肌电生物反馈对发育性髋关节发育不良术后患儿平衡及运动功能的影响

目的:观察肌电生物反馈对发育性髋关节发育不良术后患儿平衡及运动功能的影响。方法:选取33例发育性髋关节发育不良术后3月的患儿,按就诊顺序分为观察组和对照组,观察组16例(22髋),对照组17例(22髋),2组均给予常规康复治疗,观察组在此基础上接受肌电生物反馈治疗,连续12周。治疗前后采用徒手肌力测试测定屈髋肌、伸髋肌、髋外展肌、伸膝肌肌力,Berg平衡量表评定患者的平衡功能,10m步行测试测定步行能力,表面肌电图仪评估股直肌、臀大肌、臀中肌表面肌电信号均方根值(RMS)的变化。结果:2组患儿肌力(屈髋肌、伸髋肌、髋外展肌、伸膝肌)、RMS值(股直肌、臀大肌、臀中肌)、平衡功能、步行能力治疗前差异无显著性意义(P0.05)。治疗12周后2组患儿肌力、RMS值、Berg平衡量表评分显著高于治疗前(P0.01),10m步行能力测试步行时间较治疗前明显缩短(P0.01)。治疗后伸髋肌、髋外展肌肌力观察组显著高于对照组(P0.01),屈髋肌、伸膝肌肌力观察组高于对照组(P0.05);观察组股直肌、臀中肌平均RMS值高于对照组(P0.05),观察组臀大肌平均RMS值显著高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:肌电生物反馈疗法有助于改善发育性髋关节发育不良术后患儿平衡及运动功能。     

基于多通道表面肌电探讨不同角速度下膝骨关节炎患者生物力学基础的研究

目的：应用表面肌电图观察和分析膝骨关节炎（knee osteoarthritis,KOA）患者股四头肌表面肌电活动。方法：采用全无线肌电测试系统评测30例KOA患者（KOA组）和30例健康受试者（CON组）在不同角速度（60°/s、90°/s、180°/s）膝关节屈伸运动等速肌力测试下,股内侧肌、股直肌和股外侧肌的表面肌电图,并记录KOA组受试者股内侧肌、股直肌和股外侧肌肌肉厚度与膝痛程度,以评估肌电数据和临床指标的相关性。结果：KOA患者和健康受试者在各不同角速度60°/s(P<0.001)、90°/s(P<0.01)、180°/s(P<0.01)膝关节屈伸运动中屈膝最大力矩与伸膝最大力矩均具有显著性意义,且KOA组膝关节屈伸最大力矩平均值均低于CON组。在角速度为60°/s等速肌力测试时,KOA组股外侧肌的中值频率差值率（P<0.05）、股直肌的均方根值（P<0.01）与相应对照组具有显著性意义;在角速度为90°/s等速肌力测试时,两组受试者的股直肌均方根值存在显著性差异（P<0.05）;在角速度为180°/s时,两组的股直肌中值频率差值率（P&...     

基于表面肌电图检查技术的脑卒中患者下肢肌肉痉挛的定量分析

目的探讨脑卒中偏瘫患者股四头肌表面肌电图（sEMG)信号和改良Ashworth分级（MAS）之间的相关性,研究表面肌电图指标是否可作为评估痉挛的量化指标。 方法选择符合标准的脑卒中患者60例,由同一测试人员对脑卒中偏瘫患者患侧股四头肌进行MAS评估,并记录股四头肌被动牵伸时股四头肌内侧头（VM)、股直肌(RF)、股四头肌外侧头(VL)处表面肌电信号的均方根值（RMS）值和平均肌电值（AEMG）值,对不同表面肌电图指标与MAS进行相关性分析。 结果被动牵伸股四头肌时,VM、RF、VL的表面肌电信号都与MAS分级呈正相关;经Spearman相关统计分析,被动活动时,VM（r=0.751）、VL（r=0.563）、RF（r=0.800）的均方根值（RMS）均与MAS相关（P<0.001）;VM（r=0.767）、VL（r=0.646）、RF（r=0.834）的平均肌电值（AEMG）均与MAS相关（P<0.001）。 结论脑卒中偏瘫患者被动牵伸股四头肌(VM、VL、RF) 时,表面肌电信号的RMS指标及AEMG指标与MAS分级呈正相关;sEMG检查股四头肌被动牵伸时的幅度指标可为临床肌张力评估和痉挛的治疗提供量化的参考。     

膝骨关节炎患者股内侧肌、股直肌和股外侧肌间的协调性

目的应用表面肌电图和等速肌力测定方法比较膝骨关节炎患者与正常人股内侧肌、股直肌和股外侧肌间的协调性改变。方法34例膝骨关节炎患者和34名膝关节健康者在膝关节屈曲10°、60°、100°等长伸膝和等速60°/s、180°/s伸膝运动测试模式下,进行股内侧肌(VM)、股直肌(RF)和股外侧肌(VL)的表面肌电图和股四头肌肌力的评测,包括肌肉激活启动顺序和VM/VL神经肌电比值。结果与正常人对比,膝骨关节炎患者在等速180°/s伸膝运动时VM相对于VL启动延迟（P＜0.05）;在膝屈10°等长伸膝运动时,VM/VL神经肌电比值降低（P＜0.05）。结论膝骨关节炎患者患侧股四头肌的协调性减退。     

正常人群中股四头肌肌电图的均方根和肌肉等长收缩力矩的关系

目的:调查正常年轻人在最大自主等长收缩的不同力矩时股直肌的肌电信号和股四头肌肌力之间的关系。方法:招募5个正常健康年轻受试者,在100%、75%、50%、25%最大自主收缩(MVC)时测定右侧股四头肌肌肉的伸展力矩及表面肌电图(s EMG)。结果:均方根值(RMS)和股四头肌肌肉收缩力量之间呈显著相关性(P0.01)。股四头肌MVC和RMS有相关性(γ=0.874)。结论:股四头肌的收缩力量和肌电信号的RMS之间存在线性关系。     

脑卒中后下肢痉挛患者表面肌电参数与平衡功能关系研究

目的：探讨脑卒中后偏侧下肢痉挛患者双侧下肢肌肉表面肌电参数与站立平衡参数之间的相关性,为脑卒中后下肢痉挛患者的平衡功能康复与治疗提供客观依据。方法：选取安徽省中西医结合医院符合脑卒中后偏侧下肢痉挛患者30例(简称患者组),同时选取30例健康、无外伤病史、性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)匹配的正常人作为健康对照组(简称健康组)。记录试验对象睁眼30 s站立状态下的重心动摇速度、平均包络面积和重心移动轨迹长度等平衡功能参数;利用表面肌电设备收集受试者在被动屈伸膝关节过程中最大等长收缩(MIVC)时股内侧肌(VM)、股外侧肌(VL)、股直肌(RF)、内侧腓肠肌(MG)和半腱肌(SE)的表面肌电信号,并计算出对应的均方根值(RMS)及两侧同名肌肉的RMS对称指数(SI),最后将表面肌电参数与各项平衡功能参数进行Spearman相关性分析。结果：患者组患侧VM、VL、RF、MG、SE的RMS值分别为(126±32)、(115±26)、(88±35)、(96±19)、(87±57)μV,明显低于健侧及健康组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者组双侧下肢VM、VL、RF、MG、SE的SI...     

肌内效贴对女性大学生膝关节肌力的影响

目的探讨肌内效贴扎对青年女性膝关节肌力的影响。方法 20名健康女大学生,用等速测试仪,以60°/s角速度,测量无贴扎、肌内效贴扎、安慰贴扎3种状态下的膝关节屈伸向心性收缩及离心性收缩相对峰力矩;用表面肌电图测试股内侧肌、股直肌、股外侧肌的肌电振幅均方根值(RMS)。结果向心性收缩时,肌内效贴扎时伸肌相对峰力矩明显高于无贴扎、安慰贴扎时(P0.01),屈肌相对峰力矩3种状态下无显著性差异(P0.05);股内侧肌在肌内效贴扎时RMS标化值明显低于未贴扎时(P0.01);股外侧肌肌内效贴扎时RMS标化值明显低于未贴扎时、安慰贴扎时(P0.01);股直肌RMS标化值3种状态下无显著性差异(P0.05)。离心性收缩时,肌内效贴扎时伸肌、屈肌相对峰力矩均明显高于无贴扎、安慰贴扎时(P0.01);股内侧肌、股外侧肌在肌内效贴扎时RMS标化值低于未贴扎时(P0.01);股直肌RMS标化值3种状态下无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论肌内效贴扎可以提高股四头肌向心性、离心性收缩肌力,增加腘绳肌离心性收缩肌力,提高股内侧肌及股外侧肌的肌纤维募集能力。     

双足半蹲伴髋内收对髌股疼痛综合征股内斜肌的强化作用

目的采用表面肌电图(sEMG)评估髌股疼痛综合征（PFPS）患者的股四头肌失衡程度,观察PFPS患者各种表面肌电的特征及变化规律,并探讨髋内收对股内斜肌的针对性强化作用机制。 方法将PFPS患者60例按随机数字表法分为病例组和对照组,每组患者30例,分别在双足半蹲伴或不伴髋内收动作时检测股外侧肌(VL)及股内斜肌（VMO）表面肌电图,分析股内、外侧肌时域指标,比较其平衡关系。 结果双足半蹲不伴髋内收动作时,病例组VL的均方根振幅（RMS）和积分肌电值（IEMG）分别为（103.31±44.54）μV和（8.02±3.45）μVs,分别与组内VMO RMS的（85.02±41.19）μV和IEMG的（6.72±3.20）μVs比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。病例组不伴髋内收时VMO的RMS、IEMG与组内伴髋内收时VMO的RMS、IEMG比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论双足半蹲伴髋内收的动作可以优先强化VMO,使VL与VMO之间达到更好的平衡状态。     

膝关节骨性关节炎患者股四头肌动员能力和肌力储备改变的研究

目的:观察膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者股四头肌肌力,肌肉动员能力及肌力储备并探讨其改变原因,为KOA功能评定和康复治疗提供新的途径和依据。方法:本次研究对象20例KOA患者为实验组和10例健康人为对照组,利用肌肉随意收缩电刺激叠加法测定股四头肌最大随意收缩力量、肌力储备和动员能力。结果:KOA组左、右腿股四头肌相对肌力分别为0.22和0.21,两腿没有显著差异(P>0.05);对照组左腿和右腿相对肌力分别为0.34和0.32,KOA患者相对肌力显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。KOA组左、右腿肌力储备分别为31.09%和29.90%;对照组左、右腿肌力储备分别为18.56%和20.75%,KOA组双侧股四头肌肌力储备显著高于对照组(P<0.01);KOA组左、右腿动员能力分别为68.95%和70.05%;对照组左、右腿的股四头肌动员能力分别为81.40%和79.20%,KOA组双侧肌肉动员能力显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:KOA患者存在着股四头肌肌力低下、股四头肌动员能力不足的情况,其肌力下降主要是由于神经肌肉控制能力较差所致,肌肉随意收缩电刺激叠加法可以敏感地反映这一变化。康复治疗可以训练股四头肌神经肌肉控制能力,增加KOA患者股四头肌肌力和关节稳定性。     

膝骨关节炎患者与正常人股内侧肌、股直肌和股外侧肌收缩特征的对照研究

目的 应用表面肌电图和等速肌力评测方法比较膝骨关节炎患者与正常人股内侧肌、股直肌、股外侧肌肌肉收缩特征,包括收缩速度、收缩力量和抗疲劳性.方法 34例膝骨关节炎患者参与观察组;34名健康人参与对照组.两组的年龄、身高、体重、性别、左右侧、Q角相匹配.所有受试者均在膝关节屈曲10°、60°、100°等长伸膝和等速60°/s、180°/s伸膝运动测试模式下,进行股内侧肌、股直肌和股外侧肌的表面肌电图和股四头肌肌力的评测.采用独立样本 t检验对两组评定指标包括募集速率、平均振幅、峰力矩/体重比、疲劳指数分别进行对比分析.结果 ①观察组股内侧肌在膝屈60°等长伸膝测试和等速60°/s、180°/s伸膝测试中募集速率较对照组减小;股直肌在膝屈60°等长伸膝测试和等速60°/s伸膝测试中募集速率较对照组减小;股外侧肌在等长膝屈10°和100°伸膝测试和等速60°/s伸膝测试中募集速率较对照组减小( P＜0.05).②观察组股内侧肌、股直肌在等速60°/s、180°/s伸膝测试中平均振幅较对照组增大;观察组股直肌、股外侧肌在等长膝屈10°伸膝测试中平均振幅较对照组增大( P＜0.05).③观察组股内侧肌、股直肌和股外侧肌在膝屈10°、60°、100°等长伸膝和等速60°/s、180°/s伸膝运动测试模式中峰力矩/体重比均小于对照组( P＜0.05).④观察组在等速180°/s伸膝测试中股四头肌耐疲劳能力较对照组增强( P＜0.05).结论 膝骨关节炎患者患侧股内侧肌、股直肌和股外侧肌的收缩速度减慢、收缩力量减小、抗疲劳性增加.     

Assessment of skeletal muscle fatigue in men with coronary artery disease using surface electromyography during isometric contraction of quadriceps muscles

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether using surface electromyography to assess skeletal muscle fatigue during an isometric exercise has the potential to be clinically useful in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). DESIGN: Double sample comparative study. SETTING: Cardiac rehabilitation service in France. PARTICIPANTS: Sixteen men with documented CAD and 9 age-matched healthy men. INTERVENTIONS: Assessment of quadriceps skeletal muscle fatigue on an isokinetic apparatus with surface electromyography measurements and a symptom-limited exercise test in a laboratory. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The maximal voluntary isometric force (MVIF) of the quadriceps was quantified as a measure of muscle strength and isometric endurance was defined as the time required to sustain a contraction at 50% of MVIF until exhaustion. Surface electromyography signals were recorded from the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and vastus medialis during isometric endurance. The root mean square (RMS) and the median frequency (MF) were directly calculated on a computer and then normalized (as a percentage of the initial value). RESULTS: Muscle strength did not differ significantly between the patients with CAD and the healthy subjects (229+/-21N/m vs 228+/-52N/m), but isometric endurance was reduced (64+/-17s vs 90+/-7s, P <.01). The RMS values showed a significantly higher increase in the healthy subjects versus the patients with CAD for the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis ( P <.001). The MF values were significantly lower for the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris ( P <.01), and vastus medialis ( P <.05) in patients with CAD compared with the healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Skeletal muscle fatigue occurs sooner in men with CAD relative to matched healthy men, despite similar muscle strength. This finding may be the result of an abnormality of skeletal muscle function and may play an important role in measuring functional capacity. In addition, it may be a useful tool to assess the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation interventions.     

表面肌电结合等速测试仪评价功能性电刺激对脑卒中患者下肢痉挛及其功能影响的临床研究

目的:运用表面肌电结合等速测试仪探讨基于正常行走模式的功能性电刺激(FES)对脑卒中患者下肢痉挛及功能的影响.方法:54例脑卒中患者随机分为2组,FES组及安慰刺激组(对照组).2组患者均接受常规的临床及康复治疗.FES组在此基础上接受基于正常行走模式的FES治疗,安慰刺激组给予无电流输出的电刺激.治疗前及治疗4周后,...     

改良太极运动对老年女性膝OA患者下肢肌力与心肺耐力的影响

目的:探讨为期12周的改良太极运动对老年女性膝骨关节炎患者下肢肌力及心肺耐力的影响.方法:将40例老年女性KOA患者采用数字随机法分为太极组(n=20)和对照组(n=20),进行为期12周的干预.在治疗前后进行表面肌电(sEMG)、心血管功能、肺功能检查和6分钟步行实验(6MWT)测试.结果:治疗12周后,与治疗前相比...     

Age-related changes in hip abductor and adductor joint torques

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that older age significantly affects hip abduction and adduction joint torque-time generating capability in women. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study, wherein subjects were tested in a supported standing position. SETTING: University human performance laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-six healthy, adult women (38 young; 38 old). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The dependent variables were peak isometric torque and its corresponding torque rate and average peak isokinetic torque. Age group differences were assessed by analysis of variance. RESULTS: Isometric peak torques were significantly lower in older women (P相似文献   

Postpoliomyelitis muscle weakness: a prospective study of quadriceps strength

The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of progressive postpoliomyelitis muscle weakness (PPMW) in affected individuals 20 to 40 years after the initial polio infection. Over a three-year period, the isometric and isokinetic strength of the quadriceps femoris muscle was studied in seven symptomatic patients with previous poliomyelitis (mean = 38.3 years from infection) to determine if quadriceps strength decreased during the three years. Each patient had a quadriceps affected by polio on one side and a clinically nonaffected quadriceps on the contralateral limb. The maximal isometric force and the peak isokinetic force of the affected quadriceps (AQ) and nonaffected quadriceps (NQ) muscles were tested on a computerized isokinetic dynamometer machine at six-month intervals. Isometric force increased significantly, by 29% per year (p less than .02) in the AQ and by 14% per year (p less than .05) in the NQ. Paired analysis to determine the change in strength between the affected and nonaffected muscles for the isometric data showed a mean nonsignificant increase in the AQ of 14% per year (p = .01). The change in peak isokinetic force demonstrated a significant increase in the AQ of 35% per year (p less than .05); whereas, the NQ peak isokinetic force increased 15% per year which was not statistically significant. Paired analysis to determine the change in strength between the affected and nonaffected muscles for the isokinetic data showed a nonsignificant relative increase in the AQ of 20% per year (p less than .06).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Selective hypertrophy of the quadriceps musculature after 14 weeks of isokinetic and conventional resistance training

One of the fundamental adaptations observed with resistance training (RT) is muscle hypertrophy. Conventional and isokinetic machines provide different forms of mechanical stress, and it is possible that these two training modes could promote differing degrees of hypertrophic adaptations. There is a lack of data comparing the selective hypertrophy of the quadriceps musculature after training with a conventional knee extension machine versus an isokinetic machine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the selective hypertrophy of the quadriceps musculature and knee extension maximal isometric torque after 14 weeks of conventional versus isokinetic RT. Thirty-five men were assigned to three groups: control group and training groups (conventional and isokinetic) performed three sets of unilateral knee extensions per session with a progressive loading scheme twice a week. Prior to and following the intervention, maximal isometric knee extensor torque was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer, and muscle thickness (MT) of quadriceps femoris muscles was assessed via ultrasound. The results indicated non-uniform changes in MT between the muscles that comprise the quadriceps femoris group. For the conventional group, significantly greater increases in rectus femoris thickness were evident versus all other quadriceps muscles (14%). For the isokinetic group, increases in RF thickness (11%) were significantly greater in comparison with the vastus intermedius only. Although the muscle thickness did not increase for all the quadriceps femoris muscles, the relative rectus femoris adaptation suggested a selective hypertrophy favouring this portion.     

髌腱末端病运动员膝关节屈伸峰力矩和表面肌电图的特征(英文)

背景:髌腱末端病是腱止点部位的微细损伤,股四头肌群中的股内侧肌与股外侧肌之间的力量平衡发生变化,可直接导致髌骨产生异常运动从而对腱止点部位产生影响。目的:分析髌腱末端病发生机制和髌腱末端病对膝关节及其周围肌肉活动产生的影响。方法:选择10名患有髌骨肌腱病的男运动员及10名运动项目、身高和年龄匹配的正常男运动员,采用瑞士CON-TREX等速肌力测试与训练系统,分别进行膝关节力量和表面肌电图的测试,比较与分析膝关节屈肌力矩、伸肌力矩和股四头肌表面肌电图的变化。结果与结论:发现在等长运动时,末端病组的伸肌伸肌峰力矩明显小于对照组、峰值转矩比比值明显大于对照组;在等速运动时,末端病组的伸肌伸肌峰力矩明显小于对照组,并随着运动角速度增加而变化显著,而峰值转矩比比值均不同程高于对照组;末端病组的股内侧肌/股外侧肌的整合肌电图比值在等长运动和等速运动时,均明显低于对照组。提示髌腱末端病运动员膝关节屈肌与伸肌的力量差距较为突出,存在股内侧肌活动低下和股内侧肌与股外侧肌之间不平衡的现象。     

髌腱末端病运动员膝关节屈伸峰力矩和表面肌电图的特征（英文）

背景：髌腱末端病是腱止点部位的微细损伤,股四头肌群中的股内侧肌与股外侧肌之间的力量平衡发生变化,可直接导致髌骨产生异常运动从而对腱止点部位产生影响。目的：分析髌腱末端病发生机制和髌腱末端病对膝关节及其周围肌肉活动产生的影响。方法：选择10名患有髌骨肌腱病的男运动员及10名运动项目、身高和年龄匹配的正常男运动员,采用瑞士CON-TREX等速肌力测试与训练系统,分别进行膝关节力量和表面肌电图的测试,比较与分析膝关节屈肌力矩、伸肌力矩和股四头肌表面肌电图的变化。结果与结论：发现在等长运动时,末端病组的伸肌伸肌峰力矩明显小于对照组、峰值转矩比比值明显大于对照组;在等速运动时,末端病组的伸肌伸肌峰力矩明显小于对照组,并随着运动角速度增加而变化显著,而峰值转矩比比值均不同程高于对照组;末端病组的股内侧肌/股外侧肌的整合肌电图比值在等长运动和等速运动时,均明显低于对照组。提示髌腱末端病运动员膝关节屈肌与伸肌的力量差距较为突出,存在股内侧肌活动低下和股内侧肌与股外侧肌之间不平衡的现象。