Rheumatoid aortic valve prolapse requiring emergency aortic valve replacement.

Rapid progression of aortic regurgitation was closely observed in a patient with severe seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid changes within the aortic valve leaflets resulted in severe prolapse necessitating emergency operation. The postoperative course was satisfactory.     

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in unicuspid aortic valve stenosis

Unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) offers unique challenges to transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), due to asymmetric expansion and apposition of the prosthesis during implantation. Although TAVR in bicuspid is now a well described experience, TAVR in unicuspid valve has not yet been described. A challenging case is described with TAVR in UAV using a Edwards Sapiens prosthesis via transapical approach. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

主动脉瓣关闭不全成形术治疗疗效分析

目的探讨治疗主动脉瓣关闭不全的外科手术方法及治疗效果。方法 2003年7月至2009年11月对188例主动脉瓣关闭不全患者行主动脉瓣成形术,并存术前、术中、术后利用超声对心脏结构及功能进行评价。结果采用佰仁思牛心包单瓣置换103例(54.8%)。出院时心功能(纽约心脏病协会分级)Ⅰ级168例,Ⅱ级20例。随访3个月至5年,无围手术期死亡。超声心动图显示,术前左心室舒张期末内径为(46.4±10.3)mm,术后减小为(39.3±9.2)mm(P<0.05);术前主动脉瓣收缩期压差为(11.4±5.0)mm Hg,术后为(9.3±2.2)mmHg(P>0.1),术前主动脉瓣收缩期流速为(1.5±0.2)m/s,术后为(1.5±0.5)m/s(P>0.1);术前主动脉瓣舒张期压差为(77.2±10.4)mm Hg,术后为(43.7±11.6)mm Hg(P<0.05),术前主动脉瓣舒张期流速为(4.7±1.6)m/s,术后为(3.6±0.8)m/s(P>0.1)。结论主动脉瓣成形术治疗主动脉瓣关闭不全具有良好的手术效果及安全性。     

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for bicuspid aortic valve stenosis

• In Preprocedural CT, patients with BAV have larger aortic annulus perimeters, and more calcified valves compared with TAV.
• In patients with BAV, self‐expandable valves were under‐expand and balloon‐expandable valves have a trend toward increased rates of postimplantation AR grade.
• Self‐expandable valves have higher postprocedural gradient in BAV compared with TAV.

     

Quadricuspid aortic valve

We reported a case of a 45 year-old woman who had a quadricuspid aortic valve associated with moderate aortic regurgitation. The valve abnormality was detected by transthoracic echocardiography. Transesophageal echocardiography showed mild thickening of 4 symmetric aortic valve cusps, a small rectangular central regurgitant orifice, and moderate aortic insufficiency. In addition visualised this anomaly in 3D transesophageal echocardiography too.