抗青光眼手术对原发性开角型青光眼血流动力学的影响

目的 探讨原发性开角型青光眼（primary open-angle glaucoma,POAG）眼血流动力学变化,观察抗青光眼手术对眼血流动力学的影响。方法 利用标准化彩色多普勒成像（color Doppler imaging,CDI）技术检测POAG患者16例20眼手术前后的眼球后血流状态。结果 抗青光眼术后视网膜中央动脉和睫状后短动脉血流速度较术前明显提高,血流阻力下降。结论 抗青光眼术后眼血流可得到改善,有益于保护视功能。CDI检测技术应标准化,实现检测结果的可比性。     

Longitudinal change in choroidal thickness after trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma patients

Purpose

To investigate longitudinal changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length (AL), and choroidal thickness (ChT) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes after trabeculectomy and to evaluate the parameters that might influence those changes.

Methods

In this prospective observational study, we recruited 28 patients with POAG (28 eyes) scheduled for trabeculectomy. The average macular ChTs and foveal retinal thicknesses along 6-mm segments centered on the fovea were examined preoperatively and postoperatively (at 1, 3, and 6 months) using swept-source optical coherence tomography. The IOP, AL, and mean deviation (MD) of standard automated perimetry (SAP) were also analyzed as independent variables.

Results

Results from 16 patients were included in the final analysis. A significant increase in ChT with respect to the preoperative value was observed at every postoperative stage (1 month, P < 0.001; 3 months, P < 0.001; 6 months, P = 0.011), whereas the retinal thickness showed no significant change over the study period. The ChT increase and IOP reduction were sustained throughout the 6-month period without further significant changes. Stepwise multivariate analyses showed significant correlations between the percentage decrease in IOP and the percentage increase in ChT at 1 and 6 months postoperatively. The percentage increase in ChT was also significantly correlated with a better MD of the SAP at 1 month (β = 0.01; P = 0.009).

Conclusions

The ChT increase following trabeculectomy was sustained at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The percentage increase in ChT was significantly correlated with the percentage change in IOP and (more weakly) with better SAP MD values.

     

Postoperative results of non-penetrating trabeculectomy for primary open-angle glaucoma

PURPOSE: To estimate the postoperative results of non-penetrating trabeculectomy(NPT), the success rate of postoperative intraocular pressure(IOP) and the clinical factors affecting postoperative IOP were evaluated. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 32 eyes of 32 primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG) patients who underwent NPT as the first filtering surgery were enrolled in the study. We evaluated postoperative IOP using the Kaplan-Meier method, a proportional hazard model, and multiple logistic analysis. RESULTS: 53.2% of all patients had an IOP of less than 16 mmHg without antiglaucoma medication, and 63.8% had an IOP of less than 16 mmHg with antiglaucoma medication 36 months postoperatively. The performance of Nd:YAG trabeculopuncture(YLT) was indicated as a significant factor affecting postoperative IOP by the proportional hazard model(p = 0.037). 72.2% of patients who did not undergo YLT had an IOP of less than 16 mmHg without antiglaucoma medication, and 36.5% who underwent YLT had a postoperative IOP of less than 16 mmHg. There was significant difference between the both groups(log rank test, p = 0.045). Preoperative IOP with antiglaucoma medication was indicated as a significant factor affecting performance of YLT by multiple logistic analysis. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that NPT may be useful to reduce the use of antiglaucoma medication in patients with POAG whose preoperative IOP is controllable with antiglaucoma medication.     

Nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy versus trabeculectomy in bilateral primary open-angle glaucoma

OBJECTIVE: To establish the efficacy and safety of nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy versus trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma. DESIGN: Prospective randomized trial. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-nine patients (78 eyes) with bilateral primary open angle glaucoma were included in the study. INTERVENTION: Eyes were randomly assigned to receive deep sclerectomy in one eye and trabeculectomy in the other eye. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mean intraocular pressure (IOP), postoperative medications, visual acuity, success rate, and complications. RESULTS: At 12 months, mean IOP reduction was 12.3 +/- 4.2 (sclerectomy) versus 14.1 +/- 6.4 mmHg (trabeculectomy) (P = 0.15), and an IOP 相似文献   

Quantification of blood--aqueous barrier breakdown after trabeculectomy: pseudoexfoliation versus primary open-angle glaucoma

PURPOSE: Impairment of the blood-aqueous barrier in unoperated eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome has been demonstrated by fluorescein angiography, fluorophotometry, measurement of aqueous flare, and determination of aqueous protein. We performed noninvasive quantification of aqueous flare using the laser flare-cell meter to compare blood-aqueous barrier breakdown after trabeculectomy in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and in eyes with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEX). METHODS: Twenty eyes with PEX and 20 eyes with POAG were included in the study. Trabeculectomy was performed by two surgeons according to a standard trabeculectomy technique. Intra- and postoperative treatments were identical in both groups. Aqueous flare was quantitatively determined using the laser flare-cell meter FC-1000 (Kowa, Tokyo, Japan) before and 3, 5, 7, and 9 days after trabeculectomy. Absolute flare and difference between post- and preoperative flare values were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-Test for independent samples. RESULTS: Before surgery, aqueous flare values were significantly higher in PEX than in POAG. On days 3, 5, 7 and 9 after surgery, flare values were significantly higher in eyes with PEX than in eyes with POAG. Absolute differences between post- and preoperative flare values also were significantly higher in eyes with PEX, but this was not true for percentage values. CONCLUSION: These results show that substantial blood-aqueous barrier breakdown occurs in eyes with PEX after trabeculectomy. These alterations may contribute to early or late complications of trabeculectomy and indicate the need for close postoperative follow-up evaluation in eyes with PEX.     

Risk of sudden visual loss following trabeculectomy in advanced primary open-angle glaucoma.

We studied the postoperative course of two groups of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and small residual visual fields undergoing trabeculectomy. We found that there is a considerable risk of sudden loss of visual field after operation on these patients.     

非穿透小梁手术并植入凝胶治疗开角型青光眼

目的　探讨非穿透小梁手术、丝裂霉素的应用、透明质酸钠凝胶的植入的临床效果。方法　 2 8例 (4 2眼 )原发性开角型青光眼行非穿透小梁手术并植入凝胶。术后观察眼压、视功能、滤过泡、眼内反应及前房角镜检查 ,随访 6～ 12月。结果　患者术前眼压 15 6～ 45 0mmHg(1mmHg =0 13 3kPa)平均 (2 6 3 0± 8 96)mmHg ;术后眼压 (15 3 6± 3 68)mmHg ,差异有显著意义(t =7 83 3P <0 0 0 1) ,视功能手术前后差异无显著意义 (χ2 =1 85 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,无浅前房、炎症或脉络膜脱离等并发症。前房角镜检查术区小梁网明显变薄。结论　非穿透性小梁手术并植入凝胶是一种较好的手术方法。     

Long-term results of 5-fluorouracil trabeculectomy for primary open-angle glaucoma

The effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) subconjunctival injection on the bleb formation and intraocular pressure (IOP) following trabeculectomy was studied in 27 primary open-angle glaucoma patients (33 eyes) who had never been operated upon (25 eyes) or had undergone single trabeculectomy that failed to reduce IOP (8 eyes). The results were analyzed by means of life table analysis and compared with those of 65 primary open-angle glaucoma eyes that had undergone trabeculectomy without postoperative administration of 5-FU as the first or the second filtering surgery. The surgical techniques and postoperative care were virtually identical between the eyes treated with 5-FU and the eyes that had undergone trabeculectomy without 5-FU. At the end of 28-month follow-up, the success probability was 74.8% without any postoperative antiglaucoma medication, and 100% with antiglaucoma medication. Whereas, the success probability with postoperative antiglaucoma medication was as low as 60.8% for the first, and 51.5% for the second trabeculectomy without 5-FU at the 24-month follow-up. Postoperative, subconjunctival injection of 5-FU appears to improve the prognosis following trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma patients.     

外路小梁切开联合切除术治疗开角型青光眼

目的确定外路小梁切开联合切除术治疗开角型青光眼的效果。方法对21例（36眼）相对年轻的开角型青光眼患者行小梁切开联合切除术，并与20例（33眼）单行小梁切除术的患者进行比较。结果治疗组随访14例（24眼），平均随访22．5mo，眼压控制率为87．5％（不用药），局部用抗青光眼药物达95．7％。对照组随访16例26眼，平均随访19．3mo，眼压控制率为53．8％（不用药），局部用药为73．1％，两组比较有显著差异。结论外路小梁切开联合切除术治疗相对年轻的开角型青光眼患者比单纯小梁切除术成功率明显提高。     

EX-PRESS青光眼引流钉植入术和小梁切除术治疗原发性开角型青光眼的临床观察

目的与小梁切除术对比,观察EX-PRESS青光眼引流钉植入术治疗原发性开角型青光眼的有效性和安全性。方法对药物不能控制的原发性开角型青光眼患者进行手术,随机分为EX-PRESS青光眼引流钉植入术组和小梁切除术组,每组术中均联合使用丝裂霉素。收集术前,术后1 d,2周,1,3,6,12个月的视力、眼压等基本数据。结果评价主要为平均眼压和术后并发症的发生率。手术完全成功的标准为:在不使用任何降眼压药物的情况下,眼压控制在5~18 mm Hg或比基线眼压下降20%。结果 28例原发性开角型青光眼患者共32只眼纳入研究,每组各14例。EX-PRESS青光眼引流钉植入组术前平均眼压(34.5±5.6)mm Hg,小梁切除术组术前平均眼压(33.8±6.8)mm Hg。两组比较无差异(P>0.05)。术后1年两组平均眼压分别为(12.6±4.5)mm Hg和(11.5±4.6)mm Hg。两组比较无差异(P>0.05)。术后随访1年,完全成功者EX-PRESS青光眼引流钉植入组占69%,小梁切除术组占56%。相对成功者两组分别占87%和81%。两组比较无差异(P>0.05)。在手术时间和并发症发生率上两组比较无明显统计学差异。结论对于原发性开角型青光眼患者,巩膜瓣下植入EX-PRESS青光眼引流钉装置安全、有效。     

Role of early trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma in the developing world

BACKGROUND: The lack of prospective data comparing early surgery and medical management in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the developing world led us to conduct a small randomised controlled clinical trial to evaluate acceptance and effectiveness of early trabeculectomy in these patients. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with moderately advanced POAG were randomised into three groups (Group I-Conventional medical management, Group II-Option for early trabeculectomy, Group III-Received an educational package about their disease before an option for early trabeculectomy). The patients were followed up for a period of 6 months for visual acuity, intraocular pressures (IOP), and subjective satisfaction. RESULTS: The three study groups were statistically similar with respect to mean IOP, demographic, and socio-economic profile. 35% of the patients accepted early surgery when offered a choice between early surgery and medical management in one of the groups. 65% of patients in another group expressed willingness for an early surgery after receiving health education on glaucoma. The mean IOP in the operated eyes was lower than the medically treated eyes at 2 weeks (16.6 vs 23.0 mmHg), 6 months (18.5 vs 22.8 mmHg), and 1-year review (17.9 vs 22.3 mmHg) (P<0.001). No significant difference was seen among the groups with regard to visual acuity and subjective satisfaction. CONCLUSION: There is a reasonable acceptance of early surgery in POAG patients in the developing world and increases on educating patients about their disease. Early surgery offers better IOP control with no long-term subjective adverse effects.     

Incidence of disc hemorrhages in open-angle glaucoma before and after trabeculectomy

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) by surgical intervention on the frequency of disc hemorrhages in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: We studied 99 eyes of 99 patients with POAG and 50 eyes of 50 patients with NTG, who underwent trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C (MMC) and were followed regularly at 1 to 3-month intervals at the Glaucoma Service of Gifu University Hospital. We applied Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis for the detection of disc hemorrhages before and after trabeculectomy. RESULTS: Trabeculectomy significantly reduced IOP (in POAG: 19.6 +/- 4.4 down to 11.1 +/- 4.2 mm Hg; in NTG: 15.3 +/- 1.5 down to 11.3 +/- 4.5 mm Hg; mean +/- SD). Life-table analysis revealed that the final cumulative probability of detecting a disc hemorrhage after surgery in POAG was 5.5 +/- 2.2% (calculated probability +/- SE) and was significantly lower than that (33.4 +/- 7.8%) before surgery (P < 0.0001, log-rank test). Likewise, the final probability after surgery in NTG was 23.1 +/- 6.3% and was significantly lower than that (42.1 +/- 8.8%) before surgery (P = 0.0063, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS: IOP reduction via surgical intervention significantly decreases the frequency of disc hemorrhages in open-angle glaucoma patients.     

Long-term follow-up of initial 5-fluorouracil trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma in Japanese patients.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of initial trabeculectomy with subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil in Japanese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Clinical records of 117 eyes from 117 patients with records of up to 14 years were retrospectively analyzed using the appropriate statistical methods. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 6.2 +/- 3.6 years. Criteria for successful intraocular pressure control and success probability by Kaplan-Meier method at 12 years were intraocular pressure < 21 mm Hg without medication plus a 30% or more reduction in intraocular pressure, 50.4 +/- 5.2% (SE) 38.2 +/- 5.3%; and intraocular pressure < 16 mm Hg without medication plus a 30% or more reduction in intraocular pressure, 45.9 +/- 5.1% (36.5 +/- 5.2%). Cox multiple regression analysis showed that a younger age was associated with a higher success probability (P <0.01). Eyes with lower postoperative intraocular pressure tended to show more positive value of the MD slope (P = 0.0669), whereas 7% of successfully treated eyes showed a negative postoperative MD slope (P < 0.1). The probabilities for developing bleb leaks and bleb-related infections in eyes with a functioning bleb were 28.9 +/- 12.5% and 13.0 +/- 10.4% at 12 years. CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy with 5-fluorouracil as an initial surgery in Japanese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma was effective for long-term control of glaucoma. However, the probability of late-onset bleb-related complications was not low in eyes with a functioning bleb, stressing the importance of constant care regarding bleb status.     

Scanning electron microscopy of trabeculectomy specimens in open-angle glaucoma.

We examined trabeculectomy specimens obtained at the time of surgery for inadequately controlled open-angle glaucoma by scanning electron microscopy. Of the 50 specimens ten included a broad area of the trabecular meshwork. In these ten specimens the meshwork was obscured by material. We believe the degree of occlusion was significant in these specimens, which would lead to obstruction of aqueous outflow. No similar material was found in control specimens from persons of similar age.