Validated HPLC method for determination of LASSBio-581, a new heterocyclic N-phenylpiperazine derivative, in rat plasma

A rapid, simple and accurate high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of LASSBio-581 (1-[1-(4-chloro-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,3]triazol-4-ylmethyl]-4-phenyl-piperazine) in rat plasma using ketoconazole as internal standard. Plasma samples were deproteinized with methanol. A good chromatographic separation was achieved using a reversed phase C₁₈ column. Mobile phase consisting of sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate (pH 4.5, 0.02 M) and methanol mixture (35:65, v/v) was used at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The eluate was monitored using a UV detector at 248 nm. The retention times of LASSBio-581 and the internal standard were approximately 3.8 and 5.6 min, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 0.25–8.0 μg/ml with correlation coefficients >0.99. The limit of quantitation was 0.25 μg/ml. The accuracy of the method was >90%. The intra-day relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) ranged from 6.15 to 10.52% at 0.4 μg/ml, 7.44 to 13.81% at 1.5 μg/ml and 6.10 to 13.94% at 6.0 μg/ml. The inter-day R.S.D. were 9.54, 8.42 and 8.25% at 0.4, 1.5 and 6.0 μg/ml, respectively. No interference from endogenous substances or metabolites were observed. The method has been used to measure plasma concentrations of LASSBio-581 in pharmacokinetic studies in rats.     

Validation of rapid and simple LC-MS/MS method for determination of voriconazole in rat plasma

A rapid, simple and sensitive LC-MS/MS analytical method was developed and validated for the determination of voriconazole (VRC) in rat plasma, using ketoconazole as internal standard (IS). Analysis was performed on a Shimadzu HPLC system using a Shimadzu C18 column and isocratic elution with acetonitrile-water-formic acid (60:40:0.05, v/v/v), at a flow of 1.0 mL/min (split ratio 1:5), and a mass spectrometer Micromass, equipped with a double quadrupole and an electrospray ionization interface, operated in a positive mode. Plasma samples were deproteinized with methanol (1:2) and 30 microL of the supernatant was injected into the system. The retention times of VRC and IS were approximately 3.3 and 2.7 min, respectively. Calibration curves in spiked plasma were linear over the concentration range of 50-2500 ng/mL with determination coefficient >0.98. The lower limit of quantification was 50 ng/mL. The accuracy of the method was within 5%. Intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were less or equal to 12.5 and 7.7%, respectively. The applicability of the LC-MS-MS method for pharmacokinetic studies was tested using plasma samples obtained after intravenous administration of VRC to male Wistar rats. The reported method provided the necessary sensitivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and specificity to allow the determination of VRC in pre-clinical pharmacokinetic studies.     

Determination of the cardioactive prototype LASSBio-294 and its metabolites in dog plasma by LC-MS/MS: application for a pharmacokinetic study

In this work we describe the evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of a novel cardioactive compound of the N-acylhydrazone class, LASSBio-294, using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in dog plasma for the first time. Separation was achieved on a ZORBAX Rapid Resolution High Definition (RRHD) SB-C18 (50mm×2.1mm, 1.8μm) reversed-phase column at 20°C with methanol-10mM ammonium acetate solution (65:35, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min. Detection was performed using an electrospray ionization (ESI) operating in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode by monitoring the ion transitions from m/z 275.2→149.1 (LASSBio-294) and m/z 152.0→110.0 (acetaminophen, internal standard). The calibration curve of LASSBio-294 in plasma showed good linearity over the concentration range of 1.25-800ng/mL. The validated method was successfully applied to a pre-clinical pharmacokinetic study of the cardioactive prototype LASSBio-294 in beagles after oral administration. The main pharmacokinetic parameters t(1/2), C(max) and AUC(0-24) were (5.74±0.55)h, (547.66±35.12)ng/mL and (1621.77±41.66)ngh/mL, respectively.     

液-质联用法测定大鼠血浆中异烟肼及其代谢产物乙酰异烟肼的浓度

目的：建立应用LC-MS/MS测定大鼠血浆中异烟肼及其体内代谢物乙酰异烟肼浓度的方法,并将其应用于异烟肼及乙酰异烟肼在大鼠体内过程的研究。方法：血浆样品采用甲醇沉淀蛋白进行提取,以ESI电离源在正离子模式下检测,用Waters Cortecs C₁₈（4.6 mm×100 mm,2.7 μm）色谱柱,甲醇-水溶液为流动相等度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL·min^-1。结果：异烟肼及乙酰异烟肼在大鼠血浆中的线性范围及定量限均符合测定要求,日内、日间精密度及基质效应均<15%。结论：本方法快速、灵敏、专属性强且重现性好,可用于大鼠血浆中异烟肼及乙酰异烟肼药动学研究。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定大鼠血浆中forsklin的浓度及其药代动力学（英文）

目的建立了测定大鼠血浆中forsklin的液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）。方法血浆样品经叔丁基甲醚萃取后,以水（0.1%甲酸）-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,BetaBasic-C18柱分离。通过电喷雾离子化四极杆串联质谱,以多反应监测（MRM）方式进行正离子检测,用于定量分析的离子对分别为m/z 411→375.3（forsklin）和285→193（地西泮）。结果在本实验条件下,forsklin血浆浓度测定方法的线性范围为0.5~1000 ng/ml,定量下限为0.5 ng/ml。日内、日间精密度（相对标准差RSD）均小于14.4%;准确度（相对误差RE）在-3.5%和3.8%之间。方法的专属性,绝对回收率,稳定性和基质效应均符合要求。结论该法快速、灵敏、准确,可用于forsklin的药代动力学研究。     

液相-质谱联用测定人血浆中尼群地平的浓度

目的:建立人血浆中尼群地平的HPLC-MS/MS定量分析方法。方法:血浆样品经液-液萃取预处理,色谱柱为Eclipse C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水梯度洗脱,采用三重四级杆质谱仪进行多反应监测方式(MRM),电喷雾离子源,对所建立方法进行了较全面的验证。结果:线性范围为0.1~50.1 ng/mL,最低定量浓度为0.1 ng/mL,提取回收率分别为84.1%、94.1%和87.0%,且稳定性良好。结论:该方法操作简便、快速、灵敏度高,可用来进行尼群地平的临床血药浓度测定和药动学研究。     

Determination of a novel derivative of the PAC-1 anticancer agent in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetics study

A new and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of SM-1 in rat plasma. After a simple protein precipitation, SM-1 and internal standard (gefitinib) were separated with gradient elution on a Waters XBridge C₁₈ (50 mm×4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) using acetonitrile–methanol–10 mM ammonium acetate (37.5:37.5:25, v/v/v) as mobile phase. The triple quadruple mass spectrometer was set in positive electrospray ionization mode, multiple reaction monitoring was used for quantification. The precursors to produce ion transitions monitored for SM-1 and IS were m/z 407.3→203.4 and 447.3→128.3, respectively. The method validation was conducted over the curve range of 30–6000 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 4.7%, the average extraction recoveries ranged from 98.7% to 104.1% for each analyte. SM-1 was proved to be stable during sample storage preparation and analytical procedures. All the results met the acceptance criteria in accordance with the FDA guidance for bioanalytical method. Consequently, this method was successfully applied to determine SM-1 concentrations in rats after oral administrations at the doses of 200, 100 and even 50 mg/kg.     

Development and validation of a liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of sunitinib in rabbit plasma

A liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the measurement of sunitinib in rabbit plasma. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile, samples were analyzed on a Zorbax Extend-C₁₈ column (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm). The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile and deionized water (containing 0.05% formic acid)at a ratio of 27:73 (v/v), and the flow rate was set at 0.8 mL/min.The column temperature was maintained at 30 ^oC. The LC eluate was detected by an electrospray ionization (ESI) source operated in the positive ion mode, and quantification was conducted using MRM of the transitions m/z 399.24→283.01 and m/z 415.19→178.00 for sunitinib and internal standard (IS, diltiazem hydrochloride), respectively. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 2–600 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification was 2 ng/mL. The method also exhibited satisfactory results in terms of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy (with relative error ranging from –4.0% to 1.1%), precision (with intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations ranging from 2.8% to 9.5%),matrix effect, recovery as well as stability. Taken together, our newly developed method was reliable to monitor sunitinib concentrations in rabbit plasma.     

LC-MS/MS快速测定大鼠血浆中HHY-002浓度

目的：建立用于测定治疗慢性心律失常药物HHY-002的大鼠血浆测定法。方法：流动相为乙腈-0．1％甲酸（65：35）,流速0．200mL／min,色谱柱Phenomenex LunaC18柱（150mm×2．00mm,5μm,5micron）,进样量为10μL,柱温35℃,以地西泮为内标。结果：HHY-002在1．98～1013．50ng／mL的范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0．998）,最低定量限达1．98ng／mL,绝对回收率高于80％,日内和日间误差小于10％,方法回收率大于（81．4±4．5）％,符合生物样品分析要求。结论：建立的LC—MS／MS方法专属性强,灵敏度高,可用于HHY-002的体内定量分析。     

LC-MS/MS测定大鼠血浆中乌头碱的浓度

目的:建立LC-MS/MS法检测大鼠血浆中乌头碱的浓度。方法:以维拉帕米作内标,血浆样品经MTBE液液萃取后,采用HyPURITYCyano(150mm×2.1mm,5μm)柱分离,流动相为乙腈:10mmol/L甲酸铵=(70∶30,V/V),流速为0.30mL/min。然后采用电喷雾离子源(ESI源)正离子多反应监测(MRM)扫描分析,乌头碱和维拉帕米的离子选择通道分别为:m/z646.4→586.4和455.2→164.9。结果:乌头碱的线性范围为9.3～2390pg/mL,最低检测浓度为9.3pg/mL,日内和日间变异均<15%。结论:本方法灵敏度高,适用于乌头碱在鼠内的药物代谢动力学研究。     

LC-MS/MS快速测定人血浆中氯沙坦浓度及其生物等效性研究

目的建立人血浆中氯沙坦LC-MS/MS测定方法,计算氯沙坦人体药动学参数并评价两制剂生物等效性。方法采用单剂量双周期交叉试验设计,完成试验的23例受试者空腹口服受试或参比制剂氯沙坦钾片100 mg后,用甲醇一步沉淀血浆蛋白,并用LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中氯沙坦浓度。用DAS 3.2.3软件计算氯沙坦人体药动学参数,并评价两制剂生物等效性。结果服用受试和参比制剂后,血浆中氯沙坦的Cmax分别为(697.3±301.7)和(674.1±350.5)ng/m L,AUC0-12 h分别为(994±240)和(1 005±287)ng·h/m L,tmax分别为(1.23±0.38)和(1.37±0.75)h,t1/2分别为(2.04±0.28)和(2.00±0.40)h,生物利用度为102.4%±21.1%。结论建立的分析测试方法灵敏、简便、准确,受试制剂与参比制剂生物等效。     

液相色谱-质谱联用法测定大鼠血浆中木通皂苷D的浓度

目的建立液相色谱-质谱联用法（LC-MS/MS）测定大鼠血浆中木通皂苷D的浓度。方法选用XDB-C18色谱柱,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液（含0.1%甲酸）-甲醇溶液为流动相,采用梯度洗脱进行分离。样本经甲醇沉淀后进样,选用3200QTRAP型质谱仪的多重反应监测扫描方式进行检测。结果木通皂苷D线性范围为10～1000 ng/ml,最低定量限为10ng/ml。准确度与精密度结果显示方法日间、日内变异均小于15%,相对误差为-2.8%～4.6%,低、中、高3个浓度提取回收率为95.3%～108.1%。结论本研究所建立的方法快速、灵敏、专属性强、重现性好,可用于大鼠血浆中木通皂苷D浓度的测定和药代动力学研究。     

Development and validation of an LC–MS/MS method for quantification of NC-8 in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic studies

ent-16-Oxobeyeran-19-N-methylureido (NC-8) is a recently synthesized derivative of iso-steviol that showed anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity by disturbing replication and gene expression of the HBV and by inhibiting the host toll-like receptor 2/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. To study its pharmacokinetics as a part of the drug development process, a highly sensitive, rapid, and reliable liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for determining NC-8 in rat plasma. After protein precipitation extraction, the chromatographic separation of the analyte and internal standard (IS; diclofenac sodium) was performed on a reverse-phase Luna C₁₈ column coupled with a Quattro Ultima triple quadruple mass spectrometer in the multiple-reaction monitoring mode using the transitions, m/z 347.31 → 75.09 for NC-8 and m/z 295.89 → 214.06 for the IS. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.5 ng/mL. The linear scope of the standard curve was between 0.5 and 500 ng/mL. Both the precision (coefficient of variation; %) and accuracy (relative error; %) were within acceptable criteria of <15%. Recoveries ranged from 104% to 113.4%, and the matrix effects (absolute) were nonsignificant (CV ≤ 6%). The validated method was successfully applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics of NC-8 in male Sprague–Dawley rats. The present methodology provides an analytical means to better understand the preliminary pharmacokinetics of NC-8 for investigations on further drug development.     

LC-MS/MS method for the determination of carbamathione in human plasma

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methodology is described for the determination of S-(N,N-diethylcarbamoyl)glutathione (carbamathione) in human plasma samples. Sample preparation consisted of a straightforward perchloric acid medicated protein precipitation, with the resulting supernatant containing the carbamathione (recovery ~98%). For optimized chromatography/mass spec detection a carbamathione analog, S-(N,N-di-i-propylcarbamoyl)glutathione, was synthesized and used as the internal standard. Carbamathione was found to be stable over the pH 1-8 region over the timeframe necessary for the various operations of the analytical method. Separation was accomplished via reversed-phase gradient elution chromatography with analyte elution and re-equilibration accomplished within 8 min. Calibration was established and validated over the concentration range of 0.5-50 nM, which is adequate to support clinical investigations. Intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision determined and found to be <4% and <10%, respectively. The methodology was utilized to demonstrate the carbamathione plasma-time profile of a human volunteer dosed with disulfiram (250 mg/d). Interestingly, an unknown but apparently related metabolite was observed with each human plasma sample analyzed.     

Rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for determination of Pravastatin in human plasma

快速灵敏的LC-MS/MS方法检测人血浆中普伐他汀的浓度@张敏$Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University!Changsha 410078,Hunan,China @谭志荣$Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University!Changsha 410078,Hunan,China @周宏灏$Ins     

快速灵敏的LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中缬沙坦浓度

目的：建立一种快速、灵敏的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定人血浆缬沙坦浓度。方法：200μL血浆样品经乙腈一步沉淀蛋白后,在Inertsil ODS-色谱柱（2.1mm×150mm,5μm）上分离,流动相由乙腈和1‰甲酸水溶液（70∶30）组成。采用电喷雾离子源（ESI源）正离子多反应监测（MRM）扫描分析,缬沙坦和厄贝沙坦的离子选择通道分别为：m/z436.3→235.2和429.4→207.2。结果：缬沙坦的线性范围为24.2～3100.0μg/L,日内和日间相对标准差均小于15%。结论：本法操作快速、灵敏,适用于缬沙坦的临床药动学研究。     

A rapid LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of quetiapine and duloxetine in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic interaction study

Combinations of new antidepressants like duloxetine and second-generation antipsychotics like quetiapine are used in clinical treatment of major depressive disorder, as well as in forensic toxicology scenarios. The drug–drug interaction (DDI) between quetiapine and duloxetine is worthy of attention to avoid unnecessary adverse effects. However, no pharmacokinetic DDI studies of quetiapine and duloxetine have been reported. In the present study, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for simultaneous determination of quetiapine and duloxetine in rat plasma. A one-step protein precipitation with acetonitrile was applied for sample preparation. The analytes were eluted on an Eclipse XDB-C₁₈ column using the mixture of acetonitrile and 2 mM ammonium formate containing 0.1% formic acid at a gradient elution within 6.0 min. Quantification was performed in multiple-reaction-monitoring mode with the ion transitions m/z 384.4 → 253.2 for quetiapine, m/z 298.1 → 154.1 for duloxetine and m/z 376.2 → 165.2 for IS (haloperidol), respectively. Good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.50–100 ng/mL for quetiapine (r² = 0.9972) and 1.00–200 ng/mL for duloxetine (r² = 0.9982) using 50 μL of rat plasma, respectively. The method was fully validated with accuracy, precision, matrix effects, recovery and stability. The validated data have met the acceptance criteria in FDA guideline. The method was applied to a pharmacokinetic interaction study and the results indicated that quetiapine had significant effect on the enhanced plasma exposure of duloxetine in rats under combination use. This study could be readily applied in therapeutic drug monitoring of major depressive disorder patients receiving such drug combinations.     

LC-MS/MS方法测定Beagle犬血浆中比卡鲁胺的浓度

目的 建立灵敏的液相色谱-串联质谱法测定狗血浆中比卡鲁胺的浓度.方法 血浆样品采用乙腈蛋白沉淀方法,以0.2％甲酸-乙腈(35∶65,v/v)为流动相;采用Zorbax SB C18柱(150 mm×4.6mm,5 μm)分离,通过电喷雾电离源,以选择多反应监测(MRM)方式进行负离子检测,用于定量分析的离子反应分别为m/z428.9→254.7(比卡鲁胺)和m/z 269→169.6(内标,甲苯磺丁脲).结果 建立的体内比卡鲁胺测定方法线性范围为5～2 000 ng·mL-1,定量下限可达1 ng·mL-1.日内、日间精密度(RSD)均＜10％.结论 该方法预处理操作简洁、灵敏、专属性强,可方便用于比卡鲁胺药物的体内药动学研究.     

LC-MS/MS法测定人体氟桂利嗪浓度及生物等效性评价应用

目的:建立LC-MS/MS法测定人体血浆氟桂利嗪的浓度,并研究由扬子江药业集团有限公司生产的盐酸氟桂利嗪滴丸的相对生物利用度。方法:色谱柱为Thermo Hypurity C18(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-10 mmol/L甲酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)(65∶35,V/V);流速:0.3 mL/min;进样量:10μL;柱温:40℃,样品室温度为15℃。采用双周期随机交叉试验设计。分别给予18名男性健康受试者试验制剂或参比制剂氟桂利嗪20 mg,采用LC-MS/MS法测定给药后不同时间的血药浓度。结果:氟桂利嗪线性范围为0.38~196 ng/mL,氟桂利嗪最低检测限为0.1 ng/mL,方法灵敏、稳定、特异性高。试验制剂与参比制剂的主要药代动力学参数Cmax、tmax、AUC0-24和AUC0-∞分别为:(86±36)和(82±34)ng/mL、2.5 h(1~3 h)和3 h(2~5 h)、(725±338)和(709±320)ng.mL-1.h、(811±375)和(780±330)ng.mL-1.h。氟桂利嗪受试制剂与参比制剂具有生物等效性。结论:该方法简便、准确、重复性好,并成功地应用到人体盐酸氟桂利嗪生物等效性评价。     

LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of icariin and its major metabolites in rat plasma

A rapid and sensitive method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitative determination of icariin and its two major metabolites, icariside I and icariside II in rat plasma. The analytes were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate after internal standard (daidzein) spiked. The separation was performed by a ZORBAX SB-C(18) column (3.5 microm, 2.1 mm x 100 mm) and a C(18) guard column (5 microm, 4.0 mm x 2.0mm) with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water-formic acid (50:50:0.05, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. The Agilent G6410A triple quadrupole LC-MS system was operated under the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using the electrospray ionization technique in positive mode. The nominal retention times for icariin, icariside I, icariside II and daidzein were 1.21, 1.88, 2.34 and 1.35 min, respectively. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) of icariin, icariside I and icariside II of the method were 1.0, 0.5 and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively. The method was linear for icariin and its metabolites with correlation coefficients >0.995 for all analytes. The intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision of the assay were less than 12.5%. This method has been applied successfully to a pharmacokinetic study involving the intragastric administration of icariin to rats.