采用钕钇铝──石榴石激光治疗牙本质敏感症的临床报告

本文采用钕钇铝——石榴石（Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ）牙科激光仪对２４９颗牙本质敏感症患牙进行激光照射治疗。总有效率达９３．５％），８～１４个月内无复发。表明这种方法对牙本质敏感症有显著、持久的疗效。     

两种参数设置的激光联合氟化物治疗牙本质敏感症的临床评价

目的比较两种不同参数设置的激光联合氟化物治疗牙本质敏感症的临床效果。方法 60例患者,270颗面磨耗导致牙本质敏感症的患牙,随机分为:Nd:YAG激光治疗(A组)、Er:YAG激光治疗(B组)和多乐氟组(C组),根据激光输出功率不同分为低功率组(A1、A2、B1、B2组),高功率组(A3、A4、B3、B4组),其中A2,A4、B2,B4组为激光与多乐氟联用。采用数字化疼痛评判法(visual analogue scale, VAS)记录其在治疗前、治疗后5 min、1周、1个月、3个月和6个月的牙齿敏感程度,并进行统计学分析。结果各实验组治疗前VAS评分差异无统计学意义;A4组疼痛降低86.9%,明显优于其他实验组(P<0.01);A2、A4组(疼痛分别降低76.9%、86.9%)疗效优于A1、A3组(疼痛分别降低66.6%、73.7%),A3疗效优于A1组(P<0.01);Er:YAG激光治疗组是否联合氟化物治疗或增加输出功率对疗效无明显影响(P>0.05);A1、B1组疼痛降低(66.6%、62%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A3、B3组仅在即刻(70...     

激光和脱敏剂治疗牙本质敏感症的临床疗效对比

目的对比Nd：YAG激光和Gluma脱敏剂治疗牙本质敏感症的临床疗效。方法 20例牙本质敏感症患者,两例对称的同名患牙分别随机分到激光组和Gluma组。激光组选用的参数为120 mJ,5 Hz,照射时间1 min,Gluma组药物涂擦时间为2 min。记录患者在治疗后即刻、术后1周、术后1个月对探针和气流刺激的视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale,VAS）。结果术后即刻激光组、Gluma组VAS分别为4.05±0.95、4.75±1.33（P〉0.05）,术后1周激光组、Gluma组VAS分别为3.10±0.91、3.70±1.03（P〉0.05）,提示短期内激光和Gluma对牙本质敏感症的疗效无差异。术后1个月激光组、Gluma组的VAS分别为2.35±0.75、3.20±0.83（P〈0.01）,提示随着时间延长,激光照射可以显著缓解患者的牙本质敏感症状。结论 Nd：YAG激光（120 mJ,5 Hz）照射1 min与脱敏剂Gluma涂擦2 min相比,脱敏效果1周内两者无差异,术后1个月疗效以激光为优。     

YAG激光治疗牙本质敏感症的疗效观察

目的：观察YAG激光治疗牙本质敏感症的疗效。方法：随机选择牙本质敏感症88例,共100对左右对称的同名牙,一侧采用激光脱敏,另侧采用药物脱敏,比较他们的疗效。结果：YAG激光治疗牙本质敏感症疗效明显超越药物脱敏,而且见效快,疗效维持时间长。结论：激光脱敏是目前较为理想的牙本质敏感症的治疗方法。     

Nd：YAG激光照射治疗牙本质敏感症的能量密度范围的离体牙研究

目的：探索Nd：YAG激光照射牙本质后,既能显著降低其通透性,又不引起表面形态破坏的能量密度范围。方法：10个离体磨牙均切成6个2mm×3mm×4mm的牙本质块,随机分为：空白对照组、Gluma组、50、100、200、450J/cm2激光组。37%磷酸处理,每组随机取8个标本浸入2%亚甲蓝溶液5h,体视显微镜下测量染液渗透深度,另2个标本观察表面形态变化。结果：1）染液渗透深度,空白对照组、Gluma组、50J/cm2,100J/cm2,200J/cm2,450J/cm2激光组分别为（3.211±0.345）、（1.714±0.475）、（3.058±0.193）、（2.603±0.389）、（1.979±0.380）、（1.156±0.397）mm。50J/cm2激光组牙本质通透性与对照组无差异,其余各组与对照组相比均明显下降,且随着激光能量升高,通透性降低。其中200J/cm2激光组的牙本质通透性与Gluma组相当。2）牙本质表面观察,450J/cm2激光组牙本质表面有显著改变,可见大小不一,形态不规则的凹坑。结论：Nd：YAG激光用于治疗牙本质敏感症时,考虑到有效性和安全性,建议能量密度为200~450J/cm2。     

牙本质通透性与牙本质敏感症

牙本质敏感症是口腔临床常见疾病之一，其机制至今仍不十分清楚。液体动力学说认为全程牙本质小管开放，牙本质通透性增加，是影响牙本质敏感的至关重要因素。本文对牙本质通透性和牙本质敏感的关系进行综述。     

不同方法治疗牙齿敏感症的疗效分析

目的 :比较激光 ,激光加氟化钙和涂擦Gluma等 3种方法治疗牙齿敏感症的效果。方法 :按就诊顺序 ,随机选择 3组病例 ,分别采用激光、激光加氟化钙、涂擦Gluma进行牙齿敏感症的脱敏治疗。结果 :三种脱敏方法的即刻疗效比较无显著性差异 ,P >0 .0 5 ;一月后 ,Gluma组疗效低于另外两种方法组 ,有显著性差异 ,P <0 .0 5 ;随着观察期的延长 ,三种治疗方法的有效率逐渐降低 ,半年后 ,激光加氟化钙组的有效率为 67.9% ,激光组为 49.4% ,Gluma组为 2 3 .3 % ,差异有显著性 ,P <0 .0 1。结论 :三种方法治疗牙齿敏感症均有较好的即刻效果 ,远期疗效以激光组和激光加氟化钙组为优 ,激光氟化钙组半年后疗效仍为 67.9% ,显示了较好的应用前景。     

Nd:YAG激光治疗牙本质敏感的研究进展

牙本质敏感是口腔常见病症,患病率高,影响患者口腔健康与生活质量。激光治疗牙本质敏感获得良好疗效,其中Nd:YAG激光成为激光治疗牙本质敏感的首选。本文就目前Nd:YAG激光治疗牙本质敏感的研究进展进行综述。     

四种方法治疗牙本质敏感症的疗效比较

目的比较4种脱敏剂对牙本质敏感症治疗的临床疗效。方法临床随机选择咬合面磨耗导致牙本质过敏症的患者55例,217颗患牙,分别用含有Novamin的舒适达专业修复牙膏、75%氟化钠甘油、极固宁和gluma脱敏剂4组脱敏剂进行治疗。观察即刻、1周和3、6个月的疗效。结果 4组脱敏剂的即刻、1周、3个月的疗效均为75%氟化钠甘油组较差,与其他组比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。6个月时,舒适达组和gluma组比另2组疗效好,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论舒适达和gluma的脱敏效果优于其他两种,舒适达操作更简便。     

Nd:YAP激光联合自酸蚀粘接和树脂修复治疗牙本质敏感的临床研究

目的 探讨Nd：YAP激光联合自酸蚀粘接系统对牙本质敏感的临床疗效。方法 选取108颗需要树脂充填的牙本质敏感患牙,随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组使用Nd：YAP激光处理牙面后,联合自酸蚀粘接系统和树脂充填修复;对照组直接使用自酸蚀粘接系统和树脂充填修复,分别在治疗后6个月和12个月对牙敏感性,充填体固位性,充填体边缘密合性和总体疗效进行评估。结果 治疗后12个月随访,实验组牙齿敏感度改善情况、充填体固位性、充填体边缘密合度均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;实验组总体疗效高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 Nd：YAP激光联合自酸蚀粘接系统对改善牙本质敏感疗效明显,充填体固位力和边缘密合度优,适合用于需要充填的牙本质敏感患者。     

脉冲Nd:YAG激光辅助极固宁脱敏剂治疗老年牙本质过敏症的临床研究

目的：研究脉冲Nd：YAG激光辅助极固宁脱敏剂治疗老年牙本质过敏症的临床效果。方法：实验组用脉冲Nd：YAG激光1W（30mJ／cm^2、15Hz）照射120sec后，涂擦极固宁脱敏剂3次;对照组强采用极固宁脱敏剂3次。结果：实验组即刻、3个月及6个月有效率分别为87．29％、81．36％和75．42％，对照组的有效率为79．09％、63．64％和52．73％。即刻两组差异无屁著性（P〉0．05），而3个月、6个月差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论：脉冲Nd：YAG激光辅助极固宁脱敏荆治疗老年牙本质过敏症是一种高效、作用持久、使用安全的方法。     

脉冲Nd:YAG激光促进氟保护漆治疗牙齿敏感症临床观察

目的　观察脉冲Nd :YAG激光促进氟保护漆治疗牙齿敏感症的临床疗效。方法　用计算机程序控制脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射经涂一层氟保护漆的牙齿敏感症患牙 ,并分别与单纯涂一层氟保护漆或单纯脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射的疗效相比较。结果　涂氟保护漆加脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射治疗牙齿敏感症优于单纯涂保护漆或单纯脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射 ,疗效有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　涂氟保护漆和脉冲Nd :YAG激光照射的联合应用是一种治疗牙齿敏感症较为有效的手段     

Nd:YAG激光在修复楔状缺损中的应用

目的 临床观察激光在治疗牙体楔状缺损中的作用。方法 牙体楔状缺损伴发牙本质过敏的患牙80颗,分2组。A组:激光脱敏+光固化修复,B组:光固化修复。结果2组即刻有效率分别为95％、75％,两组间有显著性差异（P<0.01）;1年后复查光固化复合树脂脱落率分别为2.5％、15％。失败率分别为7.5％、30％。两组间仍有显著性差异（P<0.01）。结论激光脱敏+光固化治疗是修复牙体楔状缺损伴牙本质过敏症安全、有效的方法。     

Nd:YAG激光治疗牙齿感觉过敏症

牙齿感觉过敏症是口腔科的常见病和多发病。应用Nd:YAG激光技术治疗牙齿感觉过敏症已经取得了较好的疗效。有并且在这方面的研究成果正不断出现，成为一个热点，目前主要的研究集中在激光治疗的效果，牙髓的反应和对牙齿硬组织的影响方面，本文就激光治疗牙齿感觉过敏症的机制，疗效和失败的因素作一简要综述。     

Desensitizing effects of an Er:YAG laser on hypersensitive dentine

AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the desensitizing effects of an Er:YAG laser (KEY II(R), KaVo, Germany) and Dentin Protector (Vivadent, Germany) on cervically exposed hypersensitive dentine. METHOD: A group of 30 patients showing a total of 104 contralateral pairs of hypersensitive and caries-free teeth was selected and randomly allocated in a split-mouth design to either (1) Er:YAG laser (80 mJ/pulse, 3 Hz), or (2) the application of Dentin Protector (polyurethane-isocyanate 22.5%; methylenechloride 77.5%) whereat one pair served as an untreated control in each patient. The degree of sensitivity to a thermal stimulus was determined qualitatively with an evaporative stimulus defined as a 3-s air blast at a distance of 2 mm from each site to be tested. A qualitative registration of the degree of discomfort was determined according to an arbitrary pain scale in 4 degrees. Recordings were assessed before treatment, immediately after, 1 week, 2 and 6 months after treatment by 1 blinded examiner. RESULTS: Both treatment forms resulted in significant improvements of discomfort immediately after and 1 week post treatment. After 2 months, the discomfort in the Dentin Protector(R) group increased up to 65% of the baseline score and even up to 90% after 6 months, whereas the effect of the laser remained at the same level that was achieved immediately after treatment. The differences immediately after, 1 week, 2 and 6 months post treatment between both groups were statistically high significant (p< or =0.001; respectively). Compared to the untreated control group, both treatment forms resulted in a significant reduction of discomfort at each follow-up examination. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that desensitizing of hypersensitive dentine with an Er:YAG laser is effective and the maintenance of the positive result was more prolonged than with Dentin Protector.     

A comparison between the occluding effects of the Nd:YAG laser and the desensitising agent sensodyne on permeation through exposed dentinal tubules of endodontically treated teeth: an in vitro study

OBJECTIVE: Dentine hypersensitivity may occur due to loss of covering enamel and/or loss of cementum after gingival recession, resulting in exposure of cervical dentine and patency of dentinal tubules. The effect of thermally cooled pulsed neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser on the permeability and structural appearance of the root canal wall was investigated in vitro. The aim of this study was to compare the occluding effect of Nd:YAG laser with that of sensodyne on exposed dentine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty freshly extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were collected at random. Root canal obturations were performed using master apical file no. 60 k-type for obturated teeth. All teeth were stored in 100% humidity at 37 degrees C for 48h to allow time for the sealer to set. Dentine of 35 teeth was exposed by removing the cementum, and the remaining five teeth represented a negative control group. Specimens were examined using stereomicroscopy to show the surface topography of the dentine substrate before and after treatment with Nd:YAG laser or sensodyne. RESULTS: A double-blind technique was used when taking measurements of ink penetration (in mm) for each group. Teeth treated by Nd:YAG laser showed the least ink penetration, followed by teeth treated by sensodyne. The positive control group demonstrated complete ink penetration and the negative control group showed no ink penetration. Stereomicroscopic examination of specimens treated with Nd:YAG laser showed deposition on the dentinal surface, and specimens treated with sensodyne showed partial deposition. Untreated specimens were free of deposition and the tubules remained patent. CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference in the occluding effect of Nd:YAG laser and sensodyne toothpaste. Both treatments have a promising effect on the reduction of permeation through exposed dentinal tubules. However, the occluding effect of Nd:YAG laser occurs within seconds whereas that of sensodyne takes at least 3 weeks.     

An evaluation of the effects of an Nd:YAG laser on subgingival calculus, dentine and cementum

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Nd:YAG laser treatment on subgingival calculus, cementum and dentine, in vitro at different power settings and durations. The study included 2 experiments. In the 1st experiment, 32 extracted teeth with calculus were divided into 8 laser treatment groups. Each tooth was treated on 2, 3 or 4 sites. In the 2nd experiment. 3 extracted cementum covered teeth and 3 extracted root planed teeth with exposed dentine were selected. 1 surface of each tooth was subjected to 8 different laser treatments. In both experiments, all specimens were assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Micrographs were taken from each treated site at X100 and X750 magnifications. An arbitrary scale (from 0 to 3) was used to score the degree of damage caused by the laser. Generally, the laser caused greater damage on calculus than either cementum or dentine. Linear regression analysis showed that higher total energy input caused a greater mean damage score on calculus (R²= 66%, p<0.001). 3-way analysis of variance showed that for calculus, the power setting, number of pulses per second and the duration of exposure contributed independently to the mean damage score in an additive way. Cementum specimens were not affected by treatment 1 (50 mJ. 10 pps, 1 s). treatment 2 (50 mJ, 10 pps, 5 s), and treatment 5 (50 mJ, 20 pps, 1 s). Dentine specimens were not affected by treatment 1 (50 mJ, 10 pps, 1 s). The results also showed that there was variability in susceptibility of different teeth and different parts of each tooth which was true for calculus, cementum and dentine.     

重症牙本质过敏牙Nd：YAG激光照射后的SEM观察

用脉冲Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ牙科激光照射３个新鲜离体的重症牙本质过敏牙３０ｍＪ、８０ｍＪ，脉冲数１０／ｓ，１ｍｉｎ，并涂布２％甲紫液。ＳＥＭ显示：照射３０ｍＪ者，牙本质小管口部分或完全封闭，表面密度明显提高，出现＂弹坑＂样结构；照射８０ｍＪ者，牙本质小管口模糊，出现不规则均质化物质；涂布２％甲紫液照射３０ｍＪ区的大部分牙本质小管口封闭，表面密度提高，出现均质化物质和＂弹坑＂样结构，所有的照射区都未发现微裂。提示：牙本质小管口的封闭和牙本质表面的溶融是牙本质过敏症激光脱敏的形态学变化。２％甲紫液可作为该激光的光敏剂使用。