Glycogenic hepatopathy is an under‐recognised cause of hepatomegaly and elevated liver transaminases in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Glycogenic hepatopathy (GH) is an under‐recognised complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) not controlled to target resulting in hepatomegaly and elevated liver transaminases. We report the case of a 19‐year‐old man with T1DM not controlled to target who presented with abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and deranged liver transaminases. He was subsequently diagnosed with GH on liver biopsy, with the mainstay of treatment being reduction in caloric intake and insulin.     

Post-partum recurrent sarcoidosis associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Immunologic abnormalities observed in sarcoidosis may suggest a link between this affection and autoimmune endocrine diseases. Indeed a high frequency of autoimmune thyro?d diseases is observed in sarcoidosis. However association of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with sarcoidosis is rare. We report the case of a type 1 diabetic woman in whom clinical and biological signs of sarcoidosis appeared after her first pregnancy with a relapse in the post-partum period of a second pregnancy. Diagnosis of sarcoidosis was established on characteristic cutaneous, articular and pulmonary manifestations associated with elevated plasma levels of angiotensin converting enzyme. From this case, association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and sarcoidosis has been discussed as well as reciprocal relationship between sarcoidosis and pregnancy. Since familial history of sarcoidosis was present in this case, familial aspects of sarcoidosis have also been reviewed.     

Minimal change disease associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

A 19-year-old female with type 1 diabetes for four years, and a 73-year-old female with type 2 diabetes for twenty years developed sudden-onset nephrotic syndrome. Examination by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy (in one case) identified minimal change disease (MCD) in both cases. There was a potential causative drug (meloxicam) for the 73-year-old patient. Both patients were treated with prednisone and responded with complete remission. The patient with type 1 diabetes showed complete remission without relapse, and the patient with type 2 diabetes had two relapses; complete remission was sustained after associated treatment with cyclophosphamide and prednisone. Both patients had two years of follow-up evaluation after remission. We discuss the outcomes of both patients and emphasize the role of kidney biopsy in diabetic patients with an atypical proteinuric clinical course, because patients with MCD clearly respond to corticotherapy alone or in conjunction with other immunosuppressive agents.     

Factors associated with microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

In order to determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in people with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Type 1 DM) and identify factors associated with microalbuminuria, we studied 312 Type 1 DM patients attending in three hospitals in two Spanish regions over 6 months. Clinical characteristics, micro- and macro-vascular complications, blood pressure, 24-h urine albumin excretion, lipid profile, HbA1(c) levels, smoking habits, and family history of hypertension and diabetic nephropathy were recorded. Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were used to examine associations between these variables and the prevalence of microalbuminuria. We detected microalbuminuria in 29% of the patients. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was high during the second decade of diabetes and declined thereafter. Univariate analysis showed dyslipidaemia (P<0. 002), previously diagnosed hypertension (P<0.001), family history of hypertension (sibling alone P<0.006; mother alone P<0.05), family history of diabetic nephropathy (P<0.001), and laser-treated retinopathy (P<0.03) to be factors associated with the presence of microalbuminuria. Multiple logistic regression revealed an association between microalbuminuria and family history of nephropathy (OR 7.6, 3.6-16). In conclusion, in our sample the frequency of microalbuminuria seems to be related to the presence of dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and to a family history of hypertension or nephropathy.     

Hematological profile associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background

Hematological changes affecting blood cells and the coagulation factors are shown to be associated with diabetes mellitus. We investigated some of the hematological risk factors implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Bone damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus

This review focuses on the mechanisms determining bone fragility in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite bone mineral density (BMD) is usually normal or more often increased in these patients, fracture incidence is high, probably because of altered bone ”quality”. The latter seems to depend on several, only partly elucidated, mechanisms, such as the increased skeletal content of advanced glycation end-products causing collagen deterioration, the altered differentiation of bone osteogenic cells, the altered bone turnover and micro-architecture. Disease duration, its severity and metabolic control, the type of therapy, the presence or absence of complications, as like as the other known predictors for falls, are all relevant contributing factors affecting fracture risk in T2DM. In these patients the estimate of fracture risk in the everyday clinical practice may be challenging, due to the lower predictive capacity of both BMD and risk factors-based algorithms (e.g. FRAX).     

Left atrial diameter is associated with target organ damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries - This paper aims to investigate whether there is a relationship between left atrial diameter (LAD) and target organ damage (TOD) in...     

2型糖尿病脂肪肝的筛查及相关因素分析

目的　探讨2 型糖尿病(T2DM)伴脂肪肝的患病率与相关因素。　方法　对400 例T2DM患者进行临床、生化、瘦素、C肽与肝脏超声检查。　结果　T2DM患者脂肪肝的患病率为46%,该组的体质指数(BMI)、舒张压显著高于无脂肪肝组(P<0.05),甘油三酯(TG)、1 h与2 h C肽、瘦素水平显著高于无脂肪肝组(P<0.01);Logistic逐步回归分析显示1 h C肽、瘦素、TG水平升高,与脂肪肝的发生呈正相关关系。　结论　T2DM患者脂肪肝患病率明显升高,且与BMI、TG、C肽、瘦素水平呈正相关。     

Cystic lymphangioma associated with enteric duplication as a cause of recurrent vomiting

We describe a case report of a 6-year-old boy with a 4-year history of recurrent vomiting with a cyclical vomiting pattern. Although initially labelled with and treated for Cyclical Vomiting Syndrome the cause was subsequently found to be an enteric duplication associated with cystic lymphangioma, an association not previously described.     

Hepatocellular carcinoma as a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Japanese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Journal of Gastroenterology - We reported a cross-sectional study on causes of liver injury in Japanese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients (JG 2013). We assessed overall and cause-specific...