维生素K1注射液的配伍稳定性分析

目的：探讨维生素K1注射液分别在5％葡萄糖、5％葡萄糖氯化钠输液中与酚磺乙胺、氨甲苯酸、卡络磺钠等3种临床常用药品配伍后,在避光与光照两种条件下的稳定性。方法观察维生素K1注射液分别在两种输液中与3种药品配伍后,室温下避光和光照6 h的外观性状并测定pH值,采用高效液相色谱法测定配伍液中维生素K1的含量。结果室温放置6 h,避光组溶液外观性状、pH值及维生素K1含量均无明显变化;光照组溶液的外观性状、pH值无明显变化,但维生素K1的含量明显下降。结论光照对各组配伍溶液维生素K1含量影响较大,在室温避光条件下,维生素K1注射液分别在以上两种输液中与3种药品配伍稳定性较好,在贮存、配制及临床使用中应加强避光管理。     

高效液相色谱法-二极管阵列检测器考察注射用头孢唑啉钠与注射用氯诺昔康的配伍稳定性

目的考察注射用头孢唑啉钠与注射用氯诺昔康在氯化钠注射液中的配伍稳定性。方法在室温条件下,采用高效液相色谱法-二极管阵列检测器测定头孢唑啉钠与氯诺昔康配伍后0～6 h内的含量变化,并观察和检测此2种药配伍液的外观与pH值变化。结果在室温下,配伍液6 h内的含量、pH及外观均无明显变化。结论室温条件下,注射用头孢唑啉钠与注射用氯诺昔康在氯化钠注射液中6 h内保持稳定。     

注射用盐酸头孢吡肟与4种常用输液配伍的稳定性研究

目的：使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）研究注射用盐酸头孢吡肟与4种常用输液配伍的稳定性。方法：盐酸头孢毗肟与4种输液按临床应用配伍,考察室温下12h内溶液的pH值及外观变化,采用HPLC法考察头孢吡肟的含量变化。结果：在室温条件下,与生理氯化钠溶液配伍后,6h内基本稳定;与10％葡萄糖、5％葡萄糖氯化钠和5％葡萄糖配伍后,随着时间的延长,8h内含量分别降至96．11％、97．06％和96．51％。结论：注射用盐酸头孢吡肟可与生理氯化钠溶液配伍使用,但应在6h内用完。     

炎琥宁粉针与地塞米松注射液在三种输液中的配伍稳定性考察

目的：考察注射用炎琥宁粉针与地塞米松注射液在不同输液中的稳定性。方法：采用紫外分光光度计、精密pH计等方法,模拟临床用药,考察炎琥宁与常用抗敏药地塞米松注射液配伍后0、1、2、4、6h时在3种不同输液中的含量、外观性状、紫外光谱及pH值变化。结果：实验过程中,配伍液外观、pH值及含量均无明显变化。结论：注射用炎琥宁与地塞米松注射液在3种输液中配伍后在室温（25℃）下6h内稳定,可供临床使用。     

盐酸异丙嗪注射液与两种注射液配伍的稳定性

目的观察盐酸异丙嗪注射液在葡萄糖酸钙注射液和氯化钙注射液中的稳定性。方法在室温下，将盐酸异丙嗪注射液分别与葡萄糖酸钙注射液和氯化钙注射液按1：1（v／v）比例配伍后，24h内观察配伍液的外观、pH值及紫外图谱的变化，用紫外分光光度法和络合滴定法分别测定盐酸异丙嗪、葡萄糖酸钙和氯化钙的含量。结果在室温下。24h内配伍液的外观、pH值、紫外图谱及含量均无明显变化。结论室温条件下，24h内盐酸异丙嗪注射液与葡萄糖酸钙注射液、氯化钙注射液配伍稳定，可以配伍应用。     

卡络磺钠与4种输液配伍的稳定性考察

目的：考察注射用卡络磺钠在氯化钠注射液等4种输液中的稳定性。方法：在25、37℃及室温,3000LX光照条件下将注射用卡络磺钠加入4种输液中,模拟临床用药浓度,用紫外分光光度法测定配伍后不同时间混合液的吸收度(A),同时检查配伍液的pH值,外观变化：结果：注射用卡络磺钠与4种输液配伍后在25、37℃及室温,3000LX光照条件下,放置12h,其外观、pH值、含量基本不变。结论：注射用卡络磺钠与4种输液配伍,在12h内基本稳定。     

注射用阿奇霉素与维生素B6注射液配伍稳定性考察

目的考察室温下24h内注射用阿奇霉素与维生素B6注射液的配伍稳定性。方法采用四苯硼钠沉淀剩余滴定法，在室温下24h内观察注射用阿奇霉素与维生素B6注射液的配伍溶液的外观、pH值及含量测定。结果在室温下24h内注射用阿奇霉素与维生素B。注射液的配伍溶液的外观、pH值无明显变化，在6h、8h、24h含量有轻微下降。结论注射用阿奇霉素与维生素B。注射液的配伍后24h内基本稳定，建议临床配伍最好在6h内使用。     

注射用氯诺昔康与头孢硫脒注射剂体外配伍稳定性研究

目的考察室温条件下注射用氯诺昔康与头孢硫脒在氯化钠注射液(生理盐水)中的配伍稳定性。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定氯诺昔康与头孢硫脒配伍后8 h内各时间点的含量,同时测定pH值并观察配伍液的外观变化。结果 8 h内配伍液的含量、pH及外观均无明显变化。结论室温条件下,注射用氯诺昔康与头孢硫脒在生理盐水中8 h内保持稳定。     

注射用硫酸头孢匹罗在不同输液中的配伍稳定性分析

目的对注射用硫酸头孢匹罗在两种不同输液中配伍的稳定性进行分析。方法采用高效液相色谱法对注射用硫酸头孢匹罗在葡萄糖注射液和木糖醇注射液中配伍稳定性进行测定,并比较分析。结果室温下8h内配伍溶液的颜色、pH值无显著变化,未出现浑浊,无气体生产,含量无变化。结论室温下硫酸头孢匹罗的葡萄糖和木糖醇配伍注射液稳定性良好。     

注射用头孢地嗪钠与几种常用输液配伍后的稳定性考察

目的考察注射用头孢地嗪钠与几种常用输液配伍后的稳定性。方法采用RP-HPLC测定头孢地嗪钠在几种常用输液配伍后的含量,pH计测定溶液pH值,以及观察溶液外观的变化。结果在30℃水浴中观察0~8h内头孢地嗪钠与几种常用输液配伍后的含量、pH值、外观无显著性的变化。结论注射用头孢地嗪钠与几种常用输液配伍后的稳定性良好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.