昆明地区儿童G6PD缺乏症临床检测

目的对在我院分娩的新生儿及住院儿童(共5715例)其中男3045人,女2670人,进行G6PD缺乏症筛查.方法采用G6PD/6PGD比值法.结果 144例G6PD阳性,男93人,女51人.男性G6PD缺乏症发生率3.05%,女性发生率为 1.91%.结论广泛开展G6PD缺乏症筛查工作,可使临床医生对G6PD缺乏症有进一步的认识 ,并对患者进行必要的处理,以及在今后的临床用药上起着指导作用.     

7488例育龄人群G6PD缺乏症检查结果分析

目的了解广东地区G6PD缺乏症的发病情况.方法用G6PD/6PGD比值法.对7488例育龄人群进行了红细胞葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症临床检测.结果在7488例受检者中,共检出G6PD缺乏者488例,发生率为6.52%.结论广东是G6PD缺乏症的高发区,应在全省各地普及推广G6PD缺乏的大人群筛查,尤其是育龄人群的筛查.     

重庆地区G6PD缺乏症的产前筛查结果分析

目的建立适合于G6PD缺乏症的产前筛查方法 ,了解G6PD缺乏症的发病情况。方法应用荧光斑点法（FST）和G6PD/6PGD比值法检测1500对孕妇夫妇G6PD活性。结果 FST检出男性G6PD缺乏阳性64例,阳性率4.27%;女性59例,阳性率3.93%。男女之间G6PD缺乏程度差异非常显著（χ^2=107.62,P〈0.01）。比值法检出男性G6PD缺乏阳性64例,阳性率4.27%;女性49例,阳性率3.77%,男女G6PD缺乏者之间的酶活性差异非常显著（χ^2=97.70,P〈0.01）。两种方法的符合率男性为100%,女性为83.1%,总符合率为91.9%,FST和比值法的检出率无差异（P〉0.05）。结论 FST法具有高的敏感性、特异性和准确性,方法简便、快捷、费用低廉,同时利用比值法进行确诊,结合两法的结果综合判断,可减少假阳性及假阴性,有利于早期诊断和防治G6PD缺乏症所致的急性溶血。     

东莞地区2399例育龄夫妇G6PD缺乏症的筛查结果分析

目的了解东莞地区葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺乏症的发病情况。方法用G6PD/6PGD定量比值法对2399例新婚对象进行红细胞G6PD缺乏的临床检测。结果在2399例受检者中,G6PD缺乏者99例,发生率为4.13%（99/2399）。男性51例,占男性受检人数的4.57%（51/1117）;女性48例,占女性受检人数的3.74%（48/1282）。结论东莞地区是G6PD缺乏症的高发区,应在全市各地普及推广G6PD的大人群筛查,尤其是育龄夫妇的筛查。     

9236例育龄人群G6PD缺乏症检测结果分析

目的了解江门市区G6PD缺乏症的发病情况,为优生优育、减小出生缺陷,提高出生人口素质提供科学依据。方法先用G6PDH酶法在育龄人群中进行筛查,低于正常值的,用G6PD／6PGD比值法进行确诊。结果在9236 例受检人群中,共检出G6PD缺乏症519例,发生率为5．61％。结果江门市是G6PD缺乏症的高发地区,应在全市各地积极推广G6PD缺乏症的育龄人群筛查。     

斗门地区育龄人群G6PD缺乏症检测结果分析

目的了解珠海市斗门区红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺乏症的发病情况,为优生优育、减少出生缺陷,提高出生人口素质提供科学依据。方法先用G6PDH酶法在育龄人群中进行筛查,低于正常值的,用G6PD/6PGD比值法进行确诊。结果在1023例受检人群中,共检出G6PD缺乏症60例,G6PD缺乏症发生率为5.86%。结论斗门地区是G6PD缺乏症的高发地区,在婚前和产前的育龄人群进行G6PD缺乏症筛查,并进行优生优育的科学指导,是避免新生儿因G6PD缺乏引起严重溶血的有效途径。     

江门市新生儿G6PD缺乏症基因频率

目的了解江门市区新生儿G6PD缺乏症基因频率.方法应用G6PD/6PGD比值法.结果 6312名新生儿(其中男婴3309人,女婴3003人)检出G6PD缺乏症305人,其中男婴183人,女婴122人,G6PD缺乏症基因频率为0.0553.结论江门市新生儿G6PD缺乏症发生率较高,应在新生儿进行常规筛查,以预防因G6PD缺乏而带来一系列疾病.     

G6PD／6PGD定量比值法检测新生儿女性杂合子的临床分析

目的探讨G6PD／6PGD定量比值法检测女性杂合子的临床意义。方法使用G6PD／6PGD定量比值法对广西医科大学第四附属医院2005年1月至2008年1月出生的4124名新生儿的脐血进行G6PD缺乏症检测。结果女性杂合子检出率占估计值18．09％。结论G6PD／6PGD定量比值法在检测女性杂合子中的实际检出率低，容易造成大部分杂合子女性漏诊，对一级亲属中有G6PD缺乏者的高危女性应提高其防范意识，减少G6PD缺乏症对新生儿的危害。     

新生儿G6PD缺乏症筛查及遗传咨询措施的研究

目的新生儿G6PD缺乏症筛查,计算发病率、基因频率,患儿治疗及遗传咨询。方法筛查用荧光分辨法,确诊用G6PD/6PGD比值测定法。结果2007年10月至2008年10月对我院新出生的9842例新生儿进行了G6PD缺乏症筛查,男性5286例,女性4556例,共检出确诊病例18例。发病率为1.83‰(18/9842),其中男性发病16例,为1.63‰(16/9842),女性2例,为0.2‰(2/9842)。男女比例8∶1。G6PD缺乏症基因频率为0.00303(16/5286)。18例病儿中,祖籍为上海浦东人,发病3例,占16.67%(3/18),祖籍为外地人口发生15例,占83.33%(15/18)。     

深圳市户籍育龄人群G6PD缺乏症筛查结果分析

目的通过对新兴移民城市——深圳的户籍育龄人群葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺乏症筛查结果的分析,了解深圳地区户籍育龄人群中G6PD缺乏症男性与女性的比例;探讨我国部分省份育龄人群G6PD缺乏症基因携带率。方法应用G6PD/6PGD定量比值法,对3586例（男女各1793例）来自下列省的深圳户籍育龄夫妇的G6PD缺乏症筛查结果进行了分析比较。结果各省育龄人群G6PD缺乏症携带率分别为广东7.32%,广西6.45%;福建3.70%;江西2.75%;湖南2.12%;四川（含重庆）2.26%;湖北1.19%;河南0.65%;陕西0.55%;而在江浙（江苏、浙江合起来）、安徽、山东、河北籍贯的深圳户籍育龄人群中未筛查出G6PD缺乏症。1793例育龄女性中检出G6PD缺乏症42人,1793例男性中检出G6PD缺乏症63人,男性多于女性,男女比例为1.50∶1。结论为预防G6PD缺乏症提供有效依据,提高预防意识,减轻本病对新生儿的危害,提高出生人口质量。     

Substance P-like immunoreactivity in nerves associated with the vascular system of guinea-pigs

Substance P-like immunoreactivity was localized by an indirect immunohistochemical technique in whole mounts and sections of blood vessels from the guinea-pig. There was a widespread association of nerve fibres that had substance P-like immunoreactivity with blood vessels, extending into all vascular beds. The relative densities of supply of different vessels were assessed visually and a rating scale used to compare them. Large elastic arteries close to the heart had dense networks of immunoreactive nerves associated with them. The density decreased as more peripheral beds were approached, except that there was a particularly dense network of nerves with arteries of the splanchnic beds. Arteries to myocardial, central nervous system, renal, reproductive and skeletal muscle beds all had substance P-immunoreactive nerves associated with them to varying extents. The venae cavae near the heart were densely supplied, but there were few fibres with their more peripheral extensions. Some large veins (e.g. pulmonary, hepatic portal and superior mesenteric) had a few fibres with them, but veins of peripheral vascular beds had very few or no immunoreactive nerve fibres. Substance P-like immunoreactivity in vascular nerves was markedly reduced in guinea-pigs that were injected with capsaicin but was unaffected by the injection of 6-hydroxydopamine. It is concluded that the vascular substance P-immunoreactive nerves are likely to be of sensory origin.     

Interaction between noradrenergic and cholinergic systems in the rat brain: behavioural function in locomotor activity.

Anticholinergic drugs such as scopolamine and atropine induce a mild locomotor stimulation when given intraperitoneally to rats. This effect is usually ascribed to interaction between dopaminergic and cholinergic transmission in the striatum or nucleus accumbens. However, an interaction of acetylcholine with noradrenergic systems is also apparent from biochemical data and the results reported here indicate that at least part of the locomotor activity induced by scopolamine or atropine involves a noradrenergic component. Depletion of forebrain noradrenaline by injection of 4 μg of the selective neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine into the dorsal bundle was found to potentiate the locomotor activation induced by various doses of scopolamine or atropine. This was a central effect since methylscopolamine, which does not pass the blood-brain barrier, failed to induce locomotor activity and was not affected by the noradrenergic lesion. The noradrenergic interaction was restricted to cholinergic drugs since locomotor activity induced by the indirect dopamine agonist amphetamine was not affected by noradrenaline depletion.These studies show that the interaction between noradrenergic and cholinergic transmission, which has previously been indicated by biochemical analysis, influences behaviour and they also cast some light on the functions of the central noradrenergic system itself.     

Action of dopamine agonists on parkinson-like muscle rigidity induced by 6-aminonicotinamide.

In rats, 6-aminonicotinamide and reserpine induce a Parkinson-like persisting or transient muscular rigidity which was registered electromyographically as spontaneous permanent activity in the gastrocnemic muscle. Seven days after application of 6-aminonicotinamide this pathological finding is already fully developed. At the same time a clear decrease in dopamine concentration in the dopamine-rich striatum and a significant slow-down in the utilization of this transmitter is found. The concentration and utilization of noradrenaline in the diencephalon are unchanged.Both on the 6-aminonicotinamide and on the reserpine model, dose response relations for two dopamine agonists (lisuride and α-bromocriptine) were established by means of electromyography. In both models lisuride was fifty times more effective than α-bromocriptine in reducing the elevated electrical activity. In the 6-aminonicotinamide model, however, 10-fold higher doses of both substances were required to reduce the initial pathological effect by half.The dopamine deficit in the striatum and the effects of l-DOPA and dopamine agonists on the 6-aminonicotinamide-induced muscular rigidity imply that the antimetabolite produces a Parkinson-like syndrome.     

The Mer receptor tyrosine kinase is expressed on discrete macrophage subpopulations and mainly uses Gas6 as its ligand for uptake of apoptotic cells

The Mer receptor tyrosine kinase is both an important mediator of apoptotic cell phagocytosis and a regulator of macrophage and DC cytokine production. Since phenotypically distinguishable macrophages are known to have different functions, we have examined Mer expression of murine splenic macrophages. We also used serum deficient in the Mer ligand, growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) to define better the role of this Mer ligand in macrophage function. By immunofluorescence staining, we found Mer to be strongly expressed in splenic red pulp, largely on platelets. We also found Mer expression on marginal zone macrophages. Strikingly, all tingible body macrophages bore Mer. In functional phagocytosis assays of apoptotic cells, Gas6 appeared to be the sole ligand for Mer, and this system accounted for about 30% of splenic macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Taken together, the expression pattern of Mer on macrophage subpopulations in the spleen and its Gas6-dependent role in macrophage phagocytosis suggest an important role for Mer in the modulation of immune responses.     

荧光测定法定量测定滤纸片干血斑标本G6PD酶活性的可靠性分析

目的探讨荧光测定法测定滤纸片干血斑标本G6PD酶活性的可靠性。方法随机选取43例门诊孕前咨询者为检测对象,每人采集2ml静脉血抗凝保存同时制备滤纸片干血斑标本。采用G6PD/6PGD比值法测定抗凝血G6PD/6PGD比值,同时采用荧光测定法定量测定滤纸片干血斑标本G6PD酶活性,比较两种方法测定结果。结果荧光测定法检测43份滤纸片干血斑标本,检出1例缺乏（1.57 IU/gHb）;比值法检测43份抗凝血标本,检出1例缺乏（0.76）;两种方法符合率为100%。结论荧光测定法定量测定G6PD酶活性准确性高、简单、快捷、费用低廉,可对滤纸片干血斑标本进行G6PD缺乏症的大规模筛查,适于在G6PD缺乏高发区推广应用。     

小鼠白细胞介素6的cDNA克隆及其在昆虫细胞中的表达

本文采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术从ＬＰＳ刺激后的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，扩增小鼠ＩＬ－６ｃＤＮＡ，并克隆构建ｐＧＥＭ－３Ｚｆ（＋）ＩＬ－６质粒，继将小鼠所得ｃＤＮＡ克隆到ｐＶＬ１３９２载体上，利用杆状病毒ＡｃＮＰＶ表达系统在Ｓｆ９中进行瞬间表达，用ＩＬ－６依赖细胞株ＭＨ６０·ＢＳＦ２检测其表达活性，结果表明，感染后４８ｈ后就具有明显ＩＬ－６表达，由此可见，利用该系统可成功地表达小鼠ＩＬ－６基因。     

The KSHV viral interleukin-6 is not essential for latency or lytic replication in BJAB cells

Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus encodes a homolog of the human cellular interleukin-6 that may play a formative role in many KSHV-related diseases. While the viral IL-6 can signal similarly to its human counterpart little is known about the role of vIL-6 during KSHV infection. Using homologous recombination and selection in eukaryotic cells, a KSHV isolate was purified that does not express vIL-6 as was a control recombinant that left vIL-6 intact. The two viruses establish and maintain latency to similar levels in BJAB B-cells, reactivate to similar levels in B-cells and Monkey kidney cells and have very similar KSHV gene expression patterns. BJAB cells expressing KSHV survive better than the parental BJAB cells in low serum and the vIL-6 deletion does not abrogate this growth advantage. Thus vIL-6 is not essential for establishment, maintenance, or reactivation from latency in cell culture and is not involved in the survival of infected BJAB B-cells in low serum.     

Peculiar cells notable for very high activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the mammalian medulla oblongata. A histochemical and electron microscopic study.

Following the histochemical reaction for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, extremely heavy staining has been observed in tiny structures sparsely distributed in a restricted area of the medulla oblongata in rat, rabbit and man. In rat, these elements of the nervous tissue have been precisely localized and studied with the electron microscope. They occupy a part of the territory of the nuclei of the dorsal spinal tracts. The stained structures have been identified as small perikarya and fiberlike profiles without nuclei. Both contain highly developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum connected by intracellular vacuoles. The cells are considered to be specific neurons with short axons. Features common to these neurons and steroid producing cells are discussed.