共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 500 毫秒
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目的 了解北京、天津、上海三城市老年护理机构出院临终患者的主要病种、多发病种,探讨我国城市老年护理机构临终关怀服务的重点.方法 运用帕累托图分析2005至2007年北京、天津、上海22所老年护理机构出院临终患者疾病构成情况.结果 心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、晚期恶性肿瘤、老年衰竭的累计构成占老年护理机构出院临终病例疾病构成的95%以上.结论 我国城市老年护理机构出院临终病例疾病病种相对比较集中,特别是心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、晚期恶性肿瘤、老年衰竭等应作为老年护理机构临终关怀服务的重点. 相似文献
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目的探索适合中国城市社区的脑血管疾病预防与控制措施,并评价其效果.
方法按类试验设计,于 1991年在北京、上海和长沙 3城市各选取 10万社区人群,开展我国社区人群脑血管病危险因素综合性干预试验.各城市再随机分为干预和对照社区各
5万人,使得两社区框架人群年龄性别构成相似."九五"期间(
1996- 2000),在 3城市干预社区开展以健康教育为主的预防脑血管病综合性干预措施,按类试验设计评价其对社区人群知识、态度和行为水平的影响.
结果干预后 3地人群和高血压人群 KAB水平均分分别净提高
6.01(Z=9.36,P< 0.01)和 6.12(Z=5.96,P< 0.01)分,均有统计学差异.高血压人群的
3个月以内测压及规律服药人数比例干预后分别净提高 9.65 % (Z=2.49,
P< 0.05)和 7.33 % (Z=1.94, P >0.05),前者有统计学差异. 结论健康教育能提高人群预防脑血管病知识、态度和行为水平,对预防脑血管病具有重要的意义,并且尤为适合我国城市社区. 相似文献
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Nzechukwu M. Isiozor Setor K. Kunutsor Ari Voutilainen Sudhir Kurl Jussi Kauhanen Jari A. Laukkanen 《Annals of medicine》2013,45(5-6):306-313
AbstractBackground: The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prompted the American Heart Association to develop a cardiovascular health (CVH) metric as a measure to assess the cardiovascular status of the population. We aimed to assess the association between CVH scores and the risk of CVD mortality among a middle-aged Finnish population.Methods: We employed the prospective population-based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease cohort study comprising of middle-aged men (42–60 years). CVH scores were computed among 2607 participants at baseline and categorized as optimum (0–4), average (5–9), or inadequate (10–14) CVH. Multivariate cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CVH score for cardiovascular mortality.Results: During a median follow-up period of 25.8 years, 609 CVD mortality cases were recorded. The risk of CVD mortality increased gradually with increasing CVH score across the range 3–14 (p-value for non-linearity =.77). Men with optimum CVH score had HR (95% CI) for CVD mortality of 0.30 (CI 0.21 – 0.42, p?<?.0001) compared to those with inadequate CVH score after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors.Conclusions: CVH score was strongly and continuously associated with the risk of CVD mortality among middle-aged Finnish population and this was independent of other conventional risk factors.
- Key messages
Achieving optimum cardiovascular health score reduces the risk of cardiovascular mortality.
Adopting the American Heart Association’s cardiovascular health metrics is a welcome approach for public health awareness and monitoring of cardiovascular health among Scandinavian population.
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《Mayo Clinic proceedings. Mayo Clinic》2022,97(1):46-56
ObjectiveTo assess cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk factors and their association with sociodemographic characteristics and health beliefs among African American (AA) adults in Minnesota.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted of a community-based sample of AA adults enrolled in the Minnesota Heart Health Program Ask About Aspirin study from May 2019 to September 2019. Sociodemographic characteristics, health beliefs, and self-reported CVD and CVD risk factors were collected. Prevalence ratio (PR) estimates were calculated using Poisson regression modeling to assess the association between participants’ characteristics and age- and sex-adjusted CVD risk factors.ResultsThe sample included 644 individuals (64% [412] women) with a mean age of 61 years. Risk factors for CVD were common: hypertension (67% [434]), hyperlipidemia (47% [301]), diabetes (34% [219]), and current cigarette smoking (25% [163]); 19% (119) had CVD. Those with greater perceived CVD risk had a higher likelihood of prevalent hyperlipidemia (PR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.57), diabetes (PR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.30 to 1.98), and CVD (PR 1.61; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.23) compared with those with lower perceived risk. Trust in health care provider was high (83% [535]) but was not associated with CVD or CVD risk factors.ConclusionIn this community sample of AAs in Minnesota, CVD risk factors were high, as was trust in health care providers. Those with greater CVD risk perceptions had higher CVD prevalence. Consideration of sociodemographic and psychosocial influences on CVD and CVD risk factors could inform development of effective cardiovascular health promotion interventions in the AA Minnesota community. 相似文献
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目的 分析天津市城乡居民心血管病危险因素水平和流行特征。方法 三阶段分层整群抽取全市代表性的样本量18岁4073人,进行入户的问卷调查、体格检查和血生化检测。结果 总胆固醇升高、高血压、糖代谢异常、吸烟和超重/肥胖是心血管病流行的危险因素,天津市城乡居民拥有1、2个危险因素的分别占69.2%和34.5%(高血压、糖代谢异常、吸烟和超重/肥胖)。年龄越高,拥有1、2个危险因素的风险越高。与0个心血管危险因素相比,拥有1、2个危险因素的人群男性风险分别是女性的2.54倍(95%CI:2.20~2.93)和3.02倍(95%CI:2.57~3.55);拥有1、2个危险因素的城市人口风险是农村人口的0.72倍(95%CI:0.63~0.83)和0.76倍(95%CI:0.66~0.89)。结论 天津市男性和农村人群应为心血管病危险因素综合防治的重点人群。 相似文献