华蟾素联合化疗治疗晚期肺癌40例临床观察

目的观察华蟾素联合TP(PTX,DDP)方案治疗晚期肺癌的治疗效果、不良反应及生活质量改善情况。方法华蟾素与紫杉醇(PTX)和顺铂(DDP)联合治疗晚期肺癌与同期不含华蟾素的紫杉醇和顺铂化疗方案比较,每3周为1周期,均完成3个周期。结果各组治疗效果和不良反应无显著差异(P>0.05),两组生活状态评分增加有显著性(P<0.05)。结论华蟾素与TP方案联合治疗晚期肺癌效果较好,不良反应轻,可改善患者的生活质量。     

吉西他滨或紫杉醇联合顺铂方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的探讨吉西他滨联合顺铂（GP方案）及紫杉醇联合顺铂（TP方案）治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效。方法将88例老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为GP组（42例）与TP组（46例）,分别接受吉西他滨及紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗,化疗2个周期后评估客观有效率（ORR）、1年生存率、中位生存时间和不良反应。结果GP组和TP组患者的ORR分别为3s．1％和37．0％,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;GP组患者的中位生存时间为8．7个月,1年生存率为33．3％,与TP组比较差异无统计学意义（8．8个月和32．6％,P〉0．05）。与TP组相比,GP组患者的Ⅲ～Ⅳ白细胞减少发生率显著降低,而血小板减少发生率显著升高（P〈0．05）。结论吉西他滨、紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌近期临床疗效相当,不良反应可耐受。     

单药周剂量与联合方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的：探讨单药周剂量与联合方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效、不良反应和对患者生活质量的改善 。方法：96例老年晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为3组，进行静脉化疗。A组（P方案）30例，紫杉醇（PTX）60mg／m^2，d1，8，15。B组（PC方案）34例，紫杉醇（PTX）60mg／m^2，d1，8，15；顺铂（CDDP）30mg／m^2，d2～4。C组（PCb方案）32例，紫杉醇（PTX）60mg／m^2，d1，8，15；卡铂（CBP）按AUC（曲线下面积）=5计算剂量，d2。4周为1个周期，二个周期后评定疗效。结果：A组、B组和C组有效率分别为26．7％、55．9％和56．3％，1年生存率分别为39．7％、35．3％和47.2％．中位生存期分别为8个月、9个月和10个月。B组和C纽疗效显著高于A组（P〈0．05），而B组和C组疗效差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），3组生存率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。主要不良反应骨髓抑制、变态反应、脱发、口腔炎，3组相似，B组消化道反应发生率高（P〈0．05），C组生活质量改善显著高于A组和B组（P〈0．05），而A纽和B组间改善无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：紫杉醇周剂量联合顺铂或卡铂方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效高于紫杉醇周剂量单药，不良反应可耐受，PCb方案改善患者生活质量优于P方案和PC方案。     

紫杉醇联合DDP与奈达铂联合5-FU治疗晚期食管癌的临床观察

目的：比较紫杉醇联合DDP与奈达铂联合5-Fu治疗晚期食管癌的临床疗效及不良反应。方法：48例晚期食管癌随机分组,23例进入TP组（紫杉醇联合DDP）,25例进入NF组（奈达铂联合5-FU）。TP组：PTX135—175mg／m^2,静脉滴注3小时,d1,DDP20mg／m^2,静脉滴注,d1-5;NF组化疗方案：NDP80—100mg／m^2,静脉滴注2小时,d1,5-FU 500mg／m^2,d1-5;每3周为1个周期,至少完成2个周期。结果：TP组和NF组的有效率分别为52．5％和48．0％,两组无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。TP组不良反应较NF组明显严重,TP组主要为脱发、中性粒细胞减少、消化道反应、周围神经毒性,NF组主要为消化道反应、中性粒细胞减少。结论：TP方案与NF方案治疗晚期食管癌疗效相似,不良反应可以耐受,均可以用于晚期食管癌的治疗。     

TP方案联合热疗治疗非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的：观察TP方案联合热疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效。方法：将40例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为两组，观察组（20例）采用紫杉醇＋顺铂（TP方案）化疗联合射频热疗，对照组（20例）仅采用TP方案静脉化疗，21天为一周期，至少完成2周期，评价两组的疗效、生活质量、及不良反应。结果：观察组总有效率60％，对照组总有效率35％，两组有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；两组患者治疗前后KPS评分的变化有统计学意义；两组毒副反应发生率无显著性差异。结论：TP方案局部热疗联合可提高单纯化疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效。     

康莱特联合紫杉醇方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌30例

目的采用康莱特联合紫杉醇方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌，评价近期疗效和患者不良反应。方法60例经病理证实为非小细胞肺癌的患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例。治疗组为康莱特＋TP方案化疗，对照组为TP方案化疗。结果治疗组有效率63．33％，白细胞减少率63．33％，对照组有效率33.33％，白细胞减少率90％。两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。生活质量的改善治疗组优于对照组。结论康莱特联合紫杉醇方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌有增效减毒，提高患者的生活质量，保护骨髓的功能。     

肺癌联合化疗中顺铂或奥沙利铂两组疗效对照研究

目的：观察多西紫杉醇联合顺铂与多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的近期疗效和毒副作用。方法：118例不能手术或术后复发转移的Ⅲ期-Ⅳ期NSCLC患者随机分组，接受多西紫杉醇联合顺铂或多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂方案，化疗2周期-3周期后评价疗效。结果：多西紫杉醇联合顺铂组有效率为49．9％，部分缓解率为44．8％；多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂组有效率为48．3％，部分缓解率为45．0％，两组近期疗效比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。多西紫杉醇联合顺铂组Ⅲ＋Ⅳ度白细胞下降21例（36．2％），而多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂组9例（15％），（P〈0．05）；Ⅲ＋Ⅳ度消化道反应在多西紫杉醇联合顺铂组为12例（20．7％），多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂组仅4例（6．7％），（P〈0．05）。多西紫杉醇联合顺铂组发生神经毒性6例（10．3％），多西紫杉醇联合奥沙利铂组55例（91．7％），（P〈0．05）。结论：多西紫杉醇联合顺铂或奥沙利铂是治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）较有效的方案。     

GP和TP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的随机对照临床研究

背景与目的 目前铂类药物为基础的化疗被认为是治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCI．C）的标准方案。本研究的目的是比较紫杉醇联合顺铂（TP方案）与吉西他滨联合顺铂（GP方案）治疗晚期NSCLC的近期疗效和毒性作用。方法 77例初治晚期NSCLC患者随机分为TP组和GP组，TP组39例，GP组38例。TP组：紫杉醇135mg／m^2，第1天；顺铂30mg／m^2，第1～3天。GP组：吉西他滨1000mg／m^2，第1、8天；顺铂30mg／m^2，第1～3天。化疗2～3周期后对两组的临床疗效和毒性反应进行评价。结果 TP组有效率为46．2％，GP组为42．1％，两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。GP组不良反应以血小板降低为主，TP组以白细胞降低为主，均可耐受。结论 吉西他滨或紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗晚期NSCLC具有较好的耐受性和临床疗效，不良反应有所不同，但都可以耐受。     

TP与GP方案治疗老年中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者59例

目的比较紫杉醇联合顺铂与吉西他滨联合顺铂一线治疗老年中晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者的近期疗效和不良反应。方法35例Ⅲ～Ⅳ期NSCLC患者采用TP方案（紫杉醇＋顺铂）化疗,24例Ⅲ～Ⅳ期NSCLC患者采用GP方案（吉西他滨＋顺铂）化疗。两方案均每3周1个周期,至少2个周期,结果TP组完全缓解（CR）0例,部分缓解（PR）13例,稳定（SD）14例,进展（PD）8例,总有效率37．1％;GP组CR0例,PR9例,SD10例,PD5例,总有效率37．5％,两组比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。不良反应：TP组白细胞减少发生率高于GP组（P〉0．05）,GP组血小板减少发生率高于TP组（P〉0．05）。结论紫杉醇或吉西他滨联合顺铂一线治疗老年人中晚期NSCLC安全、有效,患者可耐受,不良反应低,TP组以白细胞减少为主,GP组以血小板减少为主,无治疗相关死亡。     

艾迪注射液配合TP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的比较TP化疗方案联合艾迪注射液与单纯TP方案对晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法A组应用Taxol＋DDP化疗同时加用艾迪注射液50mL，1次/d，21d为1周期，连用2周期为1疗程；B组单用Taxol＋DDP化疗。结果A组有效率为48．0％（24／50），B组有效率41．3％（19/46），两组近期疗效无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。A组的Ⅲ＋Ⅳ白细胞抑制毒性及消化道反应均低于B组（P〈0．05）。结论初步研究结果提示：TP方案联合艾迪注射液治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌，能降低化疗毒副反应．     

Compliance with guidelines and correlation with outcome in patients with advanced germ-cell tumours

PurposeTo evaluate prior compliance with guidelines in patients treated with salvage chemotherapy for advanced germ-cell tumours (GCT).Patients and methodsData concerning the initial management of patients requiring salvage chemotherapy for GCT at Institut Gustave Roussy between 2000 and 2010 were obtained and correlated with recommendations for treatment. Criteria of non-compliance were defined based on guidelines. Compliance with guidelines, predictive factors for non-compliance and the impact on outcome were analysed.ResultsAmong 82 patients treated in the salvage setting, guidelines to initial treatment were followed in only 41 cases (50%). The most common non-compliance criteria were non-adherence to the planned dose (16%), an inappropriate interval between first-line chemotherapy cycles (16%), the lack of post-chemotherapy surgery (16%) and a long interval to post-chemotherapy surgery (48%). Compliance with standard care was better in cancer centres than in other hospitals (private or public) (Odd Ratio (OR): 6.9, P = 0.001). A poor-risk status according to the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) was also predictive of compliance in univariate but not in multivariate analysis. No significant difference in outcome after salvage chemotherapy was observed. Patients relapsing after non-compliant first-line therapy tended to be more easily salvaged, which is consistent with the fact that their initial treatment was inadequate. Some of these relapses were therefore probably not due to true biologically refractory disease.ConclusionGuidelines for first-line treatment are adhered to in only half the patients requiring salvage chemotherapy. As the only predictive factor for non-compliance was the treating centre, centralisation of patients with GCT in well-trained hospitals should be recommended.     

Costs associated with complications are lower with capecitabine than with 5‐fluorouracil in patients with colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND:

Capecitabine, an oral alternative to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), has equal clinical efficacy and a favorable safety profile; however, its use may be limited because of unit cost concerns. In this study, the authors measured the cost of chemotherapy‐related complications during treatment with capecitabine‐ and 5‐FU–based regimens.

METHODS:

Patients with CRC who received at least 1 administration of capecitabine or 5‐FU during 2004 and 2005 were identified from the Thomson MarketScan research databases. Monthly frequency and cost for 23 complications were recorded. Logistic regression was used to predict complication probability. General linear models were used to predict monthly complication cost and total monthly expenditure.

RESULTS:

In total, 4973 patients with CRC met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. Although the most frequently observed complications were the same between capecitabine and 5‐FU (nausea and vomiting, infection, anemia, neutropenia, diarrhea), each was observed with greater frequency in 5‐FU–based regimens. The mean predicted monthly complication cost was significantly higher (by 136%) with 5‐FU monotherapy than with capecitabine monotherapy (difference, $601; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], $469‐$737). In addition, the mean predicted monthly complication cost for 5‐FU+oxaliplatin was higher than the cost with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (difference, $1165; 95% CI, $892‐$1595). When acquisition, administration, and complication costs were taken into consideration, there were no significant differences in the total cost between capecitabine regimens and 5‐FU regimens.

CONCLUSIONS:

Capecitabine compared well with 5‐FU–based therapy in patients with CRC and was associated with lower complication rates and associated costs. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.     

Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs

JOHNSTON S.R.D. (2010) European Journal of Cancer Care 19 , 561–563 Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs     

Experience with Impedance Phlebography Compared with Venography

Venography is a particularly reliable method for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis but is not suitable as a screening test. Impedance phlebography represents another attempt to discover a simple, non-invasive and reliable method of detecting deep venous thrombosis. It does not, however, meet these criteria.     

再放疗并同步使用Docetaxel在鼻咽癌放疗后复发病人中的应用

目的:不能手术切除的鼻咽癌放疗后再复发的病人,其治疗困难,化疗疗效差,而单独再放疗只能挽救一小部分病人,本文探讨再放疗并同步使用多西紫彬醇(Docetaxel)在鼻咽癌首次放疗后复发病人中可行性及毒副反应,并评价其疗效。方法:对11例鼻咽癌足量放疗后经组织病理学证实复发、而无法行手术及腔内放疗的患者进行了同步放化疗。放疗采用三维适形放疗,外照射鼻咽部,分次量为1.8Gy,总剂量为36Gy-39.6Gy。化疗采用Docetaxel,15mg/m2,每周一次,静脉滴注。结果:10%、33%的患者分别出现Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度皮肤反应,18%、10%的病人分别出现Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度黏膜反应,18%患者出现Ⅲ度恶心呕吐,27%的患者出现Ⅲ度-Ⅳ度白细胞下降,10%患者出现Ⅲ度血小板下降。1例患者因严重的黏膜反应致使治疗延迟2周。治疗结束后,9例(82%)患者达到CR,2例(18%)达到PR,反应率为100%。结论:对于放疗后局部复发的鼻咽癌患者,采用同步放化疗,3D-CRT同时每周使用Docetaxel是可行的,其毒性反应在可以接受的范围内,短期疗效显著。     

Protothecosis successfully treated with amikacin combined with tetracyclines

Summary We report a case of protothecosis in an 18-year-old female student caused by Prototheca zopfii successfully treated with amikacin combined with tetracyclines. Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine Protothecose, verursacht durch Prototheca zopfii, bei einer 18-j?hrigen Studentin berichtet, die erfolgreich mit Amikacin in Kombination mit Tetracyclinen behandelt wurde.