肿瘤放射免疫显像

肿瘤放射免疫显像(Radioimmunoimaging,RII)系以抗肿瘤抗体或其片段为特异性导向运载工具交联诊断用放射性核素定位于肿瘤组织,采用核医学显像设备于体外探测肿瘤位置的一种核医学诊断技术。自1978年Goldenberg 首次报告抗CEA抗体临床肿瘤定位以来,RII的临床应用已有近万例报告,其中包括实体瘤(如:大肠癌、黑色素     

99mTc-Sandostatin诊断高表达生长抑素受体的胰腺癌的实验研究

胰腺癌发病率在全身各恶性肿瘤中仅次于肺癌、肠癌和乳腺癌,占第4位.胰腺癌早期诊断困难,常用的影像学检查改变不明显.本研究自制99mTc-Sandostatin对荷胰腺癌裸鼠模型行SSR显像,探讨99mTc-Sandostatin显像诊断胰腺癌的可能性及与肿瘤组织SSR表达水平的关系.     

~(99m)Tc标记单克隆抗体在肿瘤放射免疫显像中的研究

放射免疫显像已成为对肿瘤进行诊断的重要手段之一。目前认为，＾９９ｍＴｃ是用于放射免显像比较理想的放射性核素。本就放射性核素＾９９ｍＴｃ村记单克隆抗体和单克隆抗体片段在肿瘤放免显像中的基础研究、临床研究、存在问题及研究方向等几方面情况进行了综述。自应用杂交瘤技术以来，已产生许多单克隆抗体，其中一些于放射免疫显像。一核素标记的单克隆抗体可有效地将放射性核素导向到肿瘤部位，为肿瘤的诊断提供了又一新的途     

^99Tc-Sandostatin诊断高表达生长抑素受体的胰腺癌的实验研究

胰腺癌发病率在全身各恶性肿瘤中仅次于肺癌、肠癌和乳腺癌,占第4位.胰腺癌早期诊断困难,常用的影像学检查改变不明显.本研究自制99mTc-Sandostatin对荷胰腺癌裸鼠模型行SSR显像,探讨99mTc-Sandostatin显像诊断胰腺癌的可能性及与肿瘤组织SSR表达水平的关系.     

肿瘤的放射免疫显像和治疗：回顾与展望

放射免疫显像(Rsdioimmunoimaging,RII)是一种以放射性核素标记的抗肿瘤及其相关抗原的抗体为显像剂定位肿瘤的技术。基本过程为:标记抗体经静脉或其它途径注入体内后定向地与肿瘤细胞相结合;在适当时间内,使内r相机作全身或局部显像来识别肿瘤所处的部位和大小。放射免疫治疗(Radioimmunotherapy,RIT)则是应用有足够能量、释放卢射线的放射性核素标记抗体,利用坑体的导向作用与肿瘤细胞相结合,通过抗体和射线的双重作用治疗肿瘤的一种方法。数十年以来,科学技术的发展使RII和RIT逐步完善,开辟了肿瘤诊断和治疗的新领域,展示出诱人的前景。     

HER2 affibody分子探针在放射免疫显像中的应用

【摘要】人类表皮生长因子受体2（HER2）是肿瘤重要的分子标志物之一,检测HER2表达对HER2阳性肿瘤的诊疗具有重要意义。放射免疫显像(RII)为在体HER2表达检测提供了一种更加准确、精细的方法,而灵敏、特异的分子探针则是进行放射免疫显像研究的先决条件。近来,靶向HER2的亲合体（Affibody）分子探针越来越受到人们关注。亲和体又称“人工抗体”,是一类基于非免疫蛋白亲和配体的新型支架蛋白,与抗体相比具有亲和性好、组织渗透力强等特点,其中第二代亲合体是在第一代基础上进行定点变异筛选而来,具有更强的特异性和稳定性。本文对第二代HER2亲合体分子探针在放射免疫显像中的研究进展进行综述。     

放射免疫闪烁显像的临床展望

放射免疫闪烁显像技术在核医学是一个新的领域,特别是单克隆抗体的开发和应用,使放射免疫显像成为核医学的重要部分。放射免疫显像越发受到人们的重视和研究,现已试用于临床,不仅在临床诊断上有重要意义,而且在某些肿瘤的治疗上也有一定价值。     

碘化甲胎蛋白抗体在大鼠肝癌中选择性定位研究

本文用亲和层析法纯化的抗体,研究碘化甲胎蛋白(AFP)抗体在大鼠移植性肝癌中的定位和放射免疫显像。做全身扫描的荷瘤鼠27只有肿瘤37个,阳性显像36个,弱阳性1个。荷瘤鼠全身放射性核素含量以每日减少约50％的速率下降,第7天还剩3.6％。肿瘤碘化抗体含量持续保持较高水平,第5天肿瘤放射强度分别是血、脑、肌肉、心、肝、脾、肾的2.49、46.60、15.16、6.21、6.17、5.33、3.03倍。组织切片放射自显影显示碘化抗体在肿瘤内呈特异性浓集。本文还就碘化抗体选择性定位和放射性非靶分布的机理进行了免疫病理学探讨。     

^131I—抗HBxAg人／鼠嵌合抗体在裸鼠人肝癌模型定位的初步研究

在抗ＨＢｘＡｇ人／鼠嵌合抗体基因构建及表达成功后，进行了放射免疫显像研究，以评价在其在动物模型中的导向活性。＾１３１Ｉ标记嵌合抗体，经腹腔注射１，５，７天后行裸鼠人肝癌模型放射免疫显像，于第７天作组织分布测定，并以单区抗体及原鼠源抗体对照进行比较，结果显示实验组在标记抗体注入后２天即获肿瘤阳性显像，第７天更清晰，此时嵌合抗体，单区抗体，抗ＨＢｘ单抗及对照组的瘤／肝放射性比值分别为２．８，２．４４，     

有关癌肿放射免疫探测的若干问题

应用抗肿瘤抗体作为载体,经标记放射性核素后,注入人体,载入相应肿瘤,用γ相机进行肿瘤的阳性显像,Goldenberg[1]称之为癌放射免疫探测(Radioimmunodetection of cancer)。     

影像组学在胰腺肿瘤中的研究进展

随着影像技术的发展,胰腺肿瘤的检出率逐年提高。相较于传统的影像诊断模式,影像组学能够提取肉眼无法识别的高通量影像特征进行定量分析,目前已逐步运用于胰腺肿瘤的诊断与鉴别诊断、组织学分级和预后预测等方面。就影像组学在胰腺癌、胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤、胰腺囊性肿瘤中的应用进展予以综述。     

^131I—C50放射免疫显像诊断卵巢癌

目的 探讨卵巢癌放免显像在卵巢癌诊断和治疗方面的临床价值。方法 采用氯胺T法制备^131I-CEA McAb(C50)，以静脉滴注方式给药，于不同时间对患者进行显像。结果 经手术和病理检查证实的105例卵巢癌患者中96例显像阳性，9例阴性（假阴性）；23例良性病灶中22例获阴性显像结果，并经手术证实。96例阳性显像中87例放射免疫显像分期与手术分期完全相符。151处转移灶发现141处，阳性率93．4％，最小检出病灶直径1cm。结论 卵巢癌放免显像对卵巢癌的早期发现，指导临床分期和制定治疗方案、预计预后有较高的临床价值。     

放射免疫显像在妇科肿瘤中的研究与应用

放射免疫显像是利用肿瘤相关单克隆抗体与肿瘤抗原特异性结合的原理,通过放射性浓集区强度的不同而显示出肿瘤病灶,故在肿瘤的诊断中发挥着重要的作用。本文综述近年来在妇科肿瘤中的研究与应用的进展。     

Metastatic pancreas cancer from the thyroid; clinical imaging mimicking non functioning islet cell tumor.

A case of pancreatic metastasis from thyroid cancer resected seven years previously is presented. Pancreatic metastases of thyroid cancer are rare. The radiological features of the tumor are described and the diagnostic implications of pancreatic metastases are discussed.     

Diagnosis of pancreatic cancer using 201Tl-chloride and a three-head rotating gamma camera SPECT system]

201Tl SPECT was performed on 17 patients with pancreatic cancer or chronic pancreatitis using a three-head rotating gamma camera SPECT system. In 7 of 10 patients with pancreatic cancer, the lesions were clearly delineated by 201Tl SPECT. Whereas the lesion of 30 mm in diameter was visualized, a large tumor of 80 mm in diameter could not be visualized. Namely, it was thought that 201Tl uptake by pancreatic cancer might be well correlated with tumor blood flow and/or its histological subtype rather than with tumor size. In 5 of 7 patients with chronic pancreatitis, no uptake by the pancreas was shown. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in diagnosing pancreatic cancer by 201Tl SPECT were 70%, 71%, and 71%, respectively. The present results obtained by 201Tl SPECT were thought satisfactory enough to evaluate pancreatic cancer under the present conditions where there was no useful imaging agent for visualizing pancreatic cancer by SPECT. 201Tl SPECT is expected to be a new diagnostic tool for investigation of pancreatic tumorous lesion.     

血清CA19-9水平对胰腺癌的诊断价值

探讨血清CA19 9水平对胰腺癌的诊断价值。回顾性分析 1993年 6月至 2 0 0 1年 6月间第二军医大学 3所附属医院胰腺癌住院患者共 10 31例 ,其中有明确CA19 9检测值者 778例。采用描述统计学方法和相关分析 ,研究CA19 9在胰腺癌诊断中的价值及与肿瘤分期和预后的关系。结果以CA19 9>37U/ml为参考值 ,发现 80 33%的胰腺癌患者血清CA19 9大于参考值 ,且发现CA19 9的水平与肿瘤的TNM分期有明显正相关 (r=0 5 13,P <0 0 1) ,与患者的生存期呈明显负相关 (r=- 0 4 2 7,P <0 0 1)。因此认为 ,CA19 9为诊断胰腺癌和判断病情分期及预后较好的参考指标     

Mangan-enhanced MR imaging for the detection and localisation of small pancreatic insulinoma

Insulinoma is the most common pancreatic endocrine tumor. Localization of small tumors remains a diagnostic challenge. Recently, Mangafodipir-enhanced MR imaging using a whole-body coil has been shown to be effective in the detection and staging of pancreatic cancer [3]. Localization of even small tumors is improved and surgical techniques, such as robotic-assisted surgery, have been made possible.     

18F-FDG PET/MRI在胰腺癌中的临床应用及新进展

胰腺癌是一种恶性程度高、易转移、进展快、预后差的恶性肿瘤,早期诊断、准确分期和及时的疗效评估对胰腺癌患者至关重要。一体化的PET/MRI作为一种新型的多模态成像技术,集合了MRI对软组织分辨率高、多序列、多参数和PET代谢显像的高灵敏度等优势,在胰腺癌患者的肿瘤分期、疗效评估、预后预测、复发监测等方面具有潜在的应用价值。因此,笔者就18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET/MRI的优势及其在胰腺癌中的临床应用及新进展进行综述。     

Evaluation of pancreatic cancer extent using balanced turbo field echo (bTFE)

PURPOSE: Recent advances in MR system technology have allowed for the development of new imaging techniques. Balanced turbo field echo (bTFE) is one such example. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of bTFE for evaluating pancreatic cancer extent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 45 patients with pathologically proven pancreatic cancer were examined with bTFE. The images obtained were evaluated by the consensus of two radiologists, from the following viewpoints: tumor detection and vascular invasion, e.g., celiac axis (CA); superior mesenteric artery (SMA); portal vein (PV); and splenic artery (SA). The results of vascular evaluation were compared with those of dynamic CT. RESULTS: All tumors were demonstrated on bTFE images, however, tumors in the pancreatic head were less clear than those in the pancreatic body. Vascular evaluation on bTFE images was in good agreement with that on dynamic CT scan. CONCLUSION: bTFE is a useful method for evaluating pancreatic cancer extent. Because image quality does not show overt changes in this sequence as time passes, unlike so-called dynamic study, not only are divided scans or respiration-trigered scans available, but repeated scans and multi-directional image acquisition can be performed as well.