脊髓纵裂畸形的影像学诊断和治疗

为了探讨脊髓纵裂的分型和手术适应证，比较Ｘ线平片，ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ对ＤＭ的诊断价值。经手术证实的１３例ＤＭ均有脊柱Ｘ红平片，平扫ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ。将ＤＭ分为有隔刺的Ⅰ型和无隔刺的Ⅱ型。Ⅰ型分为有完整隔刺的Ⅰａ型和不完整隔刺的Ⅰｂ型；Ⅱ型分为完全纵裂的Ⅱａ型和不全纵裂的Ⅱｂ型。     

眼外伤性病变的影像学诊断

回顾性分析６８例（８０眼）眼外伤的Ｘ线平片、Ｂ超、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ资料，比较其对眼外伤性病变的诊断价值。８０只伤眼中５７眼合并眼部异物，在合并的６９枚眼眶部异物中非磁性异物６５枚，磁性异物４枚。Ｘ线平片、Ｂ超、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ对６９枚异物（眼球内４８枚，眼球壁１３枚，球后６枚，眼睑２枚）诊断的阳性率分别为４９％、７４％、９１％和９０％。６枚球壁和邻近球壁异物Ｘ线平片定位错误。ＭＲＩ诊断伤后１０～６２ｄ眼内出血１３眼，Ｂ超诊断４眼，ＣＴ未诊断１眼。Ｂ超诊断玻璃体混浊５８眼，ＭＲＩ和ＣＴ分别诊断３３眼和１１眼。４０眼外伤性白内障经Ｂ超、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ分别诊断２０眼、２１眼和１８眼。ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ诊断２例球后脓肿，而Ｂ超未能诊断。ＣＴ诊断４例眼眶骨折，Ｘ线平片和ＭＲＩ各诊断２例。结果提示：ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ是检出眶内异物的最有效方法，Ｂ超主要适用于眼内和眼球壁异物的诊断；ＭＲＩ可检出Ｘ线平片和ＣＴ不能显示的少数非金属异物和较小铁异物；ＭＲＩ诊断眼内亚急性和慢性期出血优于ＣＴ和Ｂ超；ＣＴ诊断眶壁骨折优于ＭＲＩ和Ｘ线平片；Ｂ超诊断玻璃体混浊优于ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ     

股骨头缺血性坏死的CT诊断及手术抉择

〖目的〗探讨ＣＴ在股骨头缺血坏死病人诊断中的应用。〖方法〗对５０例（７０髋）股骨头缺血坏死（ＡＮＦＨ）病人及３０例（４０髋）正常人进行ＣＴ检查,并将其结果与ＭＲＩ及Ｘ线平片分期进行对比分析。〖结果〗５０例中Ⅰ期者Ｘ平片为４０例,ＣＴ为２５例;Ⅱ期者Ｘ平片为１５例,ＣＴ为３０例;余１０例Ⅲ～Ⅳ期者Ｘ线平片与ＣＴ相同。〖结论〗虽然ＣＴ诊断不如ＭＲＩ灵敏,但在显示股骨头骨折方面明显优于ＭＲＩ及Ｘ线平片。     

眼外伤性病变的影像学诊断

回顾性分析６８例（８０眼）眼外伤的Ｘ线平片、Ｂ超、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ资料，比较其对眼外伤性病变的诊断价值。８０只伤眼中５７眼合并眼部异物，在合并的６９枚眼眶部异物中非磁性异物６５枚，磁性异物４枚。Ｘ线平片，Ｂ超，ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ对６９株异物（眼球内４８枚，眼球壁１３枚，球后６枚，眼睑２枚）诊断的阳性率分别为４９％、７４％、９１％和９０％。６枚球壁和邻近球壁异物Ｘ线平片定位错误。ＭＲＩ诊断伤后１０￣６２ｄ眼内     

胸部肿块22例X线、CT和MRI诊断分析

胸部肿块２２例Ｘ线、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ诊断分析许建华张强中国一拖集团（洛阳）中心医院胸心外科洛阳４７１００３关键词胸部肿块；Ｘ线；ＣＴ；ＭＲＩ；诊断作者回顾性分析２２例胸部肿块的Ｘ线、ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ和手术病理结果，以探讨Ｘ线、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ对于诊断胸部肿块的价...     

主动脉瘤影像学诊断评价

目的：对主动脉瘤不同的影像学诊断方法准确性进行评价。方法：４７例主动脉瘤病人术前常规行Ｘ线一片，超声心动（ＵＣＧ）检验，选择性行为主动脉造影，数字减影（ＤＳＡ）及核磁共体（ＭＲＩ）检查。检查结果与手术发现进行比较。结果：ＵＣＧ对升主动脉瘤，ＤｅＢａｋｅｙⅠ，Ⅱ型夹层主动脉瘤诊断准确２率较高，主动脉造影准确率低于ＤＳＡ及ＭＲＩ，ＤＳＡ及ＭＲＩ准确率相似，ＭＲＩ夹层阳性率高于ＤＳＡ。结论：常规ＵＣＧ检     

200例颈椎病影像学断价值报告

对颈椎病２００例用Ｘ线平片、脊髓造影、ＣＴ、ＭＲ等诊断进行了分析．Ｘ线平片示：有骨质性改变：颈椎病１００％，对照组８２％，Ｘ线颈椎片能作出初步诊断。脊髓造影、ＣＴ、ＭＲ等检查可排除占位性病变．ＥＭＧ、肌肉活检可鉴别貌似颈椎病的周围神经病及肌病．对血管型颈椎病可作ＴＣＤ、ＳＰＥＣＴ、ＤＳＡ检查．ＭＲ可显示颈部椎管、脊髓内外的改变；对鉴别占位、脱髓鞘、变性、血管疾病有优势．同时对髓内是否出现异常信号，对预后可作出评价．     

椎管内病变的MRI诊断──附11例分析

椎管内病变的ＭＲＩ诊断──附１１例分析宁波市医疗中心李惠利医院缪光胜，范学海椎管内病变的诊断一般采用Ｘ线平片、脊髓造影和ＣＴ扫描。常规Ｘ线平片仅能发现间接征象，而脊髓造影只能检出病变的梗阻端，却难辩病变大小，形态和病理特征，ＣＴ能检出病变，但受到临床...     

眼内小铁异物的MRI诊断

报告经ＭＲＩ确定和手术证实的２例眼内铁磁性异物，探讨ＭＲＩ对眼内较小铁异物的诊断价值。２例铁异物均位于玻璃体内，大小分别为０．３７５ｍｍ×０．３ｍｍ×０．１５ｍｍ和０．５ｍｍ×０．４ｍｍ×０．２ｍｍ，ＣＴ、Ｂ超和Ｘ线平片均未发现。前者ＣＴ扫描使用ＴｏｓｈｉｂａＴＸＴ６００型ＣＴ机，３ｍｍ无间隔横轴面扫描，后者使用ＧＥＲＰ２２螺旋ＣＴ，行３ｍｍ无间隔横轴面和冠状面扫描。结果：ＭＲＩ２枚异物均出现了中间低信号、周边高信号的铁磁性异物伪迹，而确诊为眼内铁异物，后经玻璃体切割磁棒接力吸出异物；术中未发现有铁异物移动所致的眼部额外损伤。结果提示：场强为１．０Ｔ的ＭＲＩ可安全显示并确定Ｘ线平片、Ｂ超和ＣＴ不能发现的较小眼内铁异物     

脊柱爆裂性骨折的X线平片与CT诊断附46例分析

报告４６例（５４个椎体）爆裂性骨折的ＣＴ资料，其中２５例作了Ｘ线平片检查，结果表明，平片可确定损伤节段，椎体压缩程度和移位情况，而ＣＴ对显示骨折的细节，尤其是脊柱的中后柱受累情况个有明显的优越性，对脊柱损伤的影像学检查，Ｘ线平片，ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ各有长短，三者互为补充，可为诊断和治疗提供更多的信息。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.