内窥镜鼻窦功能性手术综合治疗临床分析

目的探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎经鼻内窥镜手术综合治疗的疗效。方法分析我院自1998年以来应用鼻窦内窥镜所进行的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎手术。结果术后随访6-12个月治愈142例，好转34例，无效24例。结论鼻内窥镜手术综合治疗慢性鼻-鼻窦炎具有良好的疗效，加强围手术期处理，是提高疗效的关键。     

踝关节手术治疗42例分析

目的探讨踝关节手术治疗的疗效。方法对42例踝关节骨折患者的临床资料进行分析，评价手术治疗效果。结果随访6个月-36个月，平均随访12个月，对其术后疗效进行判定，其中，优31例，良7例，可4例，优良率90．5％。结论手术治疗踝关节骨折患者可以取得良好疗效，术中切开复位内固定是关键，术后进行功能锻炼可进一步提高疗效。     

腰椎间盘突出症手术治疗体会

目的 总结腰椎间盘突出症的手术方法和治疗效果。方法 从1988年6月至2004年8月，共手术治疗150例，其中L4-5 102例，L5-S1 36例，L3-4 12例，同时两个椎间盘突出6例。手术采用全椎板切除36例，半椎板切除90例，开窗24例。结果 经半年至3年随访，优132例，良15例，差3例。结论 手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症可取得满意的临床疗效，临床表现结合MRI和CT或CTM检查是诊断腰椎间盘突出的重要手段，重视侧隐窝的减压与疗效密切相关。     

开放手术治疗复杂性肾结石49例疗效观察

目的：探讨开放手术治疗复杂性肾结石的疗效。方法：分析我院2011年1月～2012年12月49例复杂性肾结石患者实施开放手术取石的临床疗效。结果：手术过程顺利，术后随访6-12个月恢复良好。结论：目前开放手术仍是治疗复杂性肾结石的重要方法。     

踝关节骨折脱位手术治疗28例体会

目的探讨踝关节骨折脱位手术治疗的方法和疗效。方法自2001年3月至2006年3月，手术治疗踝关节骨折28例，并对其资料进行分析。男16例，女12例；根据Weber-AO分类，B型18例，C型10例。采用解剖型钢板、拉力螺钉及张力带钢丝内固定。结果随访时间6-24mo，平均12mo。疗效按改良的Baird和Jackson评分系统评定，优14例，；良9例，可4例，差1例，优良率82．1％。2例长时间行走有轻度疼痛，其余均恢复较好。结论对踝关节骨折脱位，复位的质量与疗效密切相关，手术治疗能获得良好的复位，稳定的固定，能较早行功能锻炼，临床疗效满意。     

肩胛骨骨折15例临床分析

目的探讨手术治疗不稳定的肩胛骨骨折的疗效。方法回顾1998年-2003年收治的15例肩胛骨骨折的临床资料。根据AO分型方法：稳定的关节外骨折3例，不稳定的关节内骨折5例和不稳定的关节外骨折7例。通过后方入路，前方入路及前后联合入路对不稳定的12例肩胛骨骨折进行了骨折切开复位，拉力螺钉及重建钢板固定。结果12个手术病例随访12-36个月。Neer评定，优良9例，不满意2例，失败1例。结论对于移位严重的肩胛体部骨折和骨突部骨折及不稳定的关节内、外骨折采用手术治疗，可以获得满意的疗效。     

颈总动脉周围交感神经网剥脱切除术治疗重型脑瘫26例

我院从1999年-2003年共手术治疗脑瘫105例，其中采用颈总动脉周围交感神经网剥脱切除术治疗重型脑瘫26例，术后平均随访12个月，疗效满意，现报告如下。     

儿童外耳道胆脂瘤手术加微波治疗的探索

目的：探讨儿童久耳道胆脂瘤的临床特点与诊断标准，以及简便的治疗方法，以其提高对该病的认识并提高治疗效果，方法：对39例（耳）儿童外耳道胆脂瘤的临床表现，手术治疗及疗效进行回顾和分析，结果：第一组11例（耳）患儿行单纯外耳道胆脂瘤手术刮除后，随访3个月-12个月，其中6例治愈，5例复发，故给予二次手术加局部微波治疗，再次随访12个月，1例复发；第二组28例（耳）患儿行外耳道胆脂瘤刮除术加局部微波治疗，随访12个月，3例复发；两组治疗后复发的4例（耳）患儿，胆脂瘤侵蚀中耳乳突，并有外耳道后壁乳突腔瘘形成，经行改良乳突根治术，术后随访6月-3年，无复发。强论：儿童外耳道胆脂瘤的突出表现是外耳道有肉芽，胆脂瘤刮除术加局部微波治疗是治疗儿童外耳道胆脂瘤简便而有效的方法，对于胆脂瘤侵蚀中耳乳突，并有外耳道后壁-乳突腔瘘形成，行改良乳突根治术，疗效肯定，更为将来的听力重建奠定物质基础。     

开放手术与关节镜手术治疗外伤性膝关节脱位的疗效比较

目的探讨开放手术与关节镜手术治疗外伤性膝关节脱位的疗效。方法选取2003年9月-2010年6月我院收治行一期外科治疗并获得随访的外伤性膝关节脱位患者25例25膝。其中行开放手术治疗13例,行关节镜手术治疗12例。以Lysholm膝关节评分来评价术后膝关节功能并计算术后优良率,对上述两种手术的疗效进行初步比较。结果随访6-84月,平均37.2月。在最近1次随访中,优12,良7,可3,无差3,优良率76%,切开组13例Lysholm评分平均为81.4±14.5（58-100）,关节镜组12例Lysholm评分平均为90.2±10.4（80-98）（P〈0.05）。结论手术解剖修复或重建韧带有利于膝关节功能的恢复,关节镜手术疗效较开放手术更优。     

重度踝关节骨折脱位48例疗效分析

我院外科于2000-01／2006—12共收治重度踝关节骨折脱位48例，其中手术治疗32例，取得良好疗效，现报告分析如下。[第一段]     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.