左旋高诺酮及醋酸左旋高诺酮肟药理作用的比较研究

本文比较了国产左旋高诺酮(LNG)及醋酸左旋高诺酮肟(LNGOA)的性激素活性及抗排卵作用效价强度。LNGOA和LNG的孕激素活性,口服效强分别为黄体酮皮下注射时的2.4倍和2.2倍;维持妊娠作用证实LNGOA亦比LNG强。两者具有微弱的促子宫增重效应,LNGOA口服相对效能约为乙炔雌二醇(EE)皮下注射的8.0×10~(-6),LNG约为EE的18.6×10~(-6),但两者未引起去势小白鼠阴道上皮细胞角化。它们具有微弱的雄激素活性,LNGOA弱于LNG。在家兔中,LNGOA呈现明显的抗排卵作用,LNG在20倍LNGOA剂量时尚未呈现此作用。     

左旋吡喹酮治疗华支睾吸虫病的实验与临床观察

左旋和右旋吡喹酮治疗大鼠华支睾吸虫感染,总剂量均为400mg/kg,二日疗法,于治疗后7天解剖结果,左旋吡喹酮组治愈率为100％;右旋喹喹酮组和对照组每鼠平均回收虫数分别为6.6±2.72与8.47±5.97条。左旋吡喹酮的疗效明显优于右旋吡喹酮(P<0.01)。右旋吡喹酮和对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。现场治疗华支睾吸虫病37例,左旋吡喹酮总剂量为75mg/kg(25mg/kg一日3次×1天)。治疗后3个月虫卵阴转率为71.88％(23/32),未阴转者9例,平均减卵率为98.6％。药物副作用轻而短暂,血、尿常规,肝功能试验和心电图检查治疗前后对比均比明显改变。     

左旋吡喹酮与吡喹酮治疗慢性日本血吸虫病对比观察

左旋吡喹酮与吡喹酮治疗血吸虫病患者189例和75例。均按30mg/kg的剂量,顿服,治后3个月与6个月粪孵阴转率分别为84.3%、86.5%与71.6%、72.9%;累积阴转率分别为73.5%与60.2%。二组的疗效比较有非常显著差异(p<0.01)。左旋吡喹酮组的无反应率(70.4%)与吡喹酮组(69.1％)比较则无差异(p>0.05)。该两药毒副反应均轻而短暂,无需特殊处理,自行缓解。治疗前与治后肝、肾功能,心电图和血、尿常规检查均无明显变化。临床研究结果证明左旋吡喹酮单剂疗法的疗效优于吡喹酮。我们认为左旋吡喹酮可用于血吸虫病流行区大规模普治     

地诺前列酮在足月妊娠引产中的应用效果观察

目的探讨地诺前列酮在足月妊娠引产中的应用效果。方法 110例有明显引产指征的初产妇按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各55例。观察组给予地诺前列酮,对照组给予缩宫素。比较两组宫颈Bishop评分、分娩情况及不良反应。结果观察组用药后6 h的宫颈Bishop评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组宫颈成熟总有效率高于对照组(96.36%vs78.18%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组剖宫产率、临产时间和总产程比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与缩宫素相比,地诺前列酮用于足月妊娠引产能更好地促进宫颈成熟,改善分娩情况,且对母婴无不良影响,值得临床推广应用。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清环氧化酶-2和地诺前列酮浓度变化的临床意义

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者急性发作期和缓解期血清环氧化酶-2(COX-2)和地诺前列酮浓度变化的临床意义。方法:采用ELISA法,分别检测48例COPD患者在急性发作期、缓解期及53名健康人(对照组)血清COX-2和地诺前列酮浓度,并进行比较。同时测定COPD急性发作期血清C反应蛋白(CRP)浓度。结果:COPD急性发作期、缓解期COX-2、地诺前列酮均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);急性发作期和缓解期比较血清地诺前列酮浓度差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01),而COX-2浓度则无明显不同(P>0.05);急性发作期COX-2和地诺前列酮浓度与CRP浓度之间均呈正相关关系(P<0.01和P<0.05),COX-2浓度和地诺前列酮浓度之间亦呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论:COX-2和地诺前列酮参与了COPD的炎症过程,检测地诺前列酮血清浓度有助于对COPD急性发作进行监测。     

左旋咪唑及吡喹酮对鼠体内广州管圆线虫幼虫杀灭效果的研究

本文报道感染50条和100条广州管圆线虫幼虫的大白鼠,在感染后第6天开始用左旋咪唑及吡喹酮口服治疗,前者给10mg/kg/日,连用3天和6天,后者给25mg/kg/日,连用6天,每组大白鼠在感染后第14,15、21、22天解剖,从鼠脑收集虫体数,与对照组比较,治疗组收集虫数明显少,治疗3天和6天虫减少率分别为90～96％和99～100％,提示:左旋咪唑有高的杀幼虫效果。连用6天优于连用3天,两者有显著差异,(U=8.30,P<0.001)。吡喹酮治疗6天,虫减少率为65～97％,也有良好的杀虫效果,但不如左旋眯唑好,两者比较,有显著差异,(U=7.45P<0.001)。     

地诺前列酮栓剂用于足月妊娠促宫颈成熟和引产的临床评价

目的：观察地诺前列酮栓促宫颈成熟和引产的临床效果及其安全性。方法：采用随机对照研究的方法,对120例无阴道分娩禁忌,宫颈Bishop评分〈6分的孕妇随机分为研究组和对照组,每组60例,研究组采用阴道内使用地诺前列酮,对照组采用静脉滴注小剂量缩宫素。比较两组产妇宫颈Bishop评分、分娩情况以及对胎儿、新生儿的影响。结果：①研究组产妇给药后12 h宫颈Bishop评分增加≥2分的有13例,占21.67%,≥3分的有43例,占71.67%,而对照组分别为7例（11.67%）和26例（43.33%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。②研究组引产成功率为95%,对照组为58.33%,研究组临产率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。③研究组剖宫产率（26.67%）低于对照组（56.67%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。研究组有3例发生宫缩过强,2例出现细小过频宫缩,均未导致不良后果,无胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息发生。结论：地诺前列酮促宫颈成熟效果明显,优于缩宫素,它是一种有效、安全和方便的促宫颈成熟和引产的药物。     

三烯高诺酮的生殖生物学活性

以小鼠子宫重量法、兔子宫内膜转化实验及大鼠附性器官法研究三烯高诺酮的生殖生物学活性。结果表明：本品具有一定的孕激素活性和较弱的雌激素、雄激素活性；在雌二醇或孕酮存在条件下，表现出一定搞雌激素或抗孕激素作用。     

醋高诺酮肟的合成及其顺,反式异构体的分离

本文对文献报道的醋高诺酮肟的多种合成方法进行了比较。设计更简单的合成方法，合成了醋高诺酮肟。在合成方法及合成的总收率上均较文献报道为优，合成所得的醋高诺酮肟经柱层析分离，提纯得到了顺、反式的醋高诺酮肟。     

地诺前列酮栓与催产素促进宫颈成熟和引产的临床疗效比较

目的探讨地诺前列酮栓在妊娠晚期促宫颈成熟和引产的临床效果及安全性。方法将106例妊娠晚期无阴道分娩禁忌、单胎头位待产的孕妇按对照研究的方法随机分为组,试验组50例,将地诺前列酮栓1枚放置于阴道后穹窿处;对照组56例,静滴小剂量催产素。比较两组在用药前及用药后6、12h的宫颈BISHOP评分、临产情况、剖宫产率、对胎儿及新生儿的影响。结果试验组宫颈Bishop评分40例提高2分,而对照组仅22例提高≥2分,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。试验组从给药到临产时间为（8．85±7．05）h,对照组为（18．84±10．58）h,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。试验组剖宫产率25％,对照组57％;两组新生儿结局比较差异无统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论地诺前列酮栓是一种安全有效的促宫颈成熟和引产的药物,对母儿无明显不良影响。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.