海南人群及驻地官兵虫媒病毒血清流行病学调查

调查了解海南省人群及驻官兵虫媒病毒感染情况。方法应用间接免疫劳光法对海南省驻地部队和三个地区共６０７份人血清检测了１２种虫媒病抗体。结果：驻地部队３８５份人血清中,黄病毒抗体阳性率为５．７％,甲病毒抗体性为０．５２％;海南省当地２２２份人血清中,黄病毒抗体阳性率为１０．４％,甲病毒抗体阳性率为４．９％。     

新疆阿勒泰地区人(畜)莱姆病血清流行病学调查

目的：调查新疆阿勒泰地区人（畜）莱姆病感染情况。方法：间接免疫荧光试验（ＩＦＡ）、酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）。结果：羊、牛、马和人血清莱姆病抗体阳性率分别为２２５％（１９９／８８３）、１７３％（６９／３９９）、２５０％（５／２０）和９０５％（１８／１９９）。血清学阳性的人和动物中，有的表现出莱姆病的临床症状与体征。动物血清阳性率明显高于人。结论：首次证实该地区存在莱姆病自然疫源地，并初步揭示人（畜）莱姆病的流行特点及相互关系     

湖北省莱姆病血清流行病学调查研究

目的：查明湖北省人群莱姆病感染情况。方法：间接酶联免疫吸附试验、莱姆病血清流行病学调查。结果：从１１９２人中检出阳性１５２份,排除钩体ＭＡＴ阳性３０份,实际莱姆病ＩｇＧ抗体阳性１２２份,阳性率１０．４９％（１２２／１１６２）。其中五峰县１４．３９％,南漳县９．９２％,保康县７．１２％。男性阳性率１０．７１％,女性阳性率９．９４％,性别间差异无显著性。人群年龄为９～６８岁,２０～４０岁青壮年感染阳性率最高。不同职业人群感染率,农民８．９３％,林业工人１３．６５％,学生３．５７％。人群蜱叮咬率为５．９２％。有蜱叮咬史者莱姆病阳性率高达５６．７１％;而无明确蜱叮咬史者阳性率仅为７．６７％。确诊莱姆病关节炎４例。结论：湖北省人群中有莱姆病的感染存在,并有莱姆病发生。     

湛江地区弓形体病初步调查报告

本文介绍湛江地区弓形体病初步调查情况,从阳江县岗列公社2头"蓝耳"病猪分离到2株弓形体。用血凝试验检查7个市县的猪血清96份,阳性19份,阳性率为19.8%;检查鸡血清8份,阳性1份;检查鹅血清4份,阳性2份。
用血凝试验检查人血清57份,阳性4份,阳性率为7.0%,其中3个县兽医站工作人员血清8份,阳性4份,反映感染弓形体与职业有关。     

江苏省肝炎病人血清抗－HCV抗体调查

本文对江苏省不同地区１１个市（县）８１４份各类肝炎病人血清抗丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）抗体情况进行了调查。结果表明：急性散发性肝炎抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为５．７２％（２２／３８４），慢性活动性肝炎１５．４０％（５３／３４４），慢性迁延性肝炎８．１４％（７／８６），同时检测原发性肝癌病人２６例，抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率２３．０８％（６／２６）。在４３０份慢性肝炎病人血清中ＨＢｓＡｇ检出率２３．７２％（１０２／４３０），抗－ＨＣＶ与ＨＢｓＡｇ两项都阳性３．２５％（１４／４３０）。在慢性肝炎中，ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性病例的抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为１３．１２％（１４／１０２），ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性者为１４．２％（４６／３２８），两组间无统计学差异。     

12省市人群中微小病毒B19IgG抗体水平调查

用ＥＬＩＳＡ方法对全国１２省部分地区人群共７６０份血清Ｂ１９ＩｇＧ水平进行了调查。２８３份健康人血清抗体阳性率为３０．２％～９０．５％，平均４５．６％；病人血清４４５份，其中表现出与Ｂ１９感染所致疾病相似症状者（３３２份）Ｂ１９ＩｇＧ阳性率为３８．８％，水平高于患其它疾病人群（１１３份血清，阳性率２５．７％，ｕ＝２．５３３，０．０２＞Ｐ＞０．０１）；另外调查孕妇３２例，阳性率４０．６％。说明微小病毒Ｂ１９在中国人群中存在着广泛的感染     

河南省乙型病毒性肝炎感染现状调查研究

应用放射免疫法，对１９９２年从河南省１３个市、县调查范围内１－５９岁健康人群中，随机采取的５８９８份血清进行了乙型肝炎感染标志检测，其结果表明：河南省正常人群ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率为１１．１％，抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率为３２．８％，抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率为５４．５％，总感染率为６４．２％。     

武汉高校2308名职工HBV血清学检测

１９９２￣１９９７年对武汉地区５所高校职工２３０８人乙肝感染情况进行了调查，结果总阳性率为１８．５％，ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率为９．９％，低于全国感染率，经两对半各项分析，４２７例乙肝病毒感染者中，伴有ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性占５３．９％，故建议体检验项目不应只检查ＨＢｓＡｇ一项，而应全部检查两对半为妥。     

12省市人群中微小病毒B19—IgG抗体水平调查

用ＥＬＩＳＡ方法对全国１２省部分地区人群共７６０份血清Ｂ１９－ＩｇＧ水平进行了调查。２８３份健康人血清抗体阳性率为３０．２％－９０．５％，平均４５．６％，病人血清４４５份，其中表现出与Ｂ１９感染所致疾病相似症状者Ｂ１９－ＩｇＧ阳性率为３８．３８％，水平高于患其它疾病人群；另外调查孕妇３２例，阳性率４０．６％。说明微小病毒Ｂ１９在中国人群中存在着广泛的感染。     

天津地区人畜弓形体病感染情况调查初探

作者为了探索天津地区人畜中弓形体实际感染状况,于1983年12月—84年9月用间接血凝法作了弓形体血清流行病调查。人血清主要采自本市市区八所医院就诊患者及郊区县的农民和中小学生。共采集人和动物血清1985份,其中人血清1553份,查出阳性130份,阳性率为8.4%;猪血清141份,阳性39份,阳性率为8.4%;牛血清51份,阳性6份,阳性率为11.8%;兔血清120份,阳性7份,阳性率5.8%;鸭血清120份,阳性9份,阳性率为7.5%。人群弓形体感染情况: 1.弓形体感染之年龄分布:9岁以下组阳性率为12.5%(5/40),10—19岁组阳性率为9.6%(64/664),20—29岁阳性率为8.7%(28/321),30—39     

承德地区莱姆病自然疫源性特征分析

目的了解承德地区莱姆病自然疫源地存在状况。方法于承德林区捕鼠、采蜱；巴伯-斯托纳-凯利培养基(BSK)分离蜱内病原体；PCR扩增蜱、鼠体内目的片段及序列测定；对林区居民及动物牛、羊进行血清抗体检测。结果全沟硬蜱为优势蜱种，从中PCR扩增出目的片段，基因序列同源性比较，提示此感染菌株与欧亚大陆常见的莱姆病螺旋体Borrelia afzelii种具有高度同源性。林区居民及动物牛、羊血清抗体检出阳性率较高，分别为13．3％，23．3％，30％。结论全沟硬蜱是承德地区的优势蜱种；并发现其感染有致病性莱姆病螺旋体Borrelia afzelii种。林区羊、牛为重要的贮存宿主。林区人群存在莱姆病螺旋体自然感染，可初步认定承德地区为莱姆病自然疫源地。     

二棘血蜱生态习性及其特点的初步研究

目的：初步研究莱姆病主要媒介二棘血蜱的生态习性及其特征。方法：采用流行病学调查方法在疫源地进行相关因素的研究,分析其相关特点。结果：二棘血蜱为当地优势蜱种,其密度为275只/布旗人工小时;该蜱中肠检查带菌率为40%;从50只二棘血蜱分离到8株莱姆病螺旋体;该蜱有明显的季节消长和时限性;6-7月是二棘血蜱的繁殖期,其数量与气温、雨量密切相关;蜱的数量变化与生境等因素有关。其特征：二棘血蜱在疫源地内呈岛状分布;密度与农作物接壤的林间或林边草坪高于其他生境;二棘血蜱的数量变化与人畜野外活动频繁环境相关;该蜱喜向阳、光线充足、较湿润、浅草坪的生镜。结论：通过流行病学调查,初步掌握了二棘血蜱的生物学特征,为进一步研究莱姆病提供了依据。     

陕西省莱姆病自然疫源地调查研究

目的调查了解陕西省莱姆病自然疫源地。方法人群莱姆病螺旋体血清抗体检查,采用间接免疫荧光法(IFA);莱姆病患者,采用个案调查;蜱样,采用拖旗法采集;莱姆病螺旋体检测,采用巢式PCR法;莱姆病螺旋体基因分型,采用RFLP法。结果通过血清流行病学调查,陕西省富县张家湾镇、南郑县碑坝、陇县八渡镇3个农林地区人群莱姆病螺旋体自然感染率分别为8.33%(6/113)、8.88%(3/36)和7.51%(4/45)(P0.05),发现莱姆病患者14例,蜱类以嗜群血蜱和达吉克斯坦革蜱为优势种,检测蜱样1 116只。检测出阳性138只,总阳性率为12.35%。物种的阳性率分别为嗜群血蜱30.06%(107/356),达吉克斯坦革蜱3.88%(29/747),日本血蜱15.38%(2/13);检测出阳性蜱样138只,其中嗜群血蜱107只,84只为伽氏疏螺旋体基因型,23只为阿弗西尼疏螺旋体基因型;达吉克斯坦革蜱29只,24只为伽氏疏螺旋体基因型,5只为阿弗西尼疏螺旋体基因型;日本血蜱2只,均为伽氏疏螺旋体基因型。结论研究提示陕西省富县张家湾镇、南郑县碑坝、陇县八渡镇3个农林地区存在莱姆病自然疫源地。     

Modulatory effect of cattle on risk for lyme disease

To determine the effect of cattle on the risk for Lyme disease, we compared the prevalence of spirochete infection in questing vector ticks collected from a pasture with low-intensity cattle grazing with the prevalence in those collected from a site on which no cattle grazed. The presence of cattle limited the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., but not B. miyamotoi, in vector ticks. The reintroduction of traditional, nonintensive agriculture in central Europe may help reduce risk for Lyme disease.     

内蒙古地区2015—2019年不同寄生蜱的种群分布及病原体多样性分析

目的 了解内蒙古地区2015—2019年不同寄生宿主蜱的蜱种分布、病原体感染及复合感染状况。方法 在每年蜱活跃高峰期采集蜱标本,经体视显微镜和特异性18S rRNA基因分型法进行蜱种鉴定。提取蜱基因组DNA,并对斑点热立克次体gltA和rOmpA基因、无形体msp2基因、埃立克体omp1基因、莱姆病螺旋体flaB基因和新型回归热螺旋体glpQ基因等病原体进行PCR检测。结果 本次共采集蜱虫6 465只,隶属于1科5属8种。游离蜱多为全沟硬蜱（79.0%）;羊和牛寄生蜱多为草原革蜱（68.2%,52.0%）;马和骆驼寄生蜱均为亚洲璃眼蜱;犬寄生蜱均为图兰扇头蜱。立克次体gltA阳性率为39.4%,其中羊、骆驼、马、牛等家畜寄生蜱阳性率均超过平均值;其他4种病原体多为游离蜱携带,其阳性率分别为12.3%、10.1%、11.0%、17.0%。内蒙古地区蜱媒疾病复合感染率为12.6%,其中,游离蜱复合感染率高于寄生蜱。结论 家畜感染立克次体较严重。游离蜱的复合感染情况较严重,因此要重点加强东部大兴安岭一带蜱媒传染病的监测工作。     

Detection of four species of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in The Netherlands.

Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) were investigated for their value as sentinel animals for Lyme borreliosis in the Netherlands. Serum was obtained from 114 roe deer, and 513 Ixodes ricinus, predominantly females (72%), were obtained from 47 animals (41%). The polymerase chain reaction was used to detect DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in a total of 190 ticks, comprising 106 engorged ticks and 84 non-engorged ticks. Borrelia DNA was detected in 24 engorged ticks (23%) and 26 non-engorged ticks (31%). This difference was not significant (P = 0.25). Four species of B. burgdorferi sensu lato were identified in the ticks. B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii and group VS116. B. afzelii was most commonly found and present in 13 mixed infections, and in 28 single infections. Fifteen sera (13%) contained antibodies to Borrelia spp. Ticks are more appropriate sentinel animals for Lyme borreliosis than roe deer, an important host for I. ricinus. Although the viability of borrelia spirochaetes in engorged ticks collected from roe deer was not assessed, a bloodmeal taken from roe deer did not eliminate borrelia spirochaetes from the tick. The relevance of this finding for transovarial transmission of borrelia spirochaetes in ticks is discussed.     

Detection of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) in UK ticks using polymerase chain reaction

Nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from woodland areas in South Wales, UK, were tested using the polymerase chain reaction for the presence both of the causative agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) and Borrelia burgdorferi. Twenty-two of 60 (37%) ticks were found positive in the PCR for B. burgdorferi and 4/60 (7%) for the HGE agent. One tick was found positive both for B. burgdorferi and HGE agent. Our findings imply the presence of the HGE agent in UK ticks and the finding of a tick apparently containing both pathogens underlines the potential for concurrent infection with HGE agent and B. burgdorferi to occur after a single tick-bite. Based on our observations, we conclude that there may be a need to consider a range of pathogens both in laboratory investigation and clinical management of suspected tick-borne disease in the UK, particularly where there is a clinical presentation atypical of Lyme borreliosis alone.     

中国六省蜱中莱姆病螺旋体分离与鉴定

目的 了解中国6省蜱中莱姆病螺旋体携带情况.方法 在6省各选取2个采样点捕蜱,采用病原分离培养和巢式PCR方法对蜱进行莱姆病螺旋体检测,通过基因测序确定分型.结果 6省共采集到2200余只蜱,约1000只蜱用于病原分离培养,从吉林省长白县全沟硬蜱标本中分离到13株螺旋体,从贵州省道真粒形硬蜱标本中分离到9株螺旋体.1255只蜱用于PCR检测,从6省的蜱标本中检测到莱姆病螺旋体特异片段,其中吉林省(长白县27.08%、通化县20.41%)、青海省(互助县25.06%、黄南县21.11%)和贵州省(道真县25.63%)蜱中莱姆病螺旋体阳性率较高,山西省(垣曲县4.72%、交城县3.64%)蜱中莱姆病螺旋体阳性率较低.通过序列同源性分析确定吉林、青海、甘肃和山西省蜱中莱姆病螺旋体基因型均为Borrelia garinii.贵州、湖南省的基因型均为Borrelia valaisiana.结论 6省蜱中均带有莱姆病螺旋体,且带菌率有差异;山西省蜱中存在Borrelia ganmi型莱姆病螺旋体,湖南省蜱中存在Borrelia valaisiana型莱姆病螺旋体.     

用聚合酶链方法对北京林区莱姆病疫源地及莱姆病病原体基因型的探索性研究

目的：进一步明确北京林区是否存在莱姆病的自然疫源地及其分布，方法基于莱姆病螺旋体外膜蛋白A基因建立半巢式聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reactio,PCR)方法，对从北京6个林区采集的蜱和鼠进行检测和基因分型，选择阳性标准本进行克隆和序列测定，与已知序进行同源性比较，间接免疫荧光法检测抗莱姆病螺旋体IgG抗体，从长角血蜱中分离莱姆病螺旋体。结果：从门头沟区东灵山采集的标本中检测到莱姆病螺旋体DNA片段，3只游离全沟硬蜱1只检测阳性，57只寄全沟硬蜱若蜱中1只检测阳性；119只野鼠中9只检测阳性，其中8只，B.garinii阳性，1只B.afzelii阳性。50份野鼠血清有5份莱姆病螺旋体IgG抗体阳性，采集采的160只长角血蜱（20只／组）。未分离到莱姆病螺旋体菌株。结论：北京门头沟区东灵山可能存在莱姆病的自然疫源地，包括两个基因型，全沟硬蜱可能是莱姆病的传播媒体，野鼠可能是贮存宿主。     

Small risk of developing Lyme borreliosis following a tick bite on Ameland: research in a general practice

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the percentage of ticks infected with Borrelia burgdorferi on the Dutch North Sea island of Ameland, and the risk of developing Lyme disease following tick bite on the island. DESIGN: Prospective, observational. METHOD: Ticks were collected from patients who visited a general practitioner and were tested for the DNA of B. burgdorferi. After 6 months the patients were interviewed by phone using a standardised questionnaire. RESULTS: From 2004-2006, 216 ticks were collected from 167 persons. Most ticks were removed within 24 hours. In 44 ticks (20.4%) B. burgdorferi DNA was detected. Follow up information was available on 146 persons, 41 (28.1%) of whom had been bitten by a Borrelia-positive tick. None of the persons developed a typical erythema migrans. From the 13 persons (9%) reporting a non-specific redness of the skin (diameter less than 5 cm) at the site of the tick bite, 5 had been bitten by a positive tick and 8 by a negative tick. One patient bitten by a positive tick reported systemic symptoms related to Lyme borreliosis, namely fatigue, perspiration and joint ache, without local redness. CONCLUSION: The probability of developing Lyme borreliosis was low even though a relatively large percentage of the ticks collected were positive for B. burgdorferi. This is probably connected to the fact that in the majority of cases the tick had been removed within 24 hours.