The value of transesophageal echocardiography in transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects in the oval fossa using the Amplatzer septal occluder

BACKGROUND: From January, 1997, as part of an international multicentric trial, we have been closing small-to-moderate atrial septal defects within the oval fossa using the Amplatzer Septal Occluder (ASO, AGA Medical). METHODS: All patients with defects within the oval fossa deemed potentially suitable for transcatheter closure were investigated by transesophageal echocardiography with the aim of gaining extra information that might alter the decision to use the device to close the defect. Views were obtained in transverse and longitudinal planes, permitting measurements of the diameter of the defect, and its distance from the atrioventricular valves, coronary sinus, and pulmonary veins. Additionally, we sought to identify multiple defects, and to exclude sinus venosus defects. RESULTS: Of 56 patients with left-to-right shunts, 41 (73.2%) were deemed suitable for closure with the Amplatzer Septal Occluder. All underwent the procedure successfully, with no complications. This includes 5 patients with multiple small defects that were sufficiently close to the main defect to be closed with a single device. Only two of these had been detected on the transthoracic study. In the remaining 15 of 56 patients, transcatheter closure was deemed unsuitable. In 9 patients, this was due to the limitation of the size of the device available during the period of study, this representing a relative contraindication. In the remaining 6 (10.7%), transcatheter closure was not performed because multiple defects were too far apart to be closed with a single device in 3 patients, two patients were noted to have a sinus venosus defect, and another was noted to have anomalous connection of the right upper pulmonary vein to the right atrium. Excluding patients contraindicated due to the size of the defect alone, transesophageal echocardiography provided extra information in one-tenth of our patients, which altered the decision regarding management. CONCLUSION: Transesophageal echocardiography is indispensable in the evaluation of patients undergoing transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect.     

经胸超声心动图监视下应用Amplatzer封堵器治疗房间隔缺损

目的 :评价在经胸超声心动图 （TTE）指导下置入 Am platzer封堵器治疗继发孔型房间隔缺损 （ASD）的可行性和治疗效果。方法 :全组 5 0例 ,年龄 1～ 5 1（18.8土 14.6 ）岁 ,术前经 TTE检查示 ASD直径平均为 4～ 33（18.3土 6 .0 ） mm。所有病例均在透视及 TTE监视下经导管置入 Amplatzer封堵器封堵 ASD。术后 3d,1～ 3月分别行经胸超声心动图、心电图及 X线检查评价治疗效果。结果 :5 0例 ASD直径的球囊测量值为 5～ 35 （19.1土 6 .9）mm,选择的封堵器直径为 5～ 36 （2 0 .9土 7.0 ） m m。 5 0例封堵器置入均获得成功 ,技术成功率为 10 0 % ,术中未发生任何重要并发症 ,无急诊手术病例。术后即刻 TTE显示 4例 （8.0 % ）存在微量至少量残余分流。术后 3天 TTE显示 2例 （4.0 % ）存在微量残余分流。术后 1～ 3月 TTE显示 5 0例 ASD完全闭合。X线检查全部显示肺血减少、右心房、室缩小。结论 :经胸超声心动图指导下经导管置入 Am platzer封堵器治疗 ASD是一种有效、安全、可行的非外科手术方法。我们建议 30 m m以上的 ASD应在经食道超声心动图下监视封堵。     

Amplatzer封堵器经导管治疗多孔房间隔缺损

目的 :探讨 Amplatzer封堵器经导管治疗多孔房间隔缺损的临床应用价值。方法 :全组患者 6（男 2 ,女 4）例 ,年龄 4～ 5 0岁 ,经 TTE或 TEE检查诊断为多孔房间隔缺损。均在 X线和 TTE或 TEE监测下经导管行 Amplatzer封堵器治疗。术后重复 TTE或 TEE、ECG及 X线平片检查以评价疗效。结果 :全组 6例患者 Amplatzer封堵器置入均获成功 ,术中无重要并发症发生。其中置入 1个封堵器的患者 5例 ,置入 2个封堵器的患者 1例。术后即刻TTE或 TEE检查 5例无残余分流 ,1例小缺损孔有少量残余分流 ,随访 1年中少量残余分流仍存在。1例肺动脉压中度增高患者 ,术后 3 0 min测量肺动脉压下降 >2 0 mm Hg。随访期间所有患者封堵器位置形态良好 ,未发现封堵器的变形 ,移位以及金属结构断裂等改变 ;右房 ,右室有不同程度的缩小 ,X线平片显示肺血有不同程度减少 ;术后ECG检查均未见心律失常发生。结论 :Amplatzer封堵器经导管治疗多孔房间隔缺损是安全有效的。对于相隔距离较近的多孔房间隔缺损 ,可采用单个封堵器封堵 ;而相隔距离较远的缺损 ,可采用同时置入两个封堵器     

应用Amplatzer封堵器治疗房间隔缺损

目的 :应用 Amplatzer封堵器治疗继发孔型房间隔缺损并对其疗效进行初步评价。方法 :全组共 6例 ,年龄38± 13岁 （2 0～ 5 5岁 ）。在透视及食管超声心动图监视下经导管置入 Am platzer封堵器封堵房间隔缺损。术后即时行食管超声心动图 ,术后 2 4h、1月、3月分别行经胸超声心动图评价治疗效果。结果 :全组疗效均佳 ,未见残余分流。结论 :应用 Am platzer封堵器治疗继发孔型房间隔缺损是有效的非手术方法 ,操作简便 ,成功率高 ,近期疗效可靠     

应用Amplatzer封堵器治疗房间隔缺损疗效评价

目的 :评价经导管置入 Amplatzer封堵器治疗继发孔型房间隔缺损 （ ASD）的治疗效果。方法 :全组 67例 ,年龄 2～ 5 9（ 2 9土 15 ）岁 ,术前经食管超声心动图 （ TEE）检查示 ASD直径 5～ 3 4 （ 2 2土 7） mm。所有病例均在透视及TEE监视下经导管置入 Am platzer封堵器封堵 ASD。 3例有大小紧邻的两个房间隔缺损存在 ,采用较大封堵器 ,一并封堵两个缺损。术后 2 4 h,1～ 3月及 1年分别行经胸超声心动图 （ TTE）、心电图及 X线检查评价治疗效果。结果 :67例 ASD直径的球囊测量值为 7～ 3 6（ 2 2土 7） m m,选择的封堵器直径为 7～ 3 8（ 2 4土 10 ） m m。 67例封堵器置入后均获得成功 ,技术成功率为 10 0 % ,术中未发生任何重要并发症 ,无急诊手术病例。术后即刻 ,TEE或 TTE显示 7例 （ 10 % ）存在微量至少量残余分流。术后 2 4 h TTE显示 4例 （ 6% ）存在微量至少量残余分流。术后 1～ 3月TTE示仅 1例 （ 2 % ）多发 ASD存在少量分流。X线检查全部显示肺血减少 ,右心房、右心室缩小。结论 :经导管置入 Amplatzer封堵器治疗 ASD是一种有效的非手术方法 ,具有操作简便、安全、技术成功率高及封堵效果好等优点 ,适合于各年龄组继发孔型 ASD的介入治疗     

Amplatzer法房间隔缺损封堵术一一经食管超声心动图测量值选择封堵器的可行性

目的探讨直接依据经食管超声心动图(TEE)测量值选择Amplatzer封堵器行二孔型房间隔缺损(ASD)介入治疗的疗效和安全性.方法68例行Amplatzer法治疗的ASD患者纳入研究.40例行球囊测量,并以所测直径作为选择封堵器的依据(第1组);28例不行球囊测量,直接依据术中TEE所测值选择封堵器(第2组).结果两组一般情况、超声心动图测量值、血液动力学指标、封堵器直径等均无显著性差异.第1组手术时间[(72.15±14.89)min]和透视时间[(14.37±6.72)min]均明显长于第2组[(58.71±13.43)min、(11.02±4.93)min,P＜0.001,P＜0.05].两组技术成功率为100%,并发症发生率为7.5%和10.7%,第1组术后即刻、术后24h及近期随访中完全闭合率分别为87.5%、92.5%、93.8%,第2组则分别为92.9%、96.4%、94.1%,差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).结论直接依据TEE测量值选择Amplatzer封堵器行ASD介入治疗是可行的,TEE测量值可望替代球囊测量值成为选择封堵器的最终依据.     

房间隔缺损介入治疗封堵器选择的影响因素

目的 探讨房间隔缺损(ASD)介入治疗封堵器选择的影响因素.方法 1114例ASD患者,男388例,女726例,年龄2～75(26.3±17.0)岁.按14岁作为儿童与成人的划分点,成人组779例,平均年龄(34.4±13.5)岁;儿童组335例,平均年龄(7.3±3.9)岁.经胸超声心动图测量不同切面缺损大小及边缘长短,根据ASD最大直径选择封堵器,分析不同年龄、缺损形态和边缘大小时,选择封堵器的差别.结果 1114例ASD患者,成功封堵1085例,技术成功率为97.4%.1085例患者中,ASD最大直径为(19.7±7.8)mm,所选择的封堵器直径为(25.8±8.9)mm,封堵器与ASD最大直径差值为(6.1±3.4)mm,封堵器/最大直径为1.3∶1.成人和儿童组ASD大小相近,但成人组封堵器直径、封堵器加大值明显大于儿童组(P<0.05);封堵器/ASD最大直径成人组为1.2～1.8∶1,儿童组为1.1～1.6∶1.随着缺损直径的增大,成人组选择封堵器的加大值亦增加,但非成比例增加.儿童组随着缺损直径的增大,选择封堵器的加大值有增大的趋势,但差异无统计学意义.ASD的最大直径与封堵器的大小显著相关,成人和儿章组其相关系数分别为0.911和0.944(均P<0.01).以ASD最小直径/ASD最大直径的比例来描述缺损的形态,发现随着最小直径与最大直径比值的增大,各组间ASD最大直径或封堵器直径虽无差异,但封堵器加大值明显增大.主动脉侧无缘组选择的封堵器、封堵器加大值明显大于有缘组(均P<0.01).结论 介入治疗ASD,封堵器选择应以测量的ASD最大直径为主体,尚需参考年龄、缺损的形态及其边缘的状况适当增减.     

超声心动图在Amplatzer封堵器经导管治疗房间隔缺损中的价值

目的　超声心动图引导Amplatzer封堵器经导管关闭房间隔缺损 (ASD)。方法　 15例待外科手术的ASD患者 ,超声检查 [12例经食管超声心动图 (TEE)检查、3例经胸超声心动图 (TTE)检查 ]符合条件而准备行经导管ASD封堵术。在超声及X线引导下 ,以ASD最大伸展径或加 1～ 2mm为标准 ,选择Amplatzer封堵器型号 ,导管送封堵器到ASD处、释放 ,腰部卡于ASD口处 ,两伞贴于房间隔两侧。结果　 2例患者ASD最大伸展径 >34mm ,没有相应大的封堵器而放弃封堵术 ,其余 13例成功地进行了ASD封堵。超声测量ASD径非常显著小于ASD最大伸展径 [(16 92± 5 35 )mm∶(2 1 38±5 0 1)mm ,P <0 0 1],平均相差 4 46mm。术后立即、2 4h、1个月及 3个月行TTE检查 ,13例患者封堵器位置准确、稳定 ,均无残余分流。所有患者术中及术后均无并发症。结论　用Amplatzer封堵器关闭ASD ,超声在病例的选择、引导封堵器置入及术后疗效观察等方面有极重要、不可替代的作用。     

房间隔缺损并发心房纤颤患者应用Amplatzer伞封堵房缺后心房纤颤的电复律治疗

目的 :初步评价房间隔缺损并发心房纤颤患者应用 Am platzer伞封堵房间隔缺损后心房纤颤的电复律疗效。方法 :2例患者 （5 1～ 5 3岁 ）。在透视及食管超声心动图监视下经导管置入 Amplatzer伞封堵房间隔缺损。术后即时行超声心动图 ,术后 2 4h,和 1,3,6月 ,分别行经胸超声心动图评价房间隔缺损治疗效果。术后 6月行电复律。结果 :2例患者疗效均佳 ,房间隔未见残余分流 ,电复律成功 ,患者转为窦性心律 ,复律后无并发症及 Amplatzer伞移位。结论 :应用 Am platzer伞封堵房间隔缺损并发心房纤颤患者 ,电复律易成功 ,是一种安全有效的复律方法。     

Amplatzer封堵器治疗房间隔缺损(附9例报告)

目的 应用Amplatzer封堵器治疗继发孔型房间隔缺损（ASD）并评价其疗效。方法 9例患者,男3例,女6例,年龄8～52（33.0±5.2）岁,体重22 kg以上。经临床、心电图、x线胸片和经超声心动图（TEE）检查诊断继发孔型ASD,导管法测定肺动脉收缩压24～46（24.4±5.5）mmHg（1mmHg=0.133 kPa）,经心内球囊测定法测定ASD直径11～30（23.3±6.2）mm。手术在X线透视和TEE监视下进行。用10F、11F或12F导管装载Amplatzer封堵器经皮穿刺插入封堵治疗ASD。术后24h、1、3、6个月行胸壁超声心动图和X线胸片评价效果。结果 手术全部获得成功,8例术后即时做TEE检查示ASD立即关闭,次日病人即能下床活动。1例有残余微量分流,1个月后仍然存在,6个月时分流消失。1例在术中发生脑栓塞,经及时用尿激酶溶栓治疗痊愈。结论 Amplatzer封堵器治疗继发孔型ASD是一种有效的非手术治疗方法,具有安全、操作简便、成功率高的特点。     

The role of echocardiography in transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects

Closure of so-called "secundum" atrial septal defects with a device inserted on a catheter necessitates precise delineation of their morphology. Echocardiography is the diagnostic method of choice to demonstrate this morphology, and to differentiate such defects located within the oval fossa from the other variants producing an interatrial communication. Precordial echocardiography usually allows selection of cases likely to be suitable for closure in this fashion. This selection is based on the localisation and the size of the deficiency in the oval fossa, the length of the interatrial septum, and the adequacy of the infolded rims surrounding the defect. Suitability for closure is reevaluated by transesophageal echocardiography, either as a separate investigation or at the start of the interventional catheterisation. This investigation requires a multiplane transesophageal echocardiographic probe, since only oblique planes will demonstrate the entrance of the systemic and pulmonary veins and their relationship to the defect. Transesophageal echocardiography serves as an important monitoring tool during the interventional procedure. As such, it is a necessary adjunct to fluoroscopy. The stretched diameter of the defect measured with a balloon is the main determinant of the choice of the type and size of the device. This diameter can be measured fluoroscopically, as well as on echo. Colorflow mapping serves to rule out residual shunting during the occlusion of the defect with the balloon. During deployment of the device, constant echocardiographic visualisation of the device and its position relative to the atrial septum facilitates proper placement. Such constant visualisation can only be provided by repeated quick acquisitions of multiple planes. Once the device is released, the investigator should continue to record the position of the device, and assess the potential for residual shunting. Most of the devices show some subtle change in position during the first 20 minutes after implantation.     

Clinical results of percutaneous closure of large secundum atrial septal defects in children using the Amplatzer septal occluder

We reviewed our experience using the Amplatzer septal occluder (AGA Medical, Golden Valley, MN, USA) to close large, secundum-type atrial septal defects (ASDs) in children. Between June 2002 and December 2005, 52 patients (mean age 13.5 +/- 8.7 years) underwent transcatheter closure of large (>/=25 mm), secundum ASDs with the use of the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO). Groups 1 and 2 included patients with a retroaortic rim of <5 mm (n = 39) or >/=5 mm (n = 13), respectively. All procedures were performed with general anesthesia and transesophageal echocardiographic guidance except for 10 patients, which involved local anesthesia and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. Successful device implantations, device sizes, approaches, complications, and closure rates were assessed. Device implantation was successful in 50 patients (96.1%), with no difference between groups (95% vs 100%, P>0.05). In 2 patients, implantation failed because of embolism or deployment failure. Device were larger in group 1 than in group 2 (29.7 +/- 4.2 vs 26.7 +/- 3.8 mm, P = 0.04). The right upper pulmonary-vein approach was more common in group 1 than in group 2 (P = 0.0001). Complications and closure rates did not differ between the groups (P > 0.05). Transcatheter closure of large, secundum ASD by using the ASO device was feasible, and complication rates were low. A deficient retroaortic rim did not preclude successful device implantation; however, a large device may be needed to close large ASD. Close long-term follow-up is necessary to determine the safety of transcatheter closure of large ASDs in children.     

Transvenous closure of moderate and large secundum atrial septal defects in adults using the Amplatzer septal occluder.

The aim was to determine the feasibility of using the Amplatzer septal occluder for closure of moderate and large secundum atrial septal defects in adults. Fifty patients aged 16-76 years (mean +/- SD, 40 +/- 15.5), underwent successful device implantation. Flow ratios of 1.4-8.5 (mean +/- SD, 2.6 +/- 1.6) were calculated. The defects were: centrally placed (n = 31), antero-superior with partial or total deficiency of aortic rim (n = 19), multiple (n = 3) and with aneurysmal septum (n = 23). They measured 4-25 mm (median 14) on echocardiography and balloon sized 7-31 mm (median 19.5). Devices of 7-34 mm (median 20) were implanted. Patient follow up for 1 month (50/50 patients), 3 months (40/50) and 12 months (13/50), achieved respective rates of 90%, 92% and 98% of complete occlusion. In one patient a transient atrioventricular block (2:1) developed, and one had a transient STT elevation. One female had an episode of 30 min loss of vision over the lateral aspect of the left eye 3 months after implantation. In conclusion, transvenous occlusion of secundum atrial septal defects with the Amplatzer septal occluder in adults is safe, and can be performed without significant complications. Large defects, defects with a very deficient or absent aortic rim, defects with an aneurysmal septum as well as some multiple defects can be closed with an almost 100% early complete occlusion rate. This makes the procedure an alternative to surgery for selected adult patients.     

Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects in adults with the Amplatzer septal occluder

OBJECTIVE—To assess the efficacy and complications of device occlusion of atrial septal defects in adults, using the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO).
DESIGN—A prospective interventional study.
SETTING—Paediatric cardiology departments in two European teaching hospitals.
PATIENTS—The first 20 patients accepted for atrial septal defect device occlusion, on the basis of transoesophageal echocardiography. Sixteen patients had larger defects with right heart dilatation, while the primary indication for closure in four was a history of early paradoxical embolism.
INTERVENTIONS—Transcatheter atrial septal defect occlusions performed under transoesophageal echocardiography and fluoroscopic guidance between December 1996 and June 1998.
OUTCOME MEASURES—Success of deployment of ASO devices, procedure and fluoroscopic times, complications, and symptoms.
RESULTS—The ASO device was successfully implanted in all 20 patients (14 female), median age 44.2 years, with no complications. Of the 16 patients with right heart dilatation, the median Qp:Qs was 2.5:1. Defects measured 11-22 mm (median 18) on transoesophageal echocardiography, with balloon sized diameter (and device size) of 13-28 mm (median 20). For all 20 patients, the procedure time ranged from 38-78 minutes (median 61), and fluoroscopy 8.4-24.7 minutes (median 15.2). There were residual shunts in three patients at the end of the procedure, which were trivial ( 1 mm) as assessed by transoesophageal echocardiography, and persisted for more than six months in only one patient. Follow up ranged from 0.1-1.5 years (median 0.7). There have been no late complications.
CONCLUSIONS—The ASO device can be used successfully to close selected oval fossa defects in adults, with minimal procedural morbidity and excellent early results.


Keywords: atrial septal defect; interventional cardiac catheterisation; Amplatzer septal occluder     

Comparison of transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defect using the Amplatzer septal occluder associated with deficient versus sufficient rims

To evaluate the feasibility of transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASDs) associated with deficient rims (<5 mm) using the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO), 23 patients (median age 10.7 years) underwent an attempted transcatheter closure. The patients had a deficient anterior rim of 0 to 4 mm (n = 20), an inferior rim of 2 mm (n = 2), or a posterior rim of 4 mm (n = 1) as assessed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) or intracardiac echocardiography (ICE). Forty-eight patients with sufficient rims (>5 mm) who underwent closure served as controls. There were no differences between the 2 groups in ASD stretched diameter and device size (p >0.05). Of 23 patients with deficient rims, 17 (74%) had immediate complete closure compared with 44 of 48 patients (92%) with sufficient rims (p <0.05). At 24-hour and 6-month follow-up, the complete closure rates were not significantly different between the 2 groups (91% for patients with deficient rims vs 94% for patients with sufficient rims at 24 hours and 100% vs 93% at 6 months, respectively). The fluoroscopic time and procedure time were longer in patients with deficient rims (13 +/- 7 and 72 +/- 26 minutes, respectively) compared with those with sufficient rims (10 +/- 4 and 61 +/- 22 minutes, respectively). No major complications were encountered either during or after the closure procedure in both groups. Thus, transcatheter closure of ASDs associated with small anterior, inferior, or posterior rims is feasible using an ASO. Long-term follow-up data are still needed to assess long-term safety and efficacy.     

经胸超声心动图引导置入Amplatzer封堵器治疗二孔型房间隔缺损

目的 经胸超声心动图（TFE）监测下经导管置入Amplatzer封堵器治疗二孔型房间隔缺损（ASD）,并对其近期疗效进行初步评价。方法33例患者,男性15例,女性18例,年龄3～17（8.7±4.0）岁,体重12.5～53（28.2±12.1）kg,单发ASD 32例,多发1例。所有病例均于X线透视和TTE监测下置入Amplatzer封堵器闭合ASD。术后重复TTE、ECG及X线平片检查。结果 术中TTE所测缺损大小为6～23（13.7±4.2）mm,采用封堵器直径为10～26（17.2±4.4）mm。33例封堵器置入均获成功,技术成功率为100％,术中2例发生一过性ST段抬高,并自行恢复,无急诊手术和死亡病例。术后即刻TTE显示3例（9.1％）存在残余分流,2例微量残余分流于术后24h消失,另1例为多发ASD患者,术后24h及5周随访提示残余分流仍存。结论 在合适患者中,TTE监测下经导管置入Amplatzer封堵器治疗二孔型ASD是一种安全有效的方法,在该部分患者中可以代替经食管超声心动图（TEE）,但在应用过程中必须严格强调适应证的筛选。     

A noninvasive sizing method to choose fitted Amplatzer septal occluder by transthoracic echocardiography in patients with secundum atrial septal defects

To simplify the conventional procedure, we developed a technique for transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs) under transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) sizing without balloon sizing. At present, device closure of interatrial communication has become a well-established technique to adequately treat severe left-to-right shunt associated with ASDs. During the traditional procedure, fluoroscopy with the waist of a compliant balloon is used to determine the appropriate size of the closure device and defect sizing. Choice of adequate closure device using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has been hitherto unreported. Between December 2002 and August 2004, 40 patients (15 males, 25 females, mean age 11.7 ± 7.8 years) with secundum ASDs underwent transcatheter closure at our institution. In group 1, 30 patients had the procedure by balloon sizing and TTE sizing. In 10 patients (group 2), TTE sizing was used as the sole tool for selecting device size and the device size was chosen to be based on the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) size and TTE size ratio in group 1. The procedure was performed under continuous transesophageal echocardiographic monitoring with general anesthesia. A correlation was found between TTE and stretched balloon sizing diameter SBD (y = 1.2645x − 1.4465; R ² = 0.9861), and between TTE size and ASO size (y = 1.3412x − 1.2864; R ² = 0.9929) in group 1. In group 2, a statistical correlation between TTE and ASO (y = 1.3419x − 0.1172; R ² = 0.9934) was also found. Good linear regression between TTE size and ASO chosen size was noted in group 1 and group 2 (R ² = 0.99). In group 2, successful device implantation was accomplished in all patients whose device size was chosen to be based on the ASO and TTE ratio in group 1. Transthoracic echocardiographic sizing is a safe and ideal method to measure interatrial defect and choose the occluding device, respectively. With our experience, the sizing based on TTE is generally easier than measurement from the balloon sizing.     

用Amplatzer房间隔缺损封堵器堵闭边缘不足的房间隔缺损

目的边缘＜5mm通常是房间隔缺损经导管堵闭的禁忌证,本研究探讨用Amplatzer房间隔缺损封堵器经导管堵闭部分边缘缺乏或边缘＜5mm的房间隔缺损的可行性.方法对23例边缘＜5mm的房间隔缺损患儿用Amplatzer封堵器进行堵闭,其中男10例,女13例,平均年龄10.7岁.20例经食道超声心动图或心内超声心动图测量的房间隔缺损前缘0～4mm,2例下缘为2mm,1例后缘为2mm.同期,48例边缘＞5mm的患儿做对照.结果全部23例边缘＜5mm的房间隔缺损患儿和48例对照儿均成功安装了封堵器.两组间年龄、缺损大小和所用封堵器大小无显著差异.23例边缘＜5mm的患儿中17例(73.9%)即刻完全堵闭,对照组44例(91.7%)即刻完全堵闭(P＜0.05);24h复查边缘＜5mm患儿及对照组的完全堵闭率分别是91.3%和93.8%(P＞0.05);6个月复查两组完全堵闭率分别是95.7%和95.8%(P＞0.05).与对照组比较,边缘＜5mm的患儿手术时间[分别为(72.5±26.5)和61.4±21.9min]和X线曝光时间[分别为(12.6±7.0)和(9.8±4.2)min]长.两组患儿术中和术后均未出现并发症.结论前、后或下缘＜5mm的房间隔缺损仍可以用Amplatzer房间隔缺损封堵器经导管堵闭,但长期手术效果尚待查明.