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Treatment of shift work disorder is complex, including changes in shift work pattern, use of bright light during night shift as well as behavioral changes, e. g., a biphasic sleep–wake rhythm during daytime hours, or sleep hygiene. Medication, however, does not solve the problem per se but improves functioning. Patients may require treatment, in particular, if they suffer from shift work sleep disorder with impaired vigilance and functioning, it is not possible to change the shift pattern, and they complain of consecutive or comorbid disorders, such as depression or gastrointestinal, metabolic or cardiovascular diseases. Evidence-based pharmaceutical treatments include modern stimulants, such as modafinil, to enhance wakefulness, and short-acting benzodiazepine receptor agonistic hypnotics, e. g., Zaleplon, Zolpidem or Zopiclone, to improve sleep. Exploratory treatments with inconsistent evidence cover agents with chronobiotic, melatonin-receptor agonistic properties, sleep- or vigilance-promoting antidepressants as well as numerous drugs which are used to compensate diseases secondary to shift work sleep disorder.  相似文献   

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Ohne ZusammenfassungNach einem Vortrag.  相似文献   

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Because of different patterns of molecular changes, a dualistic model of serous tumors is now assumed with serous borderline tumors (SBT) and low-grade serous carcinomas (LGSC) on one side and high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) on the other. The clinical course and the type of treatment of SBT and LGSC depend crucially on whether they are associated with extraovarian manifestations. So-called invasive implants of SBT correspond morphologically to LGSC. The MD Anderson grading system has become established for the distinction between LGSC and HGSC, HGSC shows a wide range of growth patterns, including a transitional epithelial-like type. Carcinosarcomas can be interpreted as HGSC variants. Considering the new theory that all serous neoplasms of the ovary, peritoneum and fallopian tubes are derived from the tubal fimbria, the term “ovarian carcinoma” seems no longer appropriate.  相似文献   

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Two cases of primary gastric atypical lipomatous tumors (ALT) are presented. In case No.1, a 7×4×3 cm submucosal ALT (lipoma-like subtype) of the antrum/pyloric region in a 60-year-old woman was completely resected. Using interphase dual-color-FISH, MDM2- and CDK4 amplifications could be detected in distinguished amplicons. The patient was continuously free of disease after 56 months. In case No. 2, a 3.5 cm (in diameter) submucosal ALT (lipoma-like subtype) of the gastric body in a 56-year-old woman was completely resected. FISH revealed MDM2 amplification while the CDK4 gene remained in diploid copies. This patient was continuously free of disease after 36 months. The morphologic and molecular biological findings of this rare primary gastric mesenchymal tumor are discussed in comparison with the corresponding soft tissue lesions.  相似文献   

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Ohne ZusammenfassungHierzu Taf. XVI. Fig. 4–5.  相似文献   

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Ohne ZusammenfassungDie mit bezeichneten Arbeiten sind mir uur aus Referaten bekannt.  相似文献   

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