维生素E治疗迟发性运动障碍的初步观察

对16例迟发性运动障碍患进行6周的维生素E治疗，临床观察结果表明维生素E疗效不显，可能同体本组病例为慢性病人有关。     

异丙嗪治疗抗精神病药所致迟发性运动障碍对照研究

目的 探讨异丙嗪对抗精神病药所致迟发性运动障碍（TD）的疗效。方法 采用异丙嗪与安定随机双盲对照治疗60例TD。以不自主运动评定量表AMIS、CGI评定症状和疗效。结果 异丙嗪对TD的显效率为66．7％，安定为26．7％，两组有显性差异（P＜0．01）。治疗后两组AIMS的减分率有显性差异（P＜0．01），疗效与年龄、病程之间呈显的反比关系。结论 异丙嗪治疗TD的疗效优于安定。     

舒必利治疗迟发性运动障碍

作采用双盲自身交叉对照法观察舒必利与安慰剂对迟发性运动障碍的疗效，结果显示有显差异（P＜0．01）。提示舒必利治疗有一定临床效果。     

迟发性运动障碍的糖耐量研究

目的研究伴有迟发性运动障碍（TD）的精神分裂症患者糖耐量的情况。方法按照AIMS量表评定有无TD，使用WHO诊断标准来判断有无糖耐量异常及2型糖尿病。结果与非TD组相比，TD组有更多的糖耐量异常（c2=4．45，df=1，P〈0．05）。结论对伴有TD者要经常监测血糖，如血糖过高，要给予相应的医疗干预措施。     

迟发性运动障碍的药物治疗进展

就维生素E、氯硝西泮、苯妥英、氯氮平等10种药物对迟发性运动障碍（TD）的治疗情况作了简要概述。这10种药物对TD的治疗情况虽仍不尽人意，但目前在未发现新的特异性抗TD药物之前，选择这些药物可能对TD的治疗有所帮助。另外，本文还就每种药物对TD的治疗机制进行了讨论。     

迟发性运动障碍的影响因素

概述了迟发性运动障碍（TD）的影响因素，如年龄、累积药量与用药期限、性别、精神病严重度、药物种类、锥外副反应及吸烟等，并简述其流行病学及一般防治措施。     

维生素A、E辅助药物治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染的疗效及免疫状态分析

目的分析维生素A、E辅助药物治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染的疗效及免疫状态。方法选择2016年3月-2018年1月就诊的100例儿童反复呼吸道感染患儿,根据随机双盲法进行分组。对照组50例,单用匹多莫德治疗;研究组50例,在匹多莫德治疗基础上加用维生素A、E辅助治疗,均治疗3周。比较两组临床疗效、治疗相关指标、不良反应,并观察治疗前、治疗3周后T淋巴细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白及维生素A、E水平变化。结果研究组治疗总有效率比对照组高(P<0. 05)。研究组治愈时间、感染持续时间比对照组短,感染次数比对照组低(均P<0. 05)。治疗3周后,研究组CD3^+T淋巴细胞亚群水平比对照组高,CD4^+T淋巴细胞亚群、CD8^+T淋巴细胞亚群水平比对照组低(均P <0. 05),IgA、IgG、IgM水平比对照组高(均P <0. 05),维生素A、E水平比对照组高(均P<0. 05)。两组治疗前后T淋巴细胞亚群、免疫球蛋白水平及维生素A、E水平比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0. 05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05)。结论维生素A、E辅助药物治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染疗效确切,可降低患儿疾病复发次数,缩短病程,调节细胞及体液免疫功能,加强机体抗病能力,且安全性较高,利于获得良好预后。     

番茄红素与维生素E复合制剂抗氧化作用的研究

目的:研究番茄红素与维生素E复合制剂对自然老龄大鼠的抗氧化作用。方法:对自然老龄大鼠给予0.07、0.13、0.40g/kg·BW剂量的番茄红素与维生素E复合制剂42d,检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、血清脂质过氧化产物(MDA)的含量。结果:该复合剂0.13、0.40g/kg·BW剂量组可使自然老龄大鼠的超氧化物歧化酶活力增加(P<0.05),血清过氧化脂质降解产物丙二醛含量降低(P<0.05),但对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶含量无影响(P>0.05)。结论:番茄红素与维生素E复合制剂可提高自然老龄大鼠机体的抗氧化能力,抑制脂质过氧化的作用。     

Protective effect of hesperetin against haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia and catalepsy in rats

Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of hesperetin on haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia and catalepsy in Wistar male albino rats.

Methods: Haloperidol (1?mg/kg, ip) was administered for 21 successive days to induce orofacial dyskinesia and catalepsy. Hesperetin (50 and 100?mg/kg, po) was administered 10?min prior to the injection of haloperidol for 21 successive days. Vacuous chewing movements (VCMs), tongue protrusions, catalepsy, and locomotor activity scores were recorded on 7th, 14th, and 22nd day of drug treatment. After behavioral testing, animals were sacrificed and various biochemical parameters such as brain levels of dopamine, serotonin, malondialdehyde, and reduced glutathione (GSH); and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities were estimated.

Results: Chronic administration of haloperidol significantly increased VCMs, tongue protrusions, and catalepsy in rats. It also produced hypolocomotion in rats. Hesperetin significantly inhibited haloperidol-induced VCMs, tongue protrusions, and catalepsy. Haloperidol significantly increased brain levels of malondialdehyde, decreased brain GSH, SOD, and catalase activities; and also decreased brain dopamine and serotonin levels. Hesperetin significantly reversed haloperidol-induced increase in brain oxidative stress and decrease in brain dopamine and serotonin levels.

Discussion: Hesperetin significantly ameliorated haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia and catalepsy possibly through alleviation of oxidative stress and increase in brain dopamine and serotonin levels. Thus, hesperetin may be explored further as a possible therapeutic agent for clinical management of neuroleptic drug-induced tardive dyskinesia.     

自然流产者绒毛织中维生素A、E含量及流产影响因素分析

目的 了解孕早期妇女的自然流产状况与维生素A、E营养状况的关系,为指导孕妇健康膳食提供科学依据.方法 于2010年10月～2011年4月在广州市收集进行流产刮宫术的孕妇绒毛组织共258例(自然流产组63例,对照组195例).对研究对象进行问卷调查及24h膳食调查,并采用高效液相色谱法检测绒毛组织中的维生素A、E含量.结果 自然流产组与对照组的比较中,年龄、体质指数、婚姻状况、流产史、孕周的差异均具有统计学意义(均有P＜0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,自然流产的危险因素为年龄(与≤22岁相比,23～岁组:OR=3.903,95％CI:1.533～9.937;≥29岁组:OR=2.896,95％CI:1.116 ～7.519)、流产史(OR=2.174,95％ CI:1.105 ～4.278)和孕周≥8周(OR=3.532,95％CI:1.813 ～6.883).自然流产组能量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素A、维生素E的摄入量与对照组比较,差异也无统计学意义.自然流产组绒毛组织中维生素A、E含量与对照组的比较,差异均无统计学意义(均有P＞0.05).结论 年龄、流产史是自然流产的危险因素;未见自然流产者膳食维生素A、E摄入量及绒毛组织中维生素A、E含量增加.     

维生素C、E对汞急性肾毒作用影响的实验研究

目的 探讨Vit C和Vit E对汞急性肾毒作用的影响。方法 Wistar大鼠随机分成6组：对照组,低、中、高剂量染汞组,Vit C、Vit E预处理组。染毒12h后收集12h尿样,采集血液,分离血清,切取肝脏、肾皮质样品。测定肝、肾皮质和尿中汞含量,尿 N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性和尿蛋白、血清尿素氮(BUN)含量。结果高剂量染汞组肝、肾皮质和尿中汞含量显著高于对照组,且肾皮质中汞含量显著高于肝汞,高剂量染汞组尿NAG、ALP、EDH活性和尿蛋白、BUN含量显著高于对照组。Vit C和Vit E预处理组肝、肾皮质和尿中汞含量显著高于对照组,尿NAG、ALP活性和尿蛋白含量显著低于高剂量染汞组,LDH活性和BUN含量也低于高剂量染汞组,且Vit C预处理组与高剂量染汞组差异有显著性。结论Vit C和Vit E对汞急性肾毒作用有一定的拮抗作用。     

维生素E治疗120例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的疗效观察

目的:探讨维生素E和维生素C联合治疗对120例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的临床疗效。方法:收集2007年4月～2011年5月在广西百色市右江民族医学院附属医院新生儿科住院治疗的新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患者120例,按随机对照原则分为对照组(60例)和实验组(60例),对照组给予胞二磷胆碱及对症支持治疗,实验组在对照组的基础上加用维生素E和维生素C联合治疗,观察两组患者的临床疗效和不良反应。结果:实验组患者的临床有效率为73.3%,显著高于对照组的61.7%,两组间有效率具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者药物不良反应发生率均较低。结论:维生素E和维生素C联合治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的临床疗效确切,安全性良好。     

Effects of dietary vitamin E and high supplementation of vitamin C on plasma glucose and cholesterol levels

Weanling male Sprague Dawley rats were fed ad libitum a purified basal diet free of vitamins E and C. In Experiment I (4 weeks), 24 rats were divided into four groups with 2×2 factorial design. They were supplemented with 0 or 45 IU/kg diet of vitamin E, and O or 2.0 g/kg diet of vitamin C. In Experiment II (16 weeks), 36 rats were divided into six groups with 2×3 factorial design. Vitamin E was supplemented at the level of O or 45 IU/kg diet, and vitamin C was supplemented at the level of O, 1.5, or 3.0 g/kg diet, respectively. Plasma glucose level and cholesterol level were determined in both experiments. The plasma levels of glucose and cholesterol were significantly and negatively correlated. Plasma glucose level was significantly increased and plasma cholesterol level significantly decreased by the high supplementation of vitamin C with or without vitamin E in the diet. Vitamin E deficiency decreased plasma glucose level and increased plasma cholesterol level significantly with or without vitamin C supplementation. The groups with adequate level of vitamin E (45 IU/kg diet) and no vitamin C showed moderate plasma glucose and cholesterol levels.     

The effect of vitamin E on prostaglandin levels in the immune organs of chicks during the course of an E coli infection

The effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on prostaglandin levels in the bursa and spleen of E.coli infected chicks was studied in two separate but similar experiments. In the first experiment Single Comb White Leghorn chicks were fed either a control diet (adequate in vitamin E) or a supplemented diet (containing an additional 300 IU per kilogram) and sacrificed at 21 days at several time points after infection. Infection had its maximum effect on PGE₂ and PGF_2α at 1 to 4 h post infection in the spleen and 24 to 48 h in the bursa. Vitamin E reduced PGF_2α levels in bursa but not in the spleen. In the second experiment the use of broiler chicks provided enough tissue to also determine thromboxane B₂ and 6-keto PGF_1α levels. Broiler chick bursa levels of PGE₂, PGF_2α, 6-keto PGF_1α and thromboxane B₂ were depressed by vitamin E supplementation whereas only PGF_2α was decreased in the spleen. Infection resulted in increased levels of PGE₂, PGF_2α and thromboxane B₂ in the spleen but not in the bursa.     

大理州孕早期女性血清维生素A、E水平调查

目的了解大理州孕妇妊娠早期血清维生素A、E水平,评价妊娠期维生素的营养状况,指导孕妇妊娠期合理补充维生素。方法收集2017年1月-2018年4月大理州孕妇妊娠早期血清样本共计2861份,采用高效液相色谱法定量测定血清维生素A、E的浓度。结果孕妇妊娠早期血清维生素A检测值为(0.44±0.10)ng/ml,血清维生素E为(14.55±4.09)ng/ml。与参考值比较,血清维生素A总体异常率2.48%,缺乏率2.06%,过量率0.42%;维生素E总体异常率3.32%,全部为过量异常,本研究中未检测到维生素E缺乏的情况。结论大理州孕妇妊娠早期血清维生素A、E水平95%以上均在正常参考范围内,维生素A异常以缺乏为主,维生素E以过量为主。重视孕期维生素A、E水平监测,合理正确补充,对保障母婴安全有重要意义。     

A lowering effect of a pharmacological dose of vitamin E on serum vitamin a in normal adults

We have studied the effects of oral vitamin E (vE) on serum vitamin A (vA) levels and vA transport proteins, retinol binding protein (RBP) and prealbumin (PA), in normal subjects taking and not taking pharmacological doses of vA and/or vE acetate. Nineteen subjects were given 9009 ug of oral vA acetate daily for one week. Ten of these continued on 9009 ug of vA daily for two weeks (group I), while nine received 147 mg of vE acetate in addition to vA (group II). A third group (group III) consisted of 10 subjects who received only 147 mg of vE daily for 3 weeks. Group IV represented control subjects not given either vA or vE pills over the 3 week study period. Groups I and II showed significant increases in serum vA levels after 1 week of vA treatment. Group I to week 3 (p<0.01) while group II serum vA levels significantly fell from week 1 to week 3 (p<0.01). No significant differences were demonstrated in RBP or PA in groups I and II. Group III showed a significant fall in serum vA and RBP levels from initial to week 3 (p<0.005) with no significant change in PA. Control subjects (group IV) showed no significant variation of any parameter over the three week test period. The fall in serum vA and RBP seen among our subjects taking vE alone is consistent with either enhanced hepatic vA uptake or increased vA transport to and utilization by peripheral tissues.