64层螺旋CT在小肠扭转中的诊断价值

目的探讨64层螺旋CT在小肠扭转中的诊断价值。资料与方法对7例术前CT诊断为小肠扭转,其中5例经手术证实的病例资料进行回顾性分析。主要重组方法为多平面重组(MPR)、最大密度投影(MIP)及容积再现(VR)。结果7例均正确诊断,主要征象有肠管的漩涡征(4例)、血管的漩涡征(6例)、靶环征或双晕征(6例)、鸟喙征(4例)、缆绳征(7例)、肠系膜水肿(7例)、腹腔积液(4例)。结论肠系膜血管的漩涡征是诊断肠扭转的特异性征象。64层螺旋CT扫描及重组图像对小肠扭转显示更直观、明确,具有重要的诊断价值。     

MSCTA在儿童肠旋转不良伴中肠扭转中的诊断价值

目的:探讨MSCT血管成像(MSCTA)在儿童肠旋转不良伴中肠扭转中的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析经手术证实的11例肠旋转不良伴中肠扭转患儿的临床资料和CT表现,其中男8例,女3例,年龄13天～8岁,中位年龄2.3岁.11例患儿均行CT平扫及增强检查,并采用多平面重组(MPR)、最大密度投影(MIP)、容积再现(VR)技术对图像进行后处理.结果:10例患儿表现为"漩涡征",1例患儿表现为"换位征",6例患儿可见"鸟喙征",5例患儿表现为肠管扩张、积液,4例可见肠壁及肠系膜肿胀,4例可见腹盆腔积液.结论:MSCTA对诊断儿童肠旋转不良伴中肠扭转具有重要价值.     

急性肠系膜缺血的MSCT诊断

目的:探讨MSCT对急性肠系膜缺血的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析经手术或介入治疗证实的36例急性肠系膜缺血患者的CT表现.所有患者均行CT检查,包括平扫、增强扫描动脉期、增强扫描门脉期并进行血管重建.后处理采用容积显示技术(VRT)、多平面重组(MPR)和薄层最大密度投影(MIP)进行动脉和门脉成像.结果:肠系膜上动脉栓...     

肠扭转的CT表现

目的 提高螺旋CT诊断肠扭转的正确率。方法 对9例术前CT明确诊断为肠扭转，并经手术证实病例的CT资料进行分析。主要重组方法有多平面重组法（MPR）及滑动薄层块最大强度投影法（STS-MIP）。结果 9例肠扭转诊断均正确，主要征象有肠管的“漩涡征”（6例）和血管的“漩涡征”（9例）、“靶环征”（2例）、“鸟喙征”（6例）。结论 肠系膜血管的“漩涡征”是诊断肠扭转的特异性征象，“靶环征”及肠壁强化减弱、腹水是提示绞窄性梗阻的可靠征象。螺旋CT扫描及重绢对肠扭转的诊断具有莺要价值。     

小肠扭转的螺旋CT诊断

目的:探讨螺旋CT对小肠扭转的诊断价值.方法:对8例经手术证实小肠扭转患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析.1例患者行CT平扫,7例行CT平扫和双期增强扫描,并进行图像后处理,包括容积再现(VR)、多平面重组(MPR)和最大密度投影(MIP).结果:8例中7例有肠管和血管的漩涡征,5例有鸟喙征,2例见同心圆征,4例显示肠管壁强化减弱、肠壁水肿和腹水.结论:肠管和血管的漩涡征是诊断小肠扭转的特征性征象,同心圆征、肠管强化减弱、肠壁水肿和腹水的出现,则高度提示绞窄性肠梗阻;螺旋CT增强扫描和图像重组可对小肠扭转做出准确的定位和定性诊断.     

多层螺旋CT在肠系膜缺血诊断中的应用

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT（MSCT）对肠系膜缺血的诊断价值和临床意义。方法：对43例怀疑肠系膜缺血患者行MSCT检查,包括平扫、动脉期和门静脉期扫描,采用容积成像（VR）、多平面重组（MPR）和最大密度投影（MIP）进行动脉和门脉成像,评价并分析异常的MSCT征象。结果：肠系膜上动脉栓塞7例,管腔内血栓影,肠管扩张积气、积液;肠壁无强化,5例肠壁变薄,2例肠壁水肿增厚。肠系膜上静脉血栓形成36例,肠管扩张积气、积液33例;肠壁水肿增厚伴密度改变（面包圈征）25例;肠系膜血管增粗,脂肪渗出（缆绳征）17例;肠系膜血管走行异常（漩涡征）9例;肠系膜静脉管腔内充盈缺损36例,管壁强化（靶征）27例。结论：MSCT扫描与三维重组技术相结合能准确诊断肠系膜缺血并明确其缺血程度、范围,是一种有效的、无创的影像学检查手段。     

肠系膜脂膜炎MSCT影像特征分析

目的分析肠系膜脂膜炎(MP)MSCT的表现特征,提高对其诊断的正确率。方法回顾性分析49例MP的MSCT表现特点,按照CT标准并结合临床做出诊断。CT平扫34例,平扫加双期增强扫描15例,并采用1.25mm层厚和1mm重建间隔获得最大密度投影(MIP)和多平面重建(MPR)图像。结果 49例病变均位于小肠系膜,包绕肠系膜血管;炎症渗出型47例,CT平扫均呈不均匀脂肪密度,CT值-74～-23HU,明显高于腹膜后正常脂肪密度(-116～-92HU),其中13例增强扫描,病灶无明显强化;脂肪坏死型和纤维化型各1例,表现为脂肪包块内出现肿块,前者为囊性肿块,后者为软组织肿块,增强扫描软组织肿块中度强化,静脉期CT值上升约40HU。49例中,出现"假包膜征"32例,"脂环征"36例,"小结节"21例,肠系膜血管狭窄2例。结论 MP的MSCT表现具有特征性,是MP非常有价值的诊断手段。     

成人肠扭转MSCT的诊断价值

目的 探讨成人肠扭转多层螺旋CT(MSCT)征象.方法 回顾性分析72例经手术病理确诊为成人肠扭转患者的16层MSCT腹部检查影像资料.结果 有血管的漩涡征70例、肠管的漩涡征58例、靶环征35例、鸟喙征37例.结论 MSCT检查对成人肠扭转的诊断、治疗具有重要指导作用,肠系膜血管的“漩涡征”是诊断肠扭转的特异性征象.     

多层螺旋CT与DSA对消化道出血的比较研究

目的:研究多层螺旋CT(MSCT)对消化道出血的诊断价值.方法:对临床疑似消化道出血13例患者行MSCT检查,采用动脉期、静脉期增强扫描,并结合MSCT多平面重建(MPR)、最大密度投影(MIP)图像分析诊断,并与DSA对照,部分病例经手术或临床随访证实.结果:13例临床拟诊消化道出血患者,MSCT明确诊断出血部位11...     

多层螺旋CT及其三维重组对中央型肺癌的诊断价值

目的:评价多层螺旋CT(MSCT)及其三维重组对中央型肺癌(CLC)的诊断价值。方法:58例CLC患者,经MSCT平扫,增强动、静脉期扫描,二维多平面及曲面重组(MPR及CPR),三维容积重组(VR)、最大密度投影(MIP)及仿真内窥镜重组(CTVE),同时均经支气管镜及其病理检查,44例经术后病理证实。并将各种重组诊断结果与横断面扫描结果进行统计学对比分析。结果:58例CLC MSCT三维重组、支气管镜及手术分三型:腔内结节型5例,环状狭窄型19例,偏心狭窄截断型34例。MPR及CPR、MIP、CTVE诊断结果与横断面扫描相比,差异无显著性;VR差异则有显著性。结论:MSCT三维重组能准确分型诊断CLC,评价气管、支气管树肿瘤侵犯程度与范围,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.