Factors associated with haemoglobin concentration among Timor-Leste children aged 6-59 months

The study was conducted to assess the prevalence of and factors associated with haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations among children aged 6-59 months in Timor-Leste. The 2003 Demographic and Health Survey was a multi-stage cluster survey of 4,320 households from four different geographic regions in Timor-Leste. In total, 4,514 children aged 6-59 months were included in the analysis. The prevalence of anaemia (Hb concentration <11.0g/dL) was 38.2% (638/1,668) for children aged 6-23 months and 22.6% (644/2,846) for older children (p<0.001). Girls had a higher mean Hb concentration than boys (11.9g/dL vs 11.7g/ dL, p<0.006) and children who had diarrhoea in the previous two weeks had a lower Hb concentration than children without diarrhoea (11.5g/dL vs 11.9g/dL, p<0.001). Children from the richest and middle-class households had a lower average Hb concentration than those from the poorest households (11.8g/ dL, 11.7g/dL vs 12.0g/dL, p<0.001). Children of mothers with some secondary or more education had a lower mean Hb concentration than children of mothers with completed primary, some primary and no education (11.7 g/dL vs 11.9 g/dL, 11.8 g/dL, and 11.9 g/dL, p=0.002). Children from severely-anaemic mothers had a lower mean Hb concentration than children from moderately-, mild and not anaemic mothers (10.5 g/dL vs 11.1 g/dL, 11.6 g/dL, 12.0 g/dL, p<0.001). After backward stepwise hierarchical multiple regression, wasting, male sex, recent diarrhoea, household wealth index (richest and middle-class), maternal educational status (some secondary or more and some primary), and maternal anaemic status were significantly associated with a lower Hb concentration in children and increased age of child and duration of breastfeeding (6 months) with a higher Hb concentration. Anaemia-prevention programmes among children in Timor-Leste should focus on those children aged less than two years, children with recent diarrhoea, wasted children, high socioeconomic status, and anaemic mothers.     

Vitamin A deficiency in healthy children aged 6-59 months in Izmir Province of Turkey

Vitamin A deficiency even at subclinical levels is associated with increased childhood mortality. There have been few studies related to vitamin A status of children in Turkey. The aim of this study was to assess vitamin A status of children aged 6-59 months in Izmir, Turkey, and to evaluate the relationship of these levels with nutritional status. One hundred and sixty children were selected for the study using the cluster sampling method. Serum retinol levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ranged from 9.8 to 59.2 micrograms/dL (mean 29.3 +/- 9.5 micrograms/dL). Levels were below the lower limit of the normal range in 15.6% of the children. Deficient and marginal serum retinol among stunted children were observed in 16% and 42% respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between low serum retinol and stunting (P < 0.05). Although xerophthalmia and other clinical signs of vitamin A deficiency are rarely seen, subclinical vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem in Izmir, Turkey.     

Iron-deficiency anemia and protein-energy status in children aged 6 to 59 months in Tunisia

Our study is going to analyse the foodstuffs consumption of the people who have an iron deficiency and then compare it to the consumption of the people who don't have a deficiency. The anemic children who suffer from an iron deficiency have shown an average supply of iron inferior to the required needs which is of 86%. 22.7% of these children have an available iron supply below the recommended average which represents the limit of a severe deficiency risk. No child exceed the severe deficiency risk limit in proteins. 31% of the deficient children have daily energetic supplies inferior to the minimum limit of the daily-required supplies and they are on the brink of a deficiency. The protein needs are common in children but not the energetic ones.     

Factors associated with Hb concentration in children aged 6-59 months in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

In 1997, the prevalence of anaemia was 40.9 % among children aged 6-59 months in the State of Pernambuco, north-east Brazil. Using the same sample of children, we have investigated possible reasons for this high prevalence. A representative sample was selected through a three-stage process: proportional systematic random sampling of municipalities in the State, systematic random sampling of census sectors within these municipalities, and finally, simple random sampling of households with children aged 6-59 months to obtain the sample of 650 children. Data collection included demographic, environmental, socio-economic and maternal variables, and nutritional status and dietary intakes of the children. Multiple linear regression analysis was based on a hierarchical model of factors associated with Hb concentration. The mean Hb concentration of children aged 6-23 months was 10 g/l lower than that of older children. In the regression analysis, child age explained 8.3 % of the variance in Hb concentration. The intake of bioavailable Fe explained a further 3.3, serum retinol 2.7, diarrhoea 2.4, water treatment 1.7, sanitation 1.3 and low birth-weight 0.5 %. The final model explained 23.4 % of the variance in Hb concentration. We conclude that child age, bioavailable-Fe intake, serum retinol concentration, diarrhoea, water treatment, sanitation and low birth-weight are independently associated with Hb concentration. In north-east Brazil, anaemia prevention programmes among children should focus on those aged <2 years and should consider feasible strategies to improve intakes of bioavailable Fe and vitamin A, and reduce infection. Supplemental Fe should be given to low birth-weight infants.     

Vaccine effectiveness for laboratory-confirmed influenza in children 6-59 months of age, 2005-2007

To estimate the effectiveness of influenza vaccine against medical care visits for laboratory-confirmed influenza in young children we conducted a matched case-control study in children with acute respiratory illness or fever from 2005-2007. Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated using cases with laboratory-confirmed influenza and controls who tested negative for influenza. The effectiveness of influenza vaccine in fully vaccinated children 6-59 months of age was 56% (95% CI: 25%-74%); a significant VE was not found for partial vaccination.     

A comparison of physical activity in Gambian and UK children aged 6-18 months

The activity patterns of 81 Gambian and 53 UK children aged six, 12 or 18 months were compared by means of an activity diary technique. Major differences between communities were observed in the duration of play (2-3 times longer in UK compared to Gambian children) and in the duration of vigorous activities such as crawling, walking and running (2-4 times longer duration in the UK compared to the The Gambia). To investigate whether the lower activity of Gambian children could be explained by differences in nutritional or health status, subgroups of Gambian children were compared. Only small differences in activity pattern were found between Gambian children above and below 80% weight for age and between Gambian children who were or were not diagnosed ill within 10 days of study, suggesting that other factors (e.g. socio-cultural differences or the absence of conventional toys) may explain the lower activity of Gambian compared to UK children.     

关于建立中国农村6～23月龄婴幼儿喂养指数的分析

目的评价中国农村婴幼儿喂养指数与儿童营养状况的关系。方法利用2005年中国农村儿童营养监测调查数据,根据6～23月龄婴幼儿的母乳喂养和辅食添加情况,建立年龄别婴幼儿喂养指数,并分析婴幼儿喂养指数与年龄别身长Z评分(LAZ)和年龄别体重Z评分(WAZ)的关系。结果中国农村婴幼儿喂养指数为(8.61±2.56),6～、9～和12～23月龄儿童喂养指数均与LAZ显著相关(P<0.01),9～和12～23月龄儿童喂养指数与WAZ显著相关(P<0.05)。调整了相关影响因素后,婴幼儿喂养指数与儿童LAZ、WAZ依然显著相关(P<0.01),其中24小时辅食添加种类和辅食添加次数、1周内辅食添加与LAZ相关(P<0.01),母乳喂养、24小时辅食添加次数和一周内辅食添加与WAZ相关(P<0.05)。结论婴幼儿喂养指数可以反映我国农村儿童的喂养状况,并评价婴幼儿喂养行为对其营养状况的影响。     

Atopy history and the genomics of wheezing after influenza vaccination in children 6-59 months of age

Background

A multinational clinical trial compared the safety and efficacy of intranasal trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) with intramuscular trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) in very young children prior to the 2004-5 influenza season [1]. Wheezing was noted more often in recipients of LAIV and laboratory-confirmed influenza infection was noted more often in recipients of TIV. We sought to determine whether epidemiologic or genetic factors were associated with these outcomes.

Methods

Atopy surveys and DNA collections were performed in trial participants at two United States sites, Nashville, TN and Boston, MA. DNA samples were genotyped on Illumina Infinium 610 or 660-Quad. Standard allelic tests of association were performed.

Results

At the Nashville and Boston sites, a total of 99 children completed the trial, 6 (1 TIV, 5 LAIV) developed medically attended wheezing within 42 days following vaccination, and 8 (5 TIV, 3 LAIV) developed laboratory-confirmed influenza during the season. Eighty-one surveys and 70 DNA samples were collected. Family history of asthma (p = 0.001) was associated with wheezing after vaccination. Of 468,458 single nucleotide polymorphisms tested in the genome-wide association study (GWAS), none achieved genome-wide significance for either wheezing after vaccination or laboratory-confirmed influenza infection.

Conclusions

Family history of asthma appears to be a risk factor for wheezing after influenza vaccination. Given the limitations of the sample size, our pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of performing a GWAS but was not able to determine genetic polymorphisms associated with wheezing after influenza immunization.     

Prevalence of anemia in children 6-59 months old in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of anemia in children 6-59 months old in Pernambuco, a state in northeastern Brazil, so as to help guide health and nutrition policies there. METHODS: In 1997 a representative sample of 777 young children had their hemoglobin concentration measured. The sampling process was in three stages. First, 18 municipalities were randomly selected to represent the state and its three geographic areas (metropolitan region of Recife, urban interior, and rural interior). Next, using census lists, 45 census sectors were randomly chosen. Finally, 777 children aged 6-59 months old were selected. Blood was collected by venipuncture, and hemoglobin was measured with a portable hemoglobinometer. In the analysis, prevalence was weighted to reflect the census age distribution. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia among children 6-59 months old was 40.9% for the state as a whole. Prevalence in the metropolitan region of Recife was 39.6%, and it was 35.9% in the urban interior. The rural interior had the highest prevalence, 51.4%. Prevalence was twice as high in children aged 6-23 months as among those 24-59 months old, 61.8% vs. 31.0% (chi 2 = 77.9, P < 0.001). The mean hemoglobin concentrations in the younger and older age groups were 10.4 g/dL (standard deviation (SD) = 1.5) and 11.4 g/dL (SD = 1.4), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the sexes in terms of prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first statewide assessment of anemia prevalence among young children in Brazil. Given the very high prevalence of anemia among the children studied in Pernambuco, especially those in the age group of 6-23 months, public health interventions are needed.     

Failure of standard antimicrobial therapy in children aged 3-59 months with mild or asymptomatic HIV infection and severe pneumonia

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether children aged 3-59 months with mild or non-symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and WHO-defined severe pneumonia have a higher failure rate than do HIV-uninfected children when treated with the standard WHO treatment of parenteral penicillin or oral amoxicillin. METHODS: This study was a planned sub-analysis of a randomized trial of 3-59-month-old children presenting with WHO-defined severe pneumonia (the APPIS study). We included two sites with high HIV prevalence in Durban, South Africa and Ndola, Zambia. Primary outcome measures were clinical treatment failure at day 2 and day 14. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER: CT00227331http://www.clinicaltrialsgov/show/NCT00227331). FINDINGS: Of the 523 children enrolled, HIV status was known for 464 participants; 106 (23%) of these were infected with HIV. By day 2, 57 (12.3%) children had failed treatment and 110 (23.7%) failed by day 14. Twenty (18.9%) HIV-infected children failed by day 2 compared with 37 (10.3%) uninfected children (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-4.00). Thirty-four (32.1%) HIV-infected children failed treatment by day 14 compared with 76 (21.2%) uninfected children (adjusted OR 1.88; 95% CI: 1.11-3.17). Analysis stratified by age showed that the greatest differential in treatment failure at day 2 and day 14 occurred in the children aged 3-5 months. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected children with severe pneumonia fail WHO-standard treatment with parenteral penicillin or amoxicillin at day 2 and day 14 more often than do HIV-uninfected children, especially young infants. Standard case management of acute respiratory infection (ARI) using WHO treatment guidelines is inadequate in areas of high HIV prevalence and reappraisal of empiric antimicrobial therapy is urgently needed for severe pneumonia associated with HIV-1.     

6～24月龄中国婴幼儿喂养指数评价方法的建立

目的建立6～24月龄中国婴幼儿喂养指数,为综合评价婴幼儿喂养提供有效的工具。方法以2002年Ruel和Menon提出的喂养指数概念为基础,根据世界卫生组织(WHO)喂养建议和中国0～6岁儿童膳食指南,建立喂养指数确定各变量分类及分值,利用四川、河北、黑龙江三地区城乡6～24月龄共1738名婴幼儿年龄别体重(WAZ)、年龄别身长(HAZ)和身长别体重(WHZ),分析喂养指数与婴幼儿Z评分之间的相关性。结果喂养指数由持续母乳喂养、奶瓶使用、过去24小时膳食摄入种类和膳食摄入频率、过去一周辅食添加天数、配方奶首添时间、除配方奶外其他辅食首添时间7部分组成;城市婴幼儿喂养指数评分显著高于农村(P<0.05);城市6～8月龄组婴幼儿喂养指数得分低于9～24月龄组婴幼儿(P<0.05);城市婴幼儿喂养指数与WAZ、WHZ显著负相关(P<0.05),农村喂养指数与HAZ显著正相关(P<0.05),与WHZ显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论本研究建立的喂养指数可有效评价我国6～24月龄婴幼儿的喂养情况。     

Shedding of Ann Arbor strain live attenuated influenza vaccine virus in children 6-59 months of age

Background

A trivalent, Ann Arbor strain, live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is approved for use in children 24 months of age and older in a number of countries. The incidence, duration, and other parameters of viral shedding after vaccination with LAIV have not been fully described in children ≤5 years of age.

Methods

An open-label, single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 study assessed viral shedding and safety in 200 children 6-59 months of age after a single, intranasal dose of LAIV in 2006. Participants were enrolled into 2 age groups: 6-23 months (n = 100) and 24-59 months (n = 100) of age. Viral shedding, reactogenicity, and adverse events were assessed for 28 days postvaccination. Serious adverse events and significant new medical conditions were monitored for 180 days postvaccination.

Results

Viral shedding was detected by culture in 79% (95% CI, 73-84) of vaccine recipients and occurred more frequently in children 6-23 months of age (89%) compared with children 24-59 months of age (69%). In total, 157 subjects shed vaccine, which was confirmed by RT-PCR as A/H1N1 for 128 subjects, A/H3N2 for 72 subjects, and B for 74 subjects. The incidence of shedding was highest on day 2 (59% in the 6-23 month age group; 41% in the 24-59 month age group) and most shedding occurred 1-11 days postvaccination; shedding after 11 days was infrequent and occurred almost exclusively in children 6-23 months of age. Mean titers of shed vaccine virus peaked on day 2 and were generally <10^3.0 median tissue culture infective dose/mL for both groups. Reactogenicity events peaked on day 2; runny/stuffy nose was reported most frequently (63% of all subjects).

Conclusion

Most children 6-59 months of age vaccinated with Ann Arbor strain LAIV shed ≥1 vaccine virus within 11 days of vaccination. Shedding was less common in children 24-59 months of age, a population for whom LAIV is approved for use. Titers of shed vaccine were low, which may explain why secondary transmission of LAIV was observed very infrequently in a previous controlled study conducted with young children in a daycare setting.     

Surviving but not quite thriving: anthropometric survey of children aged 6 to 59 months in a rural Western Uganda district

Located in Western Uganda, Bundibugyo District has enjoyed nearly a decade of relative political stability. However, the current nutritional status of young children is not known. A survey conducted in 1999 assessed the prevalence of global malnutrition, but not stunting. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of global malnutrition and stunting in three of the 10 subcounties in Bundibugyo District, and to describe efforts to address malnutrition in Bundibugyo. An anthropometric survey of children aged 6 to 59 months was conducted, informed by guidelines for two-stage cluster sampling. Ten villages from each subcounty were chosen at random. The following indicators were measured for 30 children (not randomly selected) per village: age in months, sex, weight in kilograms, length/height in centimeters, mid-upper arm circumference in centimeters, presence of edema, presence of mother in the home, and presence of father in the home. The overall prevalence estimate of global malnutrition, defined as weight-for-height less than -2 z scores, was 2.7% (includes severe malnutrition). The prevalence estimate for stunting, defined as height-for-age less than -2 z scores, was 44.8%. There were no observed cases of kwashiorkor. Because results indicate that stunting is a major problem, programmatic efforts should emphasize young child feeding practices that will lead to decreased incidence of stunting, which would likely contribute to the development potential of the district. The authors describe efforts to address global malnutrition as well as stunting in Bundibugyo.     

Cost-effectiveness of live attenuated influenza vaccine versus inactivated influenza vaccine among children aged 24-59 months in the United States

BACKGROUND: The US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recently expanded the influenza vaccine recommendation to include children 24-59 months of age. In a large head-to-head randomized controlled trial, live attenuated influenza vaccine, trivalent (LAIV) demonstrated a 54% relative reduction in culture-confirmed influenza illness compared with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) among children aged 24-59 months. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative cost and benefit between two influenza vaccines (LAIV and TIV) for healthy children 24-59 months of age. METHODS: Using patient-level data from the clinical trial supplemented with cost data from published literature, we modeled the cost-effectiveness of these two vaccines. Effectiveness was measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) and cases of influenza avoided. The analysis used the societal perspective. RESULTS: Due to its higher acquisition cost, LAIV increased vaccination costs by USD7.72 per child compared with TIV. However, compared with TIV, LAIV reduced the number of influenza illness cases and lowered the subsequent healthcare use of children and productivity losses of parents. The estimated offsets in direct and indirect costs saved USD15.80 and USD37.72 per vaccinated child, respectively. LAIV had a net total cost savings of USD45.80 per child relative to TIV. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses indicated that the model was robust across a wide range of relative vaccine efficacy and cost estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Due to its increased relative vaccine efficacy over TIV, LAIV reduced the burden of influenza and lowered both direct health care and societal costs among children 24-59 months of age.     

汶川大地震后3个月四川省北川和理县6～23月龄婴幼儿的营养状况

目的 调查分析四川省北川、理县两个地震重灾区6～23月龄婴幼儿的营养状况.方法 测量了北川县擂鼓镇、曲山镇和理县杂谷脑镇、薛城镇和朴头乡478名6～23月龄婴幼儿的身长、体重和血红蛋白(Hb)水平,6～11、12～17、18～23月龄段婴幼儿分别为190、144、144名;分别计算年龄别体重(WAZ)、年龄别身长(HAZ)、身长别体重(WHZ);分析低体重率、生长迟缓率、消瘦率、贫血率情况.结果 6～23月龄男童和女童WAZ平均值分别为-0.97～-0.13、-0.67～-0.23,HAZ平均值分别为-1.23～-0.31、-1.25～-0.38;北川18～23月龄婴幼儿的WAZ(-0.89±1.16)和HAZ(-1.20±1.60)与6～11和12～17月龄婴幼儿差异具有统计学意义(WAZ分别为-0.32±0.92、-0.47±1.00,HAZ分别为-0.58±0.98、-0.68±1.34;F值分别为7.161、4.584,P值均＜0.05);理县18～23月龄婴幼儿的WAZ(-0.65±1.03)和HAZ(-1. 11±1.15)与6～11和12～17月龄的婴幼儿的差异具有统计学意义(WAZ分别为-0.23±0.93、-0.58±0.52,HAZ分别为-0.51±1.55、-0.80±1.19;F值分别为3.156、4.345,P值均＜0.05).北川和理县18～23月龄婴幼儿低体重率分别为15.6%(12/77)和9.1%(6/66);生长迟缓率分别为26%(20/77)和24.2%(16/66).北川18～23月龄婴幼儿的消瘦率达到了9.1%(7/77).北川、理县婴幼儿贫血率分别高达49.6%(123/248)和78.8%(178/226).中度贫血率达到7.7%(19/248)和19.9%(45/226).结论 震后北川、理县6～23月龄婴幼儿生长发育状况不佳;贫血率较高.18～23月龄婴幼儿的营养不良更为严重,应采用有针对性的营养干预.     

Anthropometric assessment of energy-protein malnutrition and subsequent risk of mortality among preschool aged children

This paper examines the usefulness of various anthropometric classification systems of nutritional status in prognosticating the subsequent risk of mortality among 2019 children aged 13 to 23 months residing in a rural area of Bangladesh. The indices investigated included: weight-for-age; weight-for-height; height-for-age; arm circumference-for-age; arm circumference-for-height; weight quotient; and height quotient. Cross-sectional anthropometry was conducted during October 1975 to January 1976 and the mortality experience of the study children was followed prospectively over 24 months. Results indicated that severely malnourished children, according to all indices, experienced substantially higher mortality risk. Normal, mild, and moderately malnourished children all experienced the same risk. All indices were found to discriminate mortality risk; weight/age and arm circumference/age were strongest and weight/height weakest. For each index, a threshold level was noted below which mortality risk climbed sharply. The discriminating power of anthropometry was enhanced when maternal weight, maternal height, or housing size were included.     

云南省贫困地区6～23月龄儿童生长发育状况调查

目的 分析云南省贫困地区6～23月龄儿童体格发育情况,为儿童保健部门工作的开展提供参考依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取云南省不同贫困程度地区1 202名6～23月龄儿童为调查对象,对抽取的调查对象进行体格检查。采用WHO AnthroV3.2.2测评软件进行Z值计算,SPSS 24.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 云南省贫困地区6～23月龄男童和女童体重均值为（9.78±1.51） kg和（9.30±1.49） kg,身长均值为（76.48±6.00） cm和（75.37±5.96） cm。不同性别儿童体重、身长均不同,差异有统计学意义（t体重 = 5.519,P＜0.001;t身长 = 3.226,P = 0.001）。6～月龄、9～月龄、12～月龄、18～月龄组儿童体重和身长分别是（8.22±1.04）、（8.61±1.04）、（9.49±1.19）、（10.73±1.30） kg和（68.69±2.91）、（71.42±3.11）、（75.85±3.61）、（81.89±3.83） cm,随着年龄的增加,儿童的体重和身长均增加,差异有统计学意义（F体重 = 255.845,P＜0.001;F身长 = 776.174,P＜0.001）;贫困中度区、贫困重度区、贫困重灾区儿童的体重和身长分别是（9.68±1.42）、（9.44±1.50）、（9.63±1.63） kg和（76.60±5.78）、（75.26±6.07）、（76.85±5.89） cm,不同贫困程度地区儿童的体重、身长均不同,差异有统计学意义（F体重 = 3.116,P = 0.045;F身长 = 9.106,P＜0.001）。儿童的营养评分WAZ、HAZ、WHZ分别为（-0.29±1.00）、（-0.58±1.22）、（0.01±1.06）,不同贫困程度地区、不同性别、不同年龄儿童的营养评分WAZ、HAZ均不同,差异有统计学意义（P值均小于0.05）。儿童的低体重、生长迟缓、消瘦发生率分别为4.24%、11.06%、2.33%。不同贫困程度地区、不同性别、不同年龄儿童生长迟缓率均不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2地区 = 28.979,P地区＜0.001;χ2性别 = 10.104, P性别 = 0.001;χ2年龄 = 11.754, P年龄 = 0.008)。结论 云南省贫困地区6～23月龄儿童存在比较严重的营养不良和生长发育落后问题,应对家长进行有效的健康教育和喂养指导,同时建议扩大营养包补充范围,提高儿童营养水平,改善营养不良状况。     

2015-2018年成都市6~35月龄儿童季节性流感疫苗接种率及安全性监测分析

目的 分析2015-2018年成都市6~35月龄儿童季节性流感疫苗（SIV）接种率及接种后疑似预防接种异常反应（AEFI）监测情况。方法 利用四川免疫规划信息管理系统和中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集2015年-2018年6~35月龄儿童SIV接种信息及接种SIV后报告的AEFI个案信息,并对收集到的信息进行分析。 结果 2015-2018年全市共接种儿童型SIV 516985剂次,357318人次,SIV接种率分别为22.41%、16.26%、21.64%和10.63%;全市2015-2018年共报告儿童型SIV疫苗AEFI 180例,总体报告发生率3.48/万剂,其中一般反应168例（占比93.33%）,异常反应6例（占比3.33%）,偶合症6例（占比3.33%）。 结论 成都市6~35月龄儿童SIV接种率较低,现有AEFI监测系统未发现不同于其他疫苗的不良反应。