焦虑症患者的血浆单胺类神经递质及相关因素研究

目的探讨血浆单胺类神经递质与焦虑症的关系及影响血浆单胺类神经递质浓度的因素.方法使用高效液相-电化学检测法测定20例焦虑症患者和21例正常人的血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)和五羟色胺(5-HT)浓度. 结果焦虑症患者的血浆NE浓度[(0.83±0.71)ng/mL]显著高于正常对照组[(0.45±0.29)ng/mL](P＜0.05),焦虑症组的血浆5-HT浓度[(89.80±54.28)ng/mL]与正常对照组[(145.62±86.02)ng/mL]相比差异无显著性(P＞0.05).多元逐步回归分析结果显示,影响血浆NE浓度的因素有性别(P=0.047)、是否急诊(P=0.034)和起病形式(P=0.042);影响血浆5-HT浓度的因素有性别(P=0.024)、显效时间(P=0.025)、A型行为问卷总分(TH+CH)(P=0.008)、TH分(P=0.010)和CH分(P=0.006).结论焦虑症患者存在血浆NE浓度的异常,血浆单胺类神经递质受到多种因素的影响.     

抑郁症和焦虑症患者血浆单胺类神经递质浓度对照研究

目的探讨血浆单胺类神经递质与抑郁症和焦虑症的关系.方法使用高效液相-电化学检测法测定55例抑郁症、20例焦虑症患者和21例正常人的血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)和五羟色胺(5-HT)浓度,同时评定汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD,24项)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA,14项).结果 2组患者的血浆NE浓度均显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),但2组之间无明显差异(P>0.05);抑郁症组的血浆5-HT浓度显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05),焦虑症组的血浆5-HT浓度与正常对照组差异无显著性(P>0.05),2组患者之间血浆5-HT浓度也差异无显著性(P>0.05). 结论抑郁症和焦虑症患者存在血浆单胺类神经递质异常,但这不能鉴别两者.     

小鼠脑组织中单胺类神经递质含量测定方法的建立与比较

目的 比较高效液相色谱(HPLC)-紫外光(UV)、HPIC-荧光(FLD)和HPLC-质谱(MS)3种检测方法测定小鼠不同脑组织中单胺类神经递质含量的优劣性,并应用最优方法测定血管性抑郁小鼠不同脑组织中单胺类神经递质的含量.方法 分别采用HPLC仪器搭配UV、FLD和MS检测器建立小鼠不同脑组织中多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)的含量测定方法,并进行系统的方法学验证,采用HPLC-FLD法对血管性抑郁小鼠不同脑组织中单胺类神经递质DA、NE和5-HT含量进行测定.结果 HPLC-UV法的定量限分别为DA 103.5 ng/mL、NE 107.5 ng/mL、5-HT 93.6 ng/mL;HPLC-FLD法的定量限分别为DA 10.35 ng/mL、NE 10.75 ng/mL、5-HT9.36 ng/mL;HPLC-MS法的定量限分别为DA 10.35 ng/mL、NE 32.25 ng/mL、5-HT 9.36 ng/mL.HPLC-FLD和HPLC-MS法对DA和5-HT的测定优于HPLC-UV法,HPLC-FLD法对于NE的测定优于HPLC-MS法,而HPLC-MS法存在较强的基质效应.HPLC-FLD法检测结果示血管性抑郁小鼠海马组织中DA含量最低,大脑皮质中5-HT含量最低,而不同脑组织中NE含量没有明显差别.结论 与HPLC-UV法和HPLC-MS法相比,HPLC-FLD法更适用于小鼠脑组织中单胺类神经递质(DA、NE、5-HT)的含量测定.DA和5-HT可以用作血管性抑郁症疾病的诊断标志物.     

心房颤动患者血栓形成与血浆组织因子和组织因子途径抑制物的关系

目的检测心房颤动(AF)患者血浆组织因子(TF)和组织因子途径抑制物(TFPI)抗原的变化,探讨组织因子凝血途径在心房血栓形成机制中的作用。方法选择心房颤动患者64例,采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)方法测定血浆TF和TFPI抗原水平,并与对照组进行比较。结果①与正常对照组比较,AF组血浆TF抗原水平显著增高[(1060.0±669.8)pg/mLvs(423.6±245.1)pg/mL,P=0.000],总TFPI和游离TFPI抗原水平降低[(38.2±8.9)ng/mLvs(70.1±24.0)ng/mL,P=0.000;(26.3±8.0)ng/mLvs(41.2±16.7)ng/mL,P=0.000]。②伴左房血栓心房颤动组与无左房血栓心房颤动组比较,伴左房血栓心房颤动组TF抗原水平显著增高[(1431.4±564.5)pg/mLvs(904.6±660.3)pg/mL,P=0.004],总TFPI和游离TFPI抗原水平降低[(33.1±9.6)ng/mLvs(40.0±7.8)ng/mL,P=0.01;(22.9±8.2)ng/mLvs(22.7±7.4)ng/mL,P=0.048]。结论心房颤动患者血浆组织因子途径改变表现为凝血活性增高和抗凝活性减低,组织因子凝血途径参与了心房颤动患者心房血栓形成机制。     

红景天甙防治兔肝移植术后疲劳综合征的实验研究

目的 研究红景天甙降低兔肝移植术后疲劳综合征的机制.方法 日本大耳白兔30只,采用随机数表法分为假手术组、模型组、红景天甙组,每组各10只,采用小肠切除-吻合术模拟术后疲劳综合征动物模型,造模10 d后进行1/2减体积原位肝脏移植手术,术后红景天甙组经尾静脉注射红景天甙治疗7d.比较三组兔外周血传出神经递质5-羟色胺(5-HT)、垂体生长素(GH),大脑皮层电位及肝功能谷草转氨酶(AST)、胆红素(TBIL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)水平.结果 模型组造模10 d及治疗7 d时5-HT[(9.93±0.22)ng/mL vs(16.23±0.52)ng/mL]、AST[(504.7±37.9)U/L vs(554.3±32.9)U/L]、TBIL[(54.87±3.21)μmol/L vs(76.87±4.22)μmol/L]、ALT[(181.6±18.3)U/L vs(312.3±34.5)U/L]明显升高,GH[(0.71±0.03)pg/mL vs(0.53±0.05)pg/mL]明显降低,大脑皮层放电[(459.23±48.08)mV vs(513.03±50.28)mV]逐渐增强,与本组造模前及假手术组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).红景天甙组造模10 d时5-HT[(10.72±0.31)ng/mL]、AST[(484.7±20.1)U/L]、TBIL[(55.21±5.21)μmol/L]、ALT(186.2±19.2)U/L]明显升高,GH[(0.75±0.02)pg/mL]明显降低,大脑皮层放电[(451.71±45.58)mV]逐渐增强,与假手术组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗7 d时,红景天甙组兔5-HT[(10.21±0.31)ng/mL]、大脑皮层电位[(321.12±38.24)mV]、肝功能AST[(194.3±22.1)U/L]、TBIL[(24.07±1.25)μmol/L]、ALT[(112.2±23.1)U/L]明显降低,GH[(2.67±0.11)pg/mL]明显增高,与造模10 d及模型组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 红景天甙可降低兔肝脏移植术后疲劳综合征.     

伴攻击行为精神精神分裂症患者血浆5-羟色胺水平的研究

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的血浆5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平与攻击行为的关系。方法对47名精神分裂症患者给予攻击行为量表(OAS)评定并分组,分别在入院次日和第4周给予OAS量表、PANSS量表评分,测定血浆5-HT的浓度。结果治疗前攻击组患者血浆5-HT的平均浓度为[(214．29±45．17) ng/ml],而非攻击组平均浓度为[(277．22±63．16)ng/ml],2组差异有显著性。治疗后患者攻击行为消失(OAS量表最高分均＜5),攻击组患者血浆5-HT的平均浓度为[(224．34±73．11)ng/ml],非攻击组平均浓度为[(237．85±48．72)ng/ml],2组差异无显著性。结论研究提示精神分裂症患者的攻击行为与血浆5-HT水平有关。     

抑郁症和焦虑症患者血浆单胺类神经递质浓度对照研究

目的　探讨血浆单胺类神经递质与抑郁症和焦虑症的关系。方法　使用高效液相 电化学检测法测定 5 5例抑郁症、2 0例焦虑症患者和 2 1例正常人的血浆去甲肾上腺素 (NE)和五羟色胺 (5 HT)浓度 ,同时评定汉密尔顿抑郁量表 (HAMD ,2 4项 )和汉密尔顿焦虑量表 (HAMA ,14项 )。结果　 2组患者的血浆NE浓度均显著高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但 2组之间无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;抑郁症组的血浆 5 HT浓度显著低于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,焦虑症组的血浆 5 HT浓度与正常对照组差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,2组患者之间血浆 5 HT浓度也差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　抑郁症和焦虑症患者存在血浆单胺类神经递质异常 ,但这不能鉴别两者。     

A型行为冠心病心律失常的实验研究

目的:探讨血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)浓度与A型行为冠心病心律失常的关系。方法:对60例确诊为冠心病的患者进行A型行为问卷测试,分为A型组32例,B型组28例。用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血浆中NE、E、5-HT浓度。结果:A型组NE、E、5-HT浓度分别为(4.32±1.27)ng/ml,(0.79±0.46)ng/ml,(13.20±11.18)ng/ml;B型组分别为(2.27±0.84)ng/ml,(0.34±0.23)ng/ml,(6.16±5.74)ng/ml,两组有显著性差异(P<0.001)。A型组出现室性心率失常12例,占37.5%;B型组出现室性心率失常3例,占10.6%,两组有明显差异(P<0.05)。结论:A型行为的人易紧张,交感神经兴奋,NE、E、5-HT分泌增加,冠脉病变严重,易出现恶性心律失常。     

Ⅲ型慢性前列腺炎患者血浆单胺类神经递质水平的研究

目的 研究Ⅲ型慢性前列腺炎(CP)患者血浆单胺类神经递质的水平与其合并CPPS、精神心理障碍等症状的关系. 方法采用高效液相-电化学法,测定20例健康志愿者及48例Ⅲ型CP患者血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)水平,采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定其血浆5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平,分别比较其递质水平.结果 健康志愿者与单纯排尿症状组的Ⅲ型CP患者血浆NE分别为(341.3±62.4)ng/L和(327.1±68.7)ng/L,DA分别为(150.9±24.7)ng/L和(152.9±18.9)ng/L,5-HT分别为(174.2±47.1)ng/L和(192.4±43.7)ng/L,两组比较差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05).健康志愿者与伴有CPPS但不伴有精神心理障碍组的Ⅲ型CP患者NE分别为(341.3±62.4)ng/L 和(415.8±60.8)ng/L,两组差别有统计学意义(P<0.05).健康志愿者与伴有精神心理障碍的Ⅲ型CP患者DA分别为(150.9±24.7)ng/L 和(186.9±14.6)ng/L,5-HT分别为(174.2±47.1)ng/L和(124.8±31.6)ng/L,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 伴有CPPS的Ⅲ型CP患者血浆NE显著高于健康志愿者;伴有精神心理障碍的Ⅲ型CP患者DA高于健康志愿者,而5-HT水平低于健康志愿者,提示血浆单胺类神经递质水平异常可能是引起CPPS和精神心理障碍的原因之一.     

多环芳烃类对人群血浆中单胺类神经递质的影响

目的:探讨多环芳烃类(Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)对接触人群血浆中单胺类神经递质的影响.方法:选取80名某钢铁公司焦化厂健康成年男性焦化作业工人作为接触组,80名氧气厂一般情况相近的工人作为对照组.使用高效液相-荧光测定法检测作业环境中苯并芘(Benzo[a]pyrene,B[a]P)浓度、高效液相-荧光测定法检测尿中1-羟基芘(1-hydrox ypyrene,1-OHP)水平、高效液相-电化学检测法测定血浆中去甲肾上腺素(Noradrenaline,NE)、肾上腺素(Adrenaline,AD)、多巴胺(Dopamine,DA)和五羟色胺(Serotonin,5-HT)含量.结果:作业环境中B[a]P浓度接触组明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).与对照组相比,接触组尿中1-OHP含量、血浆中NE、DA、5-HT含量明显增高(P＜0.05),AD含量无明显变化,并且NE、DA、5-HT含量与尿中1-OHP含量存在回归关系(P＜0.05).结论:PAHs可致接触人群中单胺类神经递质升高的改变.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.