent or non-stringent conditions, and DNA-DNA hybrids were detected by immunocytochemistry. Paraffin sections of warts were also examined for the presence of HPV capsid antigen with the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method for immunocytochemistry. HPV DNA was detected and localized in paraffin sections from a plantar wart, a laryngeal papilloma, and seven anogenital condylomas. The specific HPV type present in each lesion was determined by hybridization under stringent conditions with the homologous DNA probe. The papillomas were found to contain many more cells with replicating virus DNA, as demonstrated by in situ hybridization, than was apparent from the number of cells containing detectable virus antigen. In situ hybridization with biotin-labeled probes is an effective technique for the identification of HPV infection in routinely collected and processed tissue specimens.     

原位杂交检测HPV-16E6,-18E6在喉癌组织中的表达

目的 检测HPV L1和16/18DNA在喉癌组织中的表达,探讨HPV在喉癌发生中的作用.方法 用原位杂交(ISH)检测123例喉癌组织及123例"正常人"的喉粘膜上皮组织中HPV-16/18 mRNA.结果 在123例喉癌标本中,ISH检出HPV-16E6的阳性率为46.34%,HPV-18E6的阳性率为35.77%.123例"正常人"的喉粘膜ISH结果表明:低危型HPV的阳性率与喉癌相近;高危型HPV的阳性率虽远远低于喉癌,但随着组织病变程度加重阳性率逐渐升高.对上述结果用SPSS 10.0软件进行case-control X2分析,HPV-16感染会增加喉上皮病变的风险(OR=14.58),感染HPV-18时,喉上皮病变的风险(OR=10.77).结论 HPV-16感染是重庆地区喉癌的重要发病因素;HPV-16感染后E6片段的保留并持续表达与喉组织的癌变进程密切相关;HPV-16感染会增强喉上皮病变的风险,而HPV-18有协同作用.     

Squamous carcinoma arising in a giant peri-anal condyloma associated with human papillomavirus types 6 and 11

A case is reported of squamous carcinoma of the peri-anal region arising in a giant condyloma. In situ DNA hybridization showed human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11. These HPV types are commonly demonstrated in ano-genital condylomas but have not previously been reported in association with malignant change at this site.     

Prevalence of HPV 16 and 18 DNA sequences in CIN III lesions of adults and adolescents

Adolescents may be more susceptible to cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and may have more rapid progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplastic (CIN) lesions than adults. We evaluated Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and cervical tissue specimens from a consecutive series of 25 adolescent (age 15-20 yr) and 17 adult (age 35-40 yr) patients with a histologic diagnosis of CIN III. The study patients were all Detroit residents enrolled in a health maintenance organization (HMO) affliated with Henry Ford Hospital. The cervical tissue specimens were evaluated for HPV 6b/11, HPV 16, and HPV 18 using agarose gel electrophoresis and Southern hybridization following polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA amplification. While the small sample size precluded testing for statistical significance, HPV 16 and/or HPV 18 DNA was detected in specimens from 21/25 (84%) adolescents compared to 12/17 (71%) adults (odds ratio [OR] = 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49-9.74). The relationship between adolescence and HPV infections appears to be stronger for HPV 18 and mixed HPV 16/18 infections (OR = 5.6; 95% CI = 0.7-42.4) than for HPV 16 infections (OR = 1.93; 95% CI = 0.4-8.8). None of the cervical specimens contained HPV 6b/11 DNA. Oral contraceptive (OC) use was associated with HPV infection in patients with CIN III, but there was no association between cigarette smoking and HPV infection. The effect of OC use on the relationship of age and HPV could not be evaluated due to small sample size. The effects of previous sexually transmitted disease (STD) on the relationship of age and HPV were assessed. Among women with a history of STD, there was a strong association between HPV and adolescent age (OR = 18.0; 95% CI = 1.2-260.0). Our data suggest that among women with CIN III, adolescents have a higher prevalence of certain high-risk types of HPV infections than adults. The excess is due predominantly to the higher rates of HPV 18 and mixed HPV 16/18 infections in adolescents. The positive relationship between high-risk HPV infections and young age was most evident in adolescents with a history of STD. The results from this study suggest that differences in HPV type infections may be related to the more aggressive clinical course of CIN in adolescents. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

13452例HPV亚型感染检测结果分析

目的通过对13452例人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)亚型感染检测结果的分析,了解检测样本的HPV感染状况及年龄分布特点。方法采用导流杂交技术检测21种HPV亚型,包括14种高危型和7种低危型HPV,分析受检妇女中常见的HPV亚型感染及分布规律。结果 HPV亚型感染总阳性率为36.98%,21种亚型被检出。高危型以HPV16最为常见,低危型最常见为HPV53。HPV多重感染比例为24.08%,以二重感染最为多见。结论 13452例受检妇女HPV亚型感染总阳性率为36.98%,常见的3种高危型为HPV16、HPV58、HPV52,2种低危型为HPV53和HPVcp8304。19～29岁年龄组,≥60岁年龄组的HPV亚型感染阳性率和HPV多重感染阳性率表现出较弱的高峰,HPV多重感染以二重感染最多见。     

人乳腺癌HPV感染的超微结构和DNA分子原位杂交研究

目的：对乳腺癌的HPV感染进行形态学定位研究。方法：对46例乳腺癌切除标本及7例良性病变标本进行透射电子显微镜以及HPV DNA分子原位杂交检测。结果：透射电镜下，14例（30．40％）乳腺癌细胞核内有HPV样病毒颗粒，颗粒直径30－50nm，或弥漫散布，或聚集成团呈假结晶状排列。颗粒圆形或略不规则，含有HPV样颗粒的癌细胞核异型性较明显。7例良性病变细胞核内未见到HPV样颗粒。HPV DNA分子原位杂交显示，21例（45．65％）乳腺癌细胞核内HPV31／33 DNA阳性，1例软肉瘤样化生性癌细胞核同时有HPV31／33及HPV16／18阳性；1例纤维腺癌（14．29％）也显示HPV31／33 DNA阳性（X^2=2．7431，P＜0．05）。电镜下85％病毒样颗粒阳性病例中可检测到HPV DNA存在，两种检测结果符合率达73．91％。结论：乳腺肿瘤内存在未组装的、裸型病毒样颗粒。该研究对阐明乳腺癌的发病原因以及对乳腺癌的预防和治疗均有重要意义。     

人乳头瘤病毒检查与影响因素的探讨

使用DNA基因杂交捕获二代法(hc2)检测3273例宫颈外口及宫颈管分泌物人乳头瘤病毒(HPV),并探讨试验中影响因素。结果表明:HPV阳性率为28.0%,而年龄在18～45岁阳性率为31.6%。随着年龄增加HPV阳性率则呈下降趋势。hc2是宫颈癌筛查最佳方案中的方法之一。45批实验中,42批实验低危型和高危型HPV质控、阴性质控和校准品的各种参数均在试剂盒给出的范围内,结果数据可靠。在三批失败的实验中,因质控的参照品未与待测样品在相同条件下水解,操作者加样的准确性、重复性差和样本被污染而失败。建立稳定的hc2方法为临床提供可靠的数据至关重要。     

Human papillomavirus type 13 and focal epithelial hyperplasia of the oral mucosa: DNA hybridization on paraffin-embedded specimens

Summary 16 cases of focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease) were studied for the presence of human papillomavirus DNA by means of nucleic acid hybridization. Hybridization was carried out in situ with biotin-labelled probes of HPV 1, 6, 11, 13, 16, and 18 DNA under stringent and non-stringent conditions. Under non-stringent conditions, 6 of 16 cases (38%) hybridized to a mixture of HPV 1, 6, 11, 16, and 18 DNA. When these probes were applied under stringent conditions, only one case could be shown to be weakly positive for HPV 6/11 DNA. Further stringent hybridizations, which were conducted with a HPV 13 probe on 12 of our 16 cases, revealed a positive result in 9 of 12 cases (75%). The results of our study strongly substantiate the concept that HPV 13 or a closely related HPV type is associated with lesions morphologically presenting as focal epithelial hyperplasia.