准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术术前角膜厚度对术中角膜瓣厚度的影响

目的探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK）术前角膜厚度对术中角膜瓣厚度的影响。方法回顾性分析行双眼LASIK手术的患者150例（300眼）,按手术前角膜厚度分为四组：Ⅰ组36例,术前角膜厚度为（483.00±35.60）μm;Ⅱ组39例,术前角膜厚度为（516.00±36.33）μm;Ⅲ组36例,术前角膜厚度为（546.00±36.23）μm;Ⅳ组39例,术前角膜厚度为（579.00±37.30）μm。应用法国MoriaM2显微角膜刀制作角膜瓣,预期制作角膜瓣厚度160μm,每位患者用同一角膜刀制作双眼角膜瓣,手术顺序为先右眼后左眼。由MICKOPACH200P＋（SonomedInc.）超声测厚仪测量术前角膜厚度及术中激光切削前角膜瓣下基质厚度,角膜瓣厚度为术前角膜厚度减去术中激光切削前角膜瓣下基质厚度。对角膜瓣厚度进行统计学分析（方差分析和相关分析）。结果①角膜瓣厚度波动范围为79186μm,平均为（138.05±21.37）μm,角膜瓣厚度与术前角膜厚度呈正相关（r=0.710,P〈0.01）。②角膜瓣厚度与法 国Mo-riaM2显微角膜刀制作角膜瓣标识值（160μm）差异有显著的统计学意义（t=116.60,P〈0.01）,角膜瓣厚度比标识值薄。结论①角膜厚度影响角膜瓣厚度变化,两者呈正相关,手术前角膜越厚,角膜瓣越厚。②本研究所测得的角膜瓣厚度比预期值薄,角膜瓣厚度在一定范围内变化。     

两种显微角膜板层刀制作角膜瓣厚度的对比分析

目的:对Hansatome自动旋转式显微角膜刀及AmadeusⅡ自动平推式显微角膜刀制作准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)角膜瓣厚度进行对比分析。方法:对来我院行LASIK的患者50例100眼,随机分成两组,一组用Hansatome显微角膜刀160μm刀头制作角膜瓣,另一组用AmadeusⅡ显微角膜刀140μm刀头制作角膜瓣。对所有患者进行术前中央角膜厚度测量及术中角膜基质床厚度测量,从而计算角膜瓣厚度。所有的患者均先行右眼手术再行左眼。对两组患者实际切削的角膜瓣厚度进行对比,同时对两种显微角膜板层刀制作角膜瓣厚度左右眼之间进行对比分析。结果:Hansatome组实际角膜瓣厚度67～158(平均98.70±18.04)μm;AmadeusⅡ组实际角膜瓣厚度69～171(平均110.60±16.47)μm,两种角膜刀制作角膜瓣厚度差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。Hansatome组右眼104.40±18.78μm,左眼93.00±15.61μm,两眼角膜瓣厚度差异有统计学意义(P=0.01);AmadeusⅡ组右眼115.12±18.74μm,左眼105.20±12.29μm,P=0.024,患者左眼角膜瓣均比右眼要薄,差异有统计学意义。结论:在LASIK术中角膜板层刀制作的角膜瓣厚度与预计值有一定的偏差,术中测量角膜瓣厚度有重要的参考价值。     

LASIK角膜瓣厚度与中央角膜曲率的关系

目的探讨平均角膜中央曲率与所制角膜瓣厚度之间的关系。方法对19例(38只眼)近视患者术前行眼前节分析仪及A超仪检查测得中央角膜曲率及中央角膜厚度,采用HANSTOME 160μm微型角膜板层刀、直径8.5cm吸附环,制作角膜瓣后,掀开角膜瓣,测量基质床中央角膜厚度,即得到所制角膜瓣厚度,所有患者手术先做右眼后做左眼。结果中央区最大角膜曲率(K_1)均值为44.3875D,中央区最小角膜曲率(K_2)为43.225D,角膜中央厚度为(529±16.1)μm,角膜瓣厚度为：右眼(112.33±8.2)μm,左眼(100.889±3.1)μm,平均角膜基质床厚度：右眼(402.5±12.1)μm,左眼(415.22±14.7)μm。平均中央角膜曲率、角膜中央厚度分别与角膜瓣厚度值经统计学处理,均P＞0.05,而右眼与左眼角膜瓣厚度差,P＜0.05,右眼角膜瓣厚度大于左眼。结论平均中央角膜曲率与角膜瓣厚度之间无相关。右眼与左眼的角膜瓣厚度之间均有差异性,提示中央角膜曲率不是影响角膜瓣厚度的因素;左眼中央角膜厚度比右眼厚时可考虑先行左眼角膜瓣的制作,以尽可能保留更多的角膜基质床。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后角膜瓣丢失1例

患者男性,20岁,于2008年7月在我院行准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术手术.术前查屈光度：右眼-4.75 DS-0.75 DC×16°→1.0;左眼-5.0 DS-0.5 DC×159°→1.0.角膜厚度：右眼575μm,左眼582μm.角膜曲率：右眼K1 40.5 D,K2 39.4 D,左眼K1 40.9 D,K2 40.3 D.手术使用博士伦Z217型准分子激光治疗仪,采用Hansatome角膜板层刀制作角膜瓣,角膜瓣厚度110μm,蒂位于角膜上方,患者手术一切顺利,无游离角膜瓣及其他瓣的并发症.     

应用眼前节相干光断层扫描仪测量机械板层角膜刀所制准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术后的角膜瓣厚度

目的 探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)中使用不同厚度的微型板层角膜刀(90、110、130刀头)制作角膜瓣的可预测性、均匀性及其影响因素.方法 对照病例研究.选择LASIK术后87例(174只眼)患者,其中手术中使用MoriaⅡ微型角膜刀90刀头组26例(52只眼),110刀头组29例(58只眼),130刀头组32例(64只眼).应用眼前节相干光断层扫描仪(OCT)测量患者角膜上0.、45.、90.及135.共4条子午线所在截面的角膜瓣厚度,先在每条子午线所在截面选取5个点,再于每个角膜瓣上测量20个点的角膜瓣厚度.3种刀头所制角膜瓣偏差情况采用线性混合效应模型分析,以P＜0.05作为差异有统计学意义.结果 MoriaⅡ微型角膜刀90、110、130刀头组制作的角膜瓣中央区厚度均值分别为(119.23±15.65)、(140.42±12.26)及(165.92±17.00)μm.3种刀头所制角膜瓣皆为中间薄、周边厚,形状近似一凹透镜.其中角膜瓣中央部厚度变异小,而旁中央和周边部厚度变异较大,差异有统计学意义(F=212.419,P＜0.05).右眼角膜瓣厚度均值(19.58±0.44)μm,高于左眼(16.55±0.44)μm;入刀侧角膜瓣厚度差值均值(21.30±0.55)μm,高于出刀侧差值均值(14.36±0.64)μm,差异均有统计学意义(F=25.341,44.461;P＜0.05).结论 3种刀头所制角膜瓣中央区厚度预测性均较好.角膜瓣厚度并非均匀一致,预计值越厚的角膜瓣其厚度变异越大,因手术顺序所致右眼角膜瓣比左眼角膜瓣厚,入刀侧角膜瓣厚于出刀侧角膜瓣.     

两种微型角膜板层刀在准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术的效果比较

目的对MoriaM2130型(以下简称M2)一次性微型角膜刀头(自带刀片)与微型角膜刀片的角膜瓣制作效果进行比较。方法59例准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)手术患者(113眼),随机使用两种刀来制作角膜瓣,记录角膜瓣直径、蒂长,术后应用共焦显微镜测量瓣厚,记录术中和术后的并发症,对结果作统计分析比较。结果使用M2一次性刀头与M2刀片时,制作的角膜瓣平均厚度分别为(139.35±19.07)μm、(126.92±11.50)μm(t=4.096,P<0.01)。同一患者双眼使用同一把刀,两眼角膜瓣厚度无明显差异。术中角膜瓣的制作均一次成功,无严重并发症。结论M2型一次性刀头与刀片均具有安全性和稳定性。一次性刀头使用更方便,角膜瓣下干净,但角膜瓣厚度的平均值较高,标准误差较大。M2型刀片的角膜瓣制作效果相对稳定,但角膜瓣下残留相对多的金属颗粒。     

高度近视LASIK治疗中角膜瓣厚度的临床分析

目的分析高度近视LASIK治疗中,影响角膜瓣厚度的因素。方法40例(80只眼)屈光度为-7.00D~-9.00D的高度近视患者,运用MoriaM2板层刀制作角膜瓣,对角膜曲率不同、板层刀负压吸引力不同、M2刀片新旧不同进行分组,对术前、术后屈光度、视力及剩余角膜基质床厚度进行分析比较。结果Ⅰ组板层刀负压吸引力相同时角膜曲率不同,制作出的角膜厚度不同,两者有明显差异(P<0.05);Ⅱ组角膜曲率相同,板层刀负压吸引力不同,制作出的角膜瓣厚度不同,两者有明显差异(P<0.05);Ⅲ组板层刀片新旧不同,制作出角膜瓣的厚度不同,两者有明显差异(P<0.05);结论LASIK治疗高度近视时,对一个有经验的手术医生制作一个80~110μm的薄角膜瓣是合理的,能有效防止术后屈光回退和医源性圆锥角膜的发生。     

Moria M2微型角膜刀用常规刀片及Med—Logics 0号刀片制作LASIK角膜瓣的评估

背景角膜瓣的制作是准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术（LASIK）成功的关键步骤之一,随着微型角膜刀刀片技术的不断发展,其制作角膜瓣的精确性、均一性以及重现性已引起临床医师的广泛关注。目的比较MoriaM2微型角膜刀110刀头应用Med—Logics 0号刀片（110—0）及常规刀片（110）制作LASIK角膜瓣的特点。方法前瞻性研究。对近视患者102例204眼行LASIK,其中MoriaM2微型角膜刀110刀头应用Med—Logics0号刀片组（110—0组）及常规刀片组（110组）制作角膜瓣的患者各51例102眼。术后1周,应用RTVue傅里叶光学相干断层扫描（OCT）分别测量2组患者每个角膜上0°、45°、90°和135° 4条子午线所在截面上特定7个点的角膜瓣厚度,并对每个角膜瓣上28个测量点的角膜瓣厚度值进行对比分析。结果术后1周,110—0组和110组间裸眼视力和残余等效球镜度的差异均无统计学意义（视力：Z=-0．375,P=0．708;球镜度：u=0．056,P=0．956）。110—0组全角膜厚度为（133．28±15．41）μm,明显低于110组的（142．81±10．07）μm,差异有统计学意义（u=-5．227,P〈0．01）,并且110—0组与Moria公司提供的角膜瓣预期厚度值130μm更接近。2组制作的角膜瓣均为中间薄、周边厚,形状近似一凹透镜,并且2组右眼鼻侧和颞侧角膜瓣厚度比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;左眼鼻侧均明显厚于颞侧,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。110—0组与110组角膜瓣厚度值与预计厚度130μm的差值分别为（17．46±2．28）μm和（16．82±6．12）μm,差异无统计学意义（u=0．517,P=0．608）。结论与110组比较,110—0组角膜瓣的厚度更薄,全角膜瓣厚度平均值与Moria公司提供的角膜瓣预期厚度值130μm更接近,其角膜瓣的均一性和预测性相对更好一些。     

M2显微角膜刀同一刀片一次和二次切削对制作角膜瓣厚度的影响

目的测定角膜瓣厚度,分析比较两次切削对制作角膜瓣厚度的影响。方法双眼同时行近视准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)的患者50例,男性27例(54只眼),女性23例(46只眼)。使用M2自动旋转式130金属刀头显微角膜刀制作角膜瓣,术前、术中用A超角膜测厚仪进行角膜厚度测量并记录推算角膜瓣厚度,将所得数据分为第一次切削眼组和第二次切削眼组并进行统计学分析。结果两组角膜厚度无显著性差异(P＞0.05);刀片两次切削所制作的角膜瓣厚度有显著性差异(P＜0.05)。结论刀片的第二次切削所制作的角膜瓣厚度与第一次切削相比较,所制作的角膜瓣变薄。     

M2抛弃型显微角膜刀头制作角膜瓣可预测性分析

目的分析M2抛弃型130及90显微角膜刀头制作角膜瓣的可预测性。设计前瞻性随机对照临床试验。研究对象双眼同时行近视激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)的患者77例154眼(130刀头50例100眼,90刀头27例54眼)。方法使用M2抛弃型130及90显微角膜刀头制作LASIK角膜瓣,术中用A超角膜测厚仪进行角膜厚度测量,计算角膜瓣厚度。同时测量角膜基质床面的水平径及角膜瓣蒂宽度。主要指标角膜瓣厚度、角膜基质床面水平径、角膜瓣蒂宽度。结果130刀头组:右眼角膜瓣厚度为(161.1±13.6)μm;左眼角膜瓣厚度为(156.9±14.6)μm;两者差异有显著统计学意义(P=0.009)。右眼角膜瓣床面水平直径为(9.1±0.2)mm,蒂宽(5.2±0.5)mm;左眼角膜瓣床面水平直径为(9.1±0.2)mm,蒂宽(5.3±0.4)mm。90刀头组:右眼角膜瓣厚度为(130.9±14.9)μm;左眼(第二次切削)角膜瓣厚度为(123.4±12.5)μm;两者差异有显著统计学意义(P=0.0004)。右眼角膜瓣床面水平直径为(9.0±0.1)mm,蒂宽(5.0±0.3)mm;左眼角膜瓣床面水平直径为(8.9±0.2)mm,蒂宽(5.0±0.3)mm。结论M2抛弃型130及90显微角膜刀头制作的实际角膜瓣厚度大于预计(标称)值,个体间存在一定的可预测偏差,对于角膜瓣大小及角膜瓣蒂宽度具有良好的可预测性。     

Corneal flap thickness with the Moria M2™ microkeratome and Med‐Logics calibrated LASIK blades

Purpose: This study aimed to compare and study potential factors that affect the accuracy of corneal flap thickness created in laser‐assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using the Moria model 2 (M2?) head 130 microkeratome with the Med‐Logics calibrated LASIK blades Minus 20 (ML –20) and Minus 30 (ML –30). Methods: Corneal thickness in 200 (164 myopic and 36 hyperopic) eyes (100 patients) was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry preoperatively and intraoperatively after flap cutting. A total of 100 eyes were treated with the ML –20 and 100 with the ML –30. The right eye was operated before the left eye in each patient, using the same blade. In an additional group of 40 eyes, the left eye was operated first. Results: Mean corneal flap thickness using the ML –20 blade for an intended flap thickness of 140 μm was 129.1 μm (standard deviation [SD] 15.6, range 104–165 μm) in right eyes and 111.5 μm (SD 14.5, range 78–144 μm) in left eyes. Mean corneal flap thickness using the ML –30 blade for an intended flap thickness of 130 μm was 127.1 μm (SD 16.6, range 90–168 μm) in right eyes and 109.9 μm (SD 16.8, range 72–149 μm) in left eyes. Conclusions: Both microkeratome blade types cut thinner flaps than were intended. There was substantial variation in flap thickness. The first flap to be cut with a particular blade was considerably thicker than the second flap cut with the same blade. Based on these data, we recommend the use of disposable single‐use microkeratomes rather than these ML blades.     

Comparison of corneal flap thickness between primary eyes and fellow eyes using the Zyoptix XP microkeratome

PURPOSE: To evaluate corneal flap thickness created in myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using the Zyoptix XP 120 microkeratome (Bausch & Lomb). SETTING: University-based eye clinic. METHODS: Corneal thickness was measured preoperatively and intraoperatively after flap creation in 62 consecutive patients (124 eyes) who had LASIK for the correction of myopia. Corneal flap thickness was calculated by subtracting stromal bed thickness from total corneal thickness. In each patient, both corneas (right followed by left) were cut by 1 the same Zyoptix XP 120 microkeratome blade at the same session. RESULTS: The mean actual flap thickness was 115.34 microm +/- 16.34 (SD) in right eyes and 104.55 +/- 14.34 mum in left eyes. The mean actual flap thickness in right eyes was not statistically significantly different from the 120 microm proposed by the manufacturer (P = .142); however, the mean actual flap thickness in left eyes was statistically significantly different from the 120 microm (P<.001). The mean flap thickness in the second eye was also statistically significantly thinner than in the first eye (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: The corneal flaps were thinner than expected when a Zyoptix XP 120 microkeratome was used in LASIK. Although the first cuts produced thinner flaps, this difference was not statistically significant. However, the second cuts produced significantly thinner flaps.     

Accuracy and precision of the amadeus microkeratome in producing LASIK flaps

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy and precision of corneal flap thickness following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) performed using the 140-, 160-, and 180-microm heads for the Amadeus microkeratome (AMO, Irvine, CA). SETTING: The study took place at the Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston. METHODS: In this prospective study, using the Amadeus microkeratome, LASIK flaps were cut in 51 right eyes and 50 left eyes with the 140-microm head, 25 right eyes and 25 left eyes with the 160-microm head, and five right eyes and one left eye with the 180-microm head. The same microkeratome blade was used for bilateral cases with the right eyes always undergoing surgery first. Eyes were grouped by order of blade use for statistical analysis. The effect of preoperative corneal thickness, keratometry values, blade oscillation and translation speeds, and blade reuse on flap thickness was evaluated. RESULTS: Mean flap thicknesses were 153 +/- 18 (range 97-187 microm) OD and 134 +/- 25 microm (range 79-174 microm) OS for the 140-microm head; 182 +/- 26 microm (range 105-220 microm) OD and 163 +/- 29 microm (range 105-216 microm) OS for the 160-microm head; and 235 +/- 24 microm (range 198-258 microm) for the 180-microm head. Flap thickness was significantly thicker for the first eyes cut (right eyes) and was positively correlated with increasing corneal thickness in both eyes. For the first eyes cut, flap thickness was also significantly thicker than the labeled thickness specified by the manufacturer. CONCLUSIONS: With the Amadeus microkeratome, LASIK flap thickness correlated with central corneal thickness for the 140-microm head. Reuse of the microkeratome blades produced significantly thinner LASIK flaps on second eyes cut.     

两种不同制瓣方式对LASIK术角膜瓣厚度的影响

目的:比较Ziemer LDV飞秒激光与Moria M2机械板层刀不同制瓣方式对LASIK术角膜瓣厚度的影响。 方法：选取近视患者100例200眼（近视度数-2.00~-12.00D,散光度数0.00 ~ -3.50D）,分别应用Ziemer LDV飞秒激光（设定角膜瓣切削厚度110μm）与Moria M2 （110刀头）微型角膜刀制作角膜瓣,各50例 100眼。术后1wk,应用眼前节RTVue FD-OCT 测量,每个角膜上 0°,45°,90°,135°四条子午线所在截面上中心点、距离中心1,2,3mm特定7个点（共计28个点）的角膜瓣厚度测量,并作分析比较。 结果:角膜瓣中央点厚度:Ziemer LDV飞秒激光组108.69±11.75μm,Moria M2 微型角膜刀组130.75±13.36μm,所有观测点（共28点）两组间有明显统计学差异（P<0.01）。角膜中心点厚度与预计值差值比较:Ziemer LDV飞秒激光组 9.70±6.84μm,Moria M2 微型角膜刀组 21.63±11.79μm。Ziemer LDV飞秒激光组预计值差值明显低于Moria M2 微型角膜刀组（t=17.493,P＜0.01）。Ziemer LDV飞秒激光组与Moria M2微型角膜刀组同一截面中各点角膜瓣厚度值差异有统计学差异（P<0.01）。 结论:角膜瓣制作方式相比,在角膜瓣的精确性、可预测性等方面 Ziemer LDV飞秒激光优于Moria M2 微型角膜刀。Ziemer LDV组与Moria M2 机械板层刀组都未表现角膜瓣厚度的均匀性。     

准分子激光手术不同制瓣方式角膜瓣厚度的研究

目的 评价和比较准分子激光手术不同方式制作角膜瓣厚度的预测性和均匀性以及短期变化.方法 选取3组准分子激光手术连续病例:准分子激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术(LASEK)组40例(80只眼),板层角膜刀准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)组78例(155只眼),飞秒激光LASIK组42例(82只眼).LASIK手术采用90μm Moria M_2自动旋转式微型角膜刀或Zeiss VisuMax 飞秒激光制作100 μm角膜瓣.采用眼前节光学相干断层(OCT)扫描系统,由同一检查医师于术后1h、1d、1周、1个月和3个月测量角膜上皮瓣或基质瓣厚度,采集水平子午线、垂直子午线、45°和135°子午线上距离角膜顶点1.5、2.5、3.5mm及角膜顶点共25个点的角膜瓣厚度.统计方法为t检验或方差分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 眼前节OCT测得角膜上皮瓣厚度:术后1h、1d、1周、1个月、3个月分别为(57.91±6.76)、(54.94±4.65)、(54.96±2.70)、(55.26±4.27)、(53.86±5.56)μm,差异有统计学意义(F-=20.25,P<0.05).板层角膜刀组角膜顶点处平均厚度为(129.16±12.10)μm,飞秒激光组为(112.69±5.12)μm,飞秒激光制瓣预测性优于板层角膜刀.板层角膜刀组和飞秒激光组实际瓣厚度与平均瓣厚度差值绝对值的均数分别为(13.16±4.78)μm和(5.26±1.21)μm,飞秒激光制瓣重复性优于板层角膜刀.角膜瓣厚度空间特征:板层角膜刀组角膜瓣呈现中央薄而周边厚的形态,飞秒激光组不同离心度位置角膜瓣厚度均匀一致,差异无统计学意义(F=1.08,P>0.05).结论 眼前节OCT是无创、简捷并可靠的角膜瓣形态检测手段.角膜瓣的眼前节OCT检查表明,飞秒激光制瓣比常规板层角膜刀在预测性和均匀性方面更有优势.     

Factors that affect corneal flap thickness with the Hansatome microkeratome

PURPOSE: To evaluate factors that influence corneal flap thickness with the Hansatome microkeratome. METHODS: One hundred thirty-two eyes of 70 patients underwent laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Corneal flap thickness was measured by subtracting the intraoperative corneal bed pachymetry measurement from intraoperative total corneal pachymetry. Variables examined included plate thickness, ring size, blade use, temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, age, average keratometric power, and preoperative corneal thickness. RESULTS: Mean flap thickness using a 180-microm plate was 143 +/- 19 microm (range 61 to 207 microm). Mean flap thickness using a 160-microm plate was 119 +/- 20 microm (range 83 to 159 microm). The difference was statistically significant (P < .05). Mean flap thickness using a 180-microm plate and the same blade on the right and left eye was 151 +/- 21 microm (range 113 to 200 microm) and 137 +/- 21 microm (range 91 to 191 microm), respectively. The 14-microm difference was statistically significant (P < .001). There was a slight negative correlation of flap thickness with humidity. There was a positive correlation with preoperative corneal thickness (pachymetry). CONCLUSION: The Hansatome tended to cut thinner flaps than anticipated based on the plate used. Flaps cut on the first eye were thicker than the second eye using the same blade. Thicker corneas tended to lead to thicker flaps. There was no correlation between flap thickness and microkeratome ring size, temperature, barometric pressure, patient age, or average keratometric power.