精神分裂症子女个性行为特征的对照研究

目的 探索材神分裂症子女的个性和行为特征。方法 分别用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)和Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)，对研究组53例精神分裂症子女，对照组50例正常儿童评定。结果 两组儿童EPQ各项因子分无显著差异，在CBCL分析中，研究组退缩、社交问题和内向因子分显著高于对照组。研究组男童焦虑抑郁，女童躯体主诉分值也显著高于对照组。结论 精神分裂症子女个性无异常。存在有内向，退缩．社交困难等行为问题．应对其早期干预。     

弱视少年心理行为问题的临床研究

目的：探讨弱视患儿的心理行为问题，方法：采用Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL），抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS），对78例弱视患儿和82例正常对照组患儿进行评定分析。结果：与正常对照组相比，弱视患者CBCL家长用表和学生用表的异常率以及SDS，SAS评分明显增高，差异显著（P＜0．01），结论：弱视患得存在明显的心理行为问题。     

性早熟儿童及其父母心理卫生状况初步研究

目的：探讨性早熟对儿童心理行为及其父母心理健康状况有无影响。方法：采用Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）（父母用表）对27例中枢性性早熟女孩及正常儿童进行测试．同时采用症状自评量表（symptom checklist 90，SCL-90）对其父母进行心理卫生状况调查。结果：①Achenbach儿童行为测试显示性早熟女孩行为问题总初分大于对照组，社交退缩、抑郁、躯体主诉3个因子分较对照组明显升高，社会能力方面，性早熟儿童除社交能力低于对照组外，其他无差别，②SCL—90测试显示性早熟儿童父母躯体化，人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑症状因于分明显高于对照组。结论：性早熟女孩存在内向性行为问题。患儿父母存在焦虑、抑郁、躯体化、人际敏感方面的心理健康问题。     

单亲家庭儿童童年期创伤经历及行为问题调查

目的调查某市儿童童年期创伤经历和行为问题,并探讨单亲对儿童行为问题的影响。方法采用自编一般情况调查问卷、童年期创伤问卷(CTQ-SF)和儿童行为量表(CBCL)对248例单亲家庭儿童及346例完整家庭儿童进行评定和对照。结果 1单亲家庭的儿童在情感虐待、躯体虐待、性虐待、情感忽视、躯体忽视及总得分上均高于非单亲家庭(t=4.119,11.869,3.175,10.790,15.170,14.746;P0.05);2单亲家庭男生各维度得分均高于非单亲家庭;单亲家庭女生除违纪维度外,其他维度得分均高于非单亲家庭。结论单亲家庭更易造成童年期的创伤体验,容易引发行为问题,应尽早进行干预。     

哈尔滨市外来务工人员子女在校问题行为及社交能力调查研究

调查哈尔滨市外来务工人员子女在校问题行为和社交能力。采用Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL），对全市外来务工人员子女学校随机抽取了1～5年级共221名学生进行调查。外来务工人员子女在校CBCL阳性检出率是10．4％，男生行为问题检出率为9．7％，女生行为问题检出率为11．0％，男生和女生行为问题检出率差异没有统计学意义（χ2=0．101，P〉0．05）。三、四年级学生问题行为和社交能力得分最高。     

34名沉缅电子游戏儿童的心理行为及相关因素调查分析

目的 :探讨电子游戏依赖性儿童的心理、行为及家庭环境特点。方法 :选择用艾森克问卷(EPQ) ,Achenbach儿童行为量表 (CBCL) ,家庭环境量表 (FES)分别对 3 4例电子游戏依赖性儿童及 3 4例正常儿童进行评定。结果 :电子游戏依赖性儿童在EPQ量表的P分、L分 ,CBCL量表的社交情况、学校情况、退缩、焦虑 抑郁、社会问题、违纪问题、攻击性行为、内向性行为问题、外向性行为问题、行为问题总分的得分均显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。在FES -CV量表中的亲密度、情感表达、娱乐性、组织性、控制性得分均低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而在家庭的矛盾性得分显著高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :电子游戏依赖性儿童有较多的心理、行为问题 ,某些家庭环境因素可能是儿童电子游戏依赖性的原发和促动因素之一。     

学习困难儿童智力行为问题分析

本文应用WISC智力量表和CBCL行为量表,对54名7－11岁学习困难儿童进行对照研究,发现学习困难儿童不但IQ水平低,而且还伴随着各种行为问题和情绪问题,以多动、社交退缩、抑郁显著,而男女儿童之间又有所区别。本文对学习困难儿童的IQ水平、行为问题及如何防治进行了讨论。     

学前教育与乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性儿童心理行为关系的研究

目的探讨学前教育与乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性儿童心理行为的关系,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用中国8~12岁儿童气质量表（Chinese school children temperament scale,CSTS）和Achenbach儿童行为量表（Child BehaviorChecklist,CBCL）以及自制的儿童基本情况调查表,对57例未接受过学前教育和45例接受过学前教育的HBsAg阳性儿童进行测试和比较,并收集患儿的健康状况等信息。结果1未接受过学前教育的HBsAg阳性儿童在节律性、趋避性、心境和持久性等4个气质维度得分明显高于接受过学前教育的HBsAg阳性儿童,差异存在非常显著性或显著性（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）;2在退缩、焦虑/抑郁、注意问题、攻击性行为、内向性行为和行为问题总分等行为因子得分明显高于接受过学前教育的HBsAg阳性儿童,差异存在非常显著性（P〈0.01）。结论未接受过学前教育的HBsAg阳性儿童存在更多的心理行为问题。建议开设幼儿园,专门接受这些HBsAg阳性儿童,促进其身心健康成长。     

哈尔滨市外来务工人员子女在校问题行为及社交能力调查研究

调查哈尔滨市外来务工人员子女在校问题行为和社交能力。采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL),对全市外来务工人员子女学校随机抽取了1～5年级共221名学生进行调查。外来务工人员子女在校CBCL阳性检出率是10.4%,男生行为问题检出率为9.7%,女生行为问题检出率为11.0%,男生和女生行为问题检出率差异没有统计学意义(χ2=0.101,P>0.05)。三、四年级学生问题行为和社交能力得分最高。     

注意缺陷多动障碍儿童行为问题的对照研究

目的：比较注意缺陷多动障碍（Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder，ADHD）临床亚型和正常儿童的行为问题。方法：将符合DSM—Ⅳ ADHD诊断标准的男童70例分为注意障碍为主型（PI）44例，以多动／冲动为主型（HI）6例、混合型（CT）20例，采用儿童行为量表（Child Behavior Checklist，CBCL）比较各亚型和正常儿童的行为问题。结果：ADHD组行为问题发生率（48．57％）明显高于对照组（12．70％），P〈0．01；ADHD各亚型行为问题发生率存在统计学差异（P〈0．01）。混合型最高；ADHD亚型与对照组CBCL因子分的4组间比较显示分裂性、强迫性、体诉、多动、攻击性、违纪因子及CBCL总分存在统计学差异；分裂性因子PI〉HI，攻击性因子CT，HI〉PI，违纪因子HI〉PI，CT。结论：ADHD男童行为问题发生率高于正常儿童，其中混合型行为问题发生率最高；ADHD临床亚型行为问题特点不同。     

行为问题儿童的社会技能训练效果分析

目的:探讨行为问题儿童的社交焦虑、个性特征及其干预方法和效果。方法:采用儿童行为量表(CBCL)筛查行为问题儿童82名,分为干预组(n=41)和对照组(n=41),随机抽取非行为问题儿童50名作为正常组。对干预组儿童采用以社会技能训练为主的行为干预一个学期,干预前后采用儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)及艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)进行评估。结果:行为问题组儿童的社交焦虑总分及各因子分均高于正常组儿童,行为问题组情绪稳定性(N)分高于正常组、内外向(E)分低于正常组(P<0.01,0.001)。干预前干预组社交焦虑及个性与对照组比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);干预后干预组与对照组比较,社交焦虑及各因子统计学差异显著(P<0.01),与正常组比较,社交焦虑及个性各因子差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:行为问题儿童和正常儿童在社交焦虑水平、个性特征方面存在差异。以社会技能训练为主的行为干预对行为问题儿童的社交焦虑和个性缺陷有效。     

Behavioral problems in relation to intelligence in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a matched control study

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic disorder associated with palatal abnormalities, cardiac defects, a characteristic facial appearance, learning difficulties, and delays in speech and language development. Various behavioral disorders and psychiatric illnesses have also been reported. There is much debate as to whether the behavioral problems are caused by factors such as medical discomfort, facial abnormalities or a lower intelligence, or whether they are independently related to the genetic abnormality ("behavioral phenotype"). We examined the relationship between intelligence level and behavioral problems. A group of 69 children with 22q11DS was compared with 69 children with craniofacial anomalies (CFA) using the child behavior checklist (CBCL). The matches between individual children were based on their total IQ scores. Use of the CBCL norm scores covered the corrections for age and sex. The group of 22q11DS children showed significantly more behavioral problems than the CFA group: this was especially apparent on the CBCL subscales "withdrawn," "anxious/depressed," "delinquent behavior," "aggressive behavior," "somatic complaints," and "social problems." We found no correlation between IQ score and behavioral problems in the 22q11DS group, which was remarkable because, comparable with the general population, intellectual disabilities were a predictor of behavioral problems in the CFA group. 22q11DS children with relatively higher IQs showed more problems of an internalizing than an externalizing nature, whereas the 22q11DS children with lower IQs showed various behavioral problems. The absence of a statistically significant correlation between intelligence and behavior problems in the group of 22q11DS children is tentative evidence for a 22q11DS behavioral phenotype.     

高、低焦虑儿童对教师权威行为的认知特点初探

国内外研究者从实证角度和发展角度对权威进行了大量研究 ,但大多把权威角色定位于父母来分析儿童对权威认知的特点与规律[1,2 ] ,而把权威角色定位于教师的研究相对较少。作为儿童 ,从幼儿园开始就接触教师 ,教师的权威行为在一定程度上影响着儿童的社会认知。其次 ,国内外的有关研究大多倾向于分析儿童社会认知的年龄特征[1,3,4 ,] 。而对儿童在特定处境或情绪背景 (如焦虑 )下的社会认知研究较少。作为一种心境 ,焦虑是人们最经常体验到的情绪状态之一。长期处于高焦虑状态可直接导致过度焦虑反应 ,焦虑性神经症等情绪和精神障碍。焦虑情…     

Behavioral and emotional disturbances in the offspring of depressed parents with anger attacks

BACKGROUND: To examine the emotional and behavioral characteristics of the offspring of depressed parents with and without anger attacks. METHODS: Forty-three parents who met criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) completed the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist - Parent Report Version (CBCL) for each of their birth children (n = 58, age range 6-17 years). Unpaired t tests were used to evaluate the CBCL scale score differences between children of parents with and children of parents without anger attacks. Baseline demographics and clinical differences between the two groups of parents were also evaluated. RESULTS: Parents with anger attacks had a significantly younger age of onset of MDD. Offspring of depressed parents with anger attacks were found to have significantly lower social and school competency scale scores and higher scores for delinquency, attention problems, and aggressive behavior. In addition, this group was found to have a significantly higher total T score (a global measure of psychopathology). CONCLUSIONS: There are some important differences between offspring of depressed parents with and without anger attacks. This finding may be important in identifying and formulating intervention strategies for childhood problems in the offspring of depressed parents.     

慢性抽动障碍儿童行为问题的对照研究

目的:比较伴与不伴注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的慢性抽动障碍(CTD)儿童和ADHD以及正常对照儿童行为问题的差异。方法:对伴与不伴ADHD的CTD儿童和ADHD以及正常对照儿童采用儿童行为量表(CBCL)进行对比分析。结果:CTD ADHD组和ADHD组儿童总的行为问题发生率、CBCL多数因子分及行为问题总分与单纯CTD组和对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),而单纯CTD组和对照组两组间只有强迫、多动、攻击因子分和行为问题总分有统计学差异(P﹤0.05)。结论:伴有ADHD的CTD儿童与ADHD儿童相似,存在较高的行为问题发生率和较多的行为问题,提示伴有的ADHD是CTD儿童行为问题的主要来源。     

香港和成都市儿童行为量表(CBCL)跨地区比较研究

目的：比较香港和成都市少年儿童的行为和情绪问题，探讨社会文化因素对评定结果的影响。方法：使用Ａｃｈｅｎｂａｃｈ儿童行为量表对香港２６７３名，成都市８５８名６－１８岁样本进行评定。结果：发现ＣＢＣＬ多数综合征评分香港地区高于成都。作用强度分析可见两地的焦虑抑郁，注意缺陷和外向性因子的差异特别明显。结论：可能香港少年儿童的心理问题出现率高于成都市，但也不能排除两地父母对儿童心理问题的认识理解、态度以及     

A Study of Genetic and Environmental Influences on Maternal and Paternal CBCL Syndrome Scores in a Large Sample of 3-Year-Old Dutch Twins

Background. There is increasing evidence that behavioral problems are common in very young children, yet little is known about the etiology of individual differences in these problems. It is unclear to what degree environmental and genetic factors influence the development of early child psychopathology. In this paper, we focus on the following issues. Firstly, to what degree do genetic and environmental factors influence variation in behavioral problems? Secondly, to what degree are these underlying etiological factors moderated by sex and informant? We investigate these issues by analyzing Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) data on 9689 3-year-old twin pairs.Methods. Rater Bias and Psychometric Models were fitted to CBCL/2-3 data obtained from mothers and fathers to determine the genetic and environmental contributions to the five CBCL syndromes:aggressive, oppositional, overactive, withdrawn, and anxious/depressed behavior.Results. Parental ratings are influenced by aspects of the child's behavior that are experienced in the same way by both parents and by aspects of the child's behavior that are experienced uniquely by each parent. There is evidence for high genetic contributions to all CBCL syndromes. Shared and non-shared environmental influences play significant roles as well. One exception is overactive behavior, which is influenced by genetic and non-shared environmental influences only.Conclusions. Variation in behavior problems in the very young shows high heritability.Individual raters offer unique perspectives that can have an impact on estimates of problem behavior and genetic architecture. Therefore, multi-informant approaches in the assessment of the very young will be useful to clinicians and researchers alike.     

行为问题儿童听觉事件相关电位P300对照研究

目的:探讨行为问题儿童听觉事件相关电位P300特点.方法:用Achenbach儿童行为问卷(CBCL)和中国联合型瑞文测验(CRT-C2)筛选行为问题儿童,并按同性别、同年龄进行1:2配对;采用odd模式测试听觉事件相关电位.结果:①问题组儿童的P300各项指标与对照组儿童无显著差异;②混合问题组P300潜伏期较单一问题组延迟(P<0.05),Pz点P300的基线波幅混合问题组与单一问题组的差异接近有统计学意义.③行为问题儿童Pz点P300基线波幅与行为问卷总分呈显著负相关(P<0.05).结论:行为问题较为严重的儿童可能有认知功能损害.