Comparison of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography,Fractional Flow Reserve,and Perfusion Imaging for Ischemia Diagnosis

Background

Fractional flow reserve (FFR) computation from coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) datasets (FFR_CT) has emerged as a promising noninvasive test to assess hemodynamic severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), but has not yet been compared with traditional functional imaging.

Myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance imaging using sliding-window conjugate-gradient highly constrained back-projection reconstruction for detection of coronary artery disease

Myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with sliding-window conjugate-gradient highly constrained back-projection reconstruction (SW-CG-HYPR) allows whole left ventricular coverage, improved temporal and spatial resolution and signal/noise ratio, and reduced cardiac motion-related image artifacts. The accuracy of this technique for detecting coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been determined in a large number of patients. We prospectively evaluated the diagnostic performance of myocardial perfusion MRI with SW-CG-HYPR in patients with suspected CAD. A total of 50 consecutive patients who were scheduled for coronary angiography with suspected CAD underwent myocardial perfusion MRI with SW-CG-HYPR at 3.0 T. The perfusion defects were interpreted qualitatively by 2 blinded observers and were correlated with x-ray angiographic stenoses ≥50%. The prevalence of CAD was 56%. In the per-patient analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of SW-CG-HYPR was 96% (95% confidence interval 82% to 100%), 82% (95% confidence interval 60% to 95%), 87% (95% confidence interval 70% to 96%), 95% (95% confidence interval 74% to100%), and 90% (95% confidence interval 82% to 98%), respectively. In the per-vessel analysis, the corresponding values were 98% (95% confidence interval 91% to 100%), 89% (95% confidence interval 80% to 94%), 86% (95% confidence interval 76% to 93%), 99% (95% confidence interval 93% to 100%), and 93% (95% confidence interval 89% to 97%), respectively. In conclusion, myocardial perfusion MRI using SW-CG-HYPR allows whole left ventricular coverage and high resolution and has high diagnostic accuracy in patients with suspected CAD.     

Incremental Diagnostic Value of Stress Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion With Whole-Heart Coverage CT Scanner in Intermediate- to High-Risk Symptomatic Patients Suspected of Coronary Artery Disease

Objectives

The goal of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of stress computed tomography myocardial perfusion (CTP) for the detection of functionally significant coronary artery disease (CAD) by using invasive coronary angiography (ICA) plus invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) as the reference standard in consecutive intermediate- to high-risk symptomatic patients.

Diagnostic Performance of Hybrid Cardiac Imaging Methods for Assessment of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Compared With Stand-Alone Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography: A Meta-Analysis

Objectives

The current meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of hybrid cardiac imaging techniques compared with stand-alone coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) for assessment of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).

冠状动脉成像与核素心肌显像评价功能相关性冠状动脉病变的对比研究

目的 以单光子发射计算机断层(SPECT)心肌灌注显像(MPI)为参考标准,采用双源CT冠状动脉成像(DSCTCA)评价功能相关性冠状动脉病变(FRCAL)的准确性.方法 59例临床疑诊冠心病的患者,行DSCTCA、99Tcm-甲氧异丁基异腈(MIBI)SPECT心肌灌注显像及冠状动脉造影(CCA)检查,将DSCTCA冠状动脉直径狭窄≥50%定义为狭窄,并与MPI表现进行对比分析,DSCTCA评价以CCA为标准.结果 (1)DSCTCA和CCA间的一致性好(按患者计算Kappa=0.93,按血管计算Kappa=0.88).(2)DSCTCA发现34例60支86个节段的冠状动脉有狭窄.(3)MPI检出25例患者的45处心肌灌注缺损区,其中可逆缺损19处、部分可逆缺损21处、恒定缺损5处.(4)以MPI为参考标准,DSCTCA检出65.0%(39/60)的病变冠状动脉为FRCAL;DSCTCA检出心肌灌注缺损的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值,以患者计算分别是92.0%、67.6%、78.0%、67.6%、92.0%,以血管计算分别是86.7%、89.0%、88.6%、65.0%、96.6%.(5)ROC分析发现DSCTCA与CCA在预测FRCAL时有相似的诊断价值,其曲线下面积(AUC)分别是:0.80、0.82.结论 DSCTCA可以间接评价FRCAL,DSCTCA结果为阴性时,有助于排除FRCAL,而异常的DSCTCA结果需结合MPI综合评价.     

Comparison of computed tomographic angiography versus rubidium-82 positron emission tomography for the detection of patients with anatomical coronary artery disease

BACKGROUND: The present study compared computed tomographic coronary angiography (CTA) and positron emission tomography (PET) for the detection of significant anatomical coronary artery stenosis as defined by conventional invasive coronary angiography (CICA). METHODS: The study protocol was approved by the local ethics board, and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Of the 26 patients (mean age 57+/-9 years, 18 men) who prospectively underwent CTA and rubidium-82 PET before CICA, 24 patients had a history of chest pain. Images were interpreted by expert readers and assessed for the presence of anatomically significant coronary stenosis (50% luminal diameter stenosis or greater) or myocardial perfusion defects. Diagnostic test characteristics were analyzed using patient-based, territory-based, vessel-based and segment-based analyses. RESULTS: In the 24 patients referred for chest pain, CTA had similar sensitivity to PET, but was more specific (sensitivity 95% [95% CI 72% to 100%] versus 95% [95% CI 72% to 100%], respectively; specificity 100% [95% CI 46% to 100%] versus 60% [95% CI 17% to 93%], respectively) in the detection of patients with anatomical coronary artery stenosis of 50% or greater. On a per-segment basis of all 26 patients, CTA had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 72%, 99%, 91% and 95%, respectively, in all coronary segments. CONCLUSIONS: Coronary CTA has a similar sensitivity and specificity to rubidium-82 PET for the identification of patients with significant anatomical coronary artery disease.     

Prospective Comparison of FFR Derived From Coronary CT Angiography With SPECT Perfusion Imaging in Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The ReASSESS Study

Objectives

This study sought to compare the per-patient diagnostic performance of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR_CT) with that of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), using a fractional flow reserve (FFR) value of ≤0.80 as the reference for diagnosing at least 1 hemodynamically significant stenosis in a head-to-head comparison of patients with intermediate coronary stenosis as determined by coronary CTA.

Fractal Analysis of Dynamic Stress CT-Perfusion Imaging for Detection of Hemodynamically Relevant Coronary Artery Disease

BackgroundCombined computed tomography–derived myocardial blood flow (CTP-MBF) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) has shown good diagnostic performance for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, fractal analysis might provide additional insight into ischemia pathophysiology by characterizing multiscale perfusion patterns and, therefore, may be useful in diagnosing hemodynamically significant CAD.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate, in a multicenter setting, whether fractal analysis of perfusion improves detection of hemodynamically relevant CAD over myocardial blood flow quantification (CTP-MBF) using dynamic, 4-dimensional, dynamic stress myocardial computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging.MethodsIn total, 7 centers participating in the prospective AMPLIFiED (Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion Linked to Infarction and Fibrosis Explored with Dual-source CT) study acquired CTP and CTA data in patients with suspected or known CAD. Hemodynamically relevant CAD was defined as ≥90% stenosis on invasive coronary angiography or fractional flow reserve <0.80. Both fractal analysis and CTP-MBF quantification were performed on CTP images and were combined with CTA results.ResultsThis study population included 127 participants, among them 61 patients, or 79 vessels, with CAD as per invasive reference standard. Compared with the combination of CTP-MBF and CTA, combined fractal analysis and CTA improved sensitivity on the per-patient level from 84% (95% CI: 72%-92%) to 95% (95% CI: 86%-99%; P = 0.01) and specificity from 70% (95% CI: 57%-82%) to 89% (95% CI: 78%-96%; P = 0.02). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve improved from 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75-0.90) to 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86-0.98; P = 0.01).ConclusionsFractal analysis constitutes a quantitative and pathophysiologically meaningful approach to myocardial perfusion analysis using dynamic stress CTP, which improved diagnostic performance over CTP-MBF when combined with anatomical information from CTA.     

Myocardial perfusion by CT versus hybrid imaging

Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a reliable diagnostic test for the anatomic diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Although coronary CTA shows high sensitivity and negative predictive value for detecting stenosis greater than or equal to 50% diameter, it is limited in its ability to diagnose myocardial ischemia. Advances in computed tomography (CT) technology alone and technology that hybridizes CT with single-photon emission CT and positron emission tomography allow for the combined anatomic and physiologic diagnosis of CAD. This article summarizes these combined technologies, emphasizing the merits and limitations of each technology and their clinical implications.     

N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide predicts myocardial ischemia and is related to postischemic left-ventricular dysfunction in patients with stable coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND: The N-terminal-pro-B natriuretic peptide (Nt-pro-BNP) is of diagnostic and prognostic value in coronary artery disease (CAD). We assessed the relationship between Nt-pro-BNP and (1) the extent of ischemia on stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), and (2) changes between the basal and postexercise ejection fraction (EF), in stable patients with a normal EF. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and two patients with stable, documented CAD (EF, 62% +/- 8%) underwent an exercise-rest thallium-201 gated-MPI and serial Nt-pro-BNP assays. Myocardial perfusion imaging produced abnormal results in 57 patients (56%; group 1), and normal results in 45 patients (44%; group 2). Median baseline, immediate postexercise, and 3-hour postexercise Nt-pro-BNP values were higher in group 1 than in group 2: 182 vs 85, 201 vs 86, and 212 vs 99 pg/mL, respectively (P < .001 for all). Postexercise EF decreased in group 1 (53% +/- 11% vs 62% +/- 10%, P < .001), but not in group 2 (61% +/- 9% vs 62% +/- 7%, NS). The Nt-pro-BNP ruled out significant ischemia with a negative predictive value of 0.90, whereas patients within the higher tertile of Nt-pro-BNP had a fivefold higher risk of ischemia compared with patients within the lower tertile. CONCLUSIONS: The post-stress increase in Nt-pro-BNP is related to myocardial ischemia and to postischemic left-ventricular dysfunction, and accurately predicts the presence or absence of myocardial perfusion defects.     

Multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography: anatomic vs functional assessment in clinical practice.

Non-invasive imaging plays an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and risk stratification of coronary artery disease (CAD). Several techniques such as stress echocardiography and myocardial perfusion imaging have become available to assess cardiac function and myocardial perfusion. With the arrival of multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (CTA), non-invasive imaging of coronary anatomy has also become possible. Studies concerning the diagnostic accuracy have demonstrated a good agreement with conventional coronary angiography resulting in a sensitivity and specificity of approximately 86% and 96%, respectively. The high negative predictive value of 97% renders it particularly useful to rule out the presence of CAD in patients with an intermediate pretest likelihood. Moreover, comparative studies have demonstrated that anatomic imaging with CTA may provide information complementary to the traditionally used techniques for functional assessment. From these studies can be derived that only approximately 50% of significant stenoses on CTA are functionally relevant; a large proportion of significant (>50%) lesions on CTA does not result in perfusion abnormalities. Alternatively, many patients with a normal perfusion CTA show considerable atherosclerosis on CTA. Therefore, the combined use of these techniques may enhance the assessment of the presence and extent of CAD. In the future diagnostic algorithms, combining non-invasive anatomic and functional imaging need to be evaluated in large patient populations to establish their efficacy, safety, and cost effectiveness. Importantly, these investigations should result in the development of comprehensive guidelines on the use of CTA in clinical practice as well.     

ATP负荷及运动负荷试验中心电图的变化对冠心病的诊断价值

目的探讨ATP负荷及运动负荷心肌灌注单光子发射计算机体层摄影术(SPECT)中的ECG变化及其对冠心病的诊断价值。方法选择61例疑诊冠心病的患者,并在不同时间分别行ATP负荷及运动负荷SPECT检查,其中46例行冠状动脉造影。收集ATP及运动负荷试验中的ECG资料并进行分析。结果ATP与运动负荷试验中ECG心律失常的发生情况相似(χ2=1.985,P=0.159);ATP负荷试验ST段下降发生率明显低于运动负荷试验(12.5%vs51.8%,χ2=19.813,P<0.001),且下降幅度低。ATP负荷试验ECG诊断冠心病的敏感性明显低于运动负荷试验(28.6%vs71.4%,χ2=7.714,P=0.005),特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值与运动负荷试验相似(95.2%vs71.4%,85.7%vs71.4%,57.1%vs71.4%,P>0.05)。结论与运动负荷试验比较,ATP负荷试验ECG诊断冠心病的敏感性低,但特异性及阳性预测值相对较高。     

硝酸甘油介入~(99m)锝─甲氧基异丁基异腈心肌灌注显像识别存活心肌及对急性心肌梗塞血运重建术疗效评价

目的：探讨硝酸甘油（ＮＴＧ）介入９９ｍ锝—甲氧基异丁基异腈（９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩ）心肌灌注显像评价存活心肌、指导经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（ＰＴＣＡ）,把握适应证及判定ＰＴＣＡ疗效的应用价值。 方法：对２３例行ＰＴＣＡ的急性心肌梗塞患者进行术前静息９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌灌注显像、ＮＴＧ介入９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌灌注显像和术后１周、２个月静息９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌灌注显像,采用４点积分法半定量分析９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩ的摄取。根据放射性异常程度不同将受累心肌节段分为心肌存活节段,部分心肌存活节段、心肌无存活节段。 结果：ＮＴＧ介入９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌灌注显像评价存活心肌的阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确度,它们分别为８５．０％、８８．５％和８４．９％。ＰＴＣＡ后心肌存活节段和部分心肌存活节段放射性异常积分明显降低,心肌无存活节段未见显著变化。 结论：ＮＴＧ介入９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌灌注显像能显著提高存活心肌的检出率,对急性心肌梗塞血运重建术的疗效判定及指导临床适应证的选择具有较高的应用价值。     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像在冠心病诊断中的应用

目的:评价腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像试验对冠心病的诊断价值。方法:60例住院患者均行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像和冠状动脉造影(CAG),腺苷以0.14mg/(kg.min)的速度外周静脉输入,第3分钟时,静脉注射放射性核素99mTc-MIBI740MBq,1.5h后进行心肌断层显像,若异常,次日行静息心肌显像,分析腺苷负荷试验心肌核素显像对于冠心病诊断的敏感性、特异性及其特点。结果:CAG阳性42例中,心肌核素显像阳性37例(敏感性88%)。18例CAG无明显狭窄,其中13例心肌核素显像阴性(特异性为72%)。前降支病变36例,心肌核素前壁区域低灌注20例,回旋支病变22例,侧壁区域低灌注14例,右冠脉病变28例,下壁区域低灌注27例,右冠脉病变较前降支或回旋支病变的心肌核素显像阳性率高(P0.05)。在应用过程中,腺苷未出现明显不良反应。结论:腺苷负荷试验心肌核素灌注显像对于冠心病诊断的敏感性、特异性较高,对诊断冠心病具有重要意义。     

Current status of myocardial perfusion imaging after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

Controversy exists with regard to the diagnostic accuracy and optimal technique of myocardial perfusion imaging after coronary angioplasty. Exercise treadmill testing is inexpensive, with adequate predictive value for restenosis and clinical events in patients with single vessel coronary angioplasty with a normal rest electrocardiogram (ECG). Myocardial tomography has advantages for assessing patients with multivessel coronary angioplasty. Exercise stress imaging is generally preferable to pharmacologic stress in patients without physical limitations after angioplasty. Delayed thallium-201 imaging and reinjection protocols may be useful to reconcile whether residual ischemia exists in “fixed” perfusion defects. Appropriately timed stress myocardial perfusion imaging 2 to 4 weeks after procedurally successful coronary angioplasty can document improved cardiac functional capacity and reduced ECG and imaging evidence of myocardial ischemia. Although routine serial postangioplasty evaluations cannot be recommended, stess myocardial imaging may be valuable in subjects with defective anginal nocioception or extensive myocardium at risk in the area subtended by the angioplasty vessel.     

Significance of inferior wall ischemia in non-dominant right coronary artery anatomy

AIM To investigate the relationship of inferior wall ischemia on myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with nondominant right coronary artery anatomy.METHODS This was a retrospective observational analysis of consecutive patients who presented to the emergency department with primary complaint of chest pain.Only patients who underwent single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI)were included.Patients who showed a reversible defect on SPECT MPI and had coronary angiography during the same hospitalization was analyzed.Patients with prior history of coronary artery disease(CAD)including history of percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass graft surgerys were excluded.True positive and false positive results were identified on the basis of hemodynamically significant CAD on coronary angiography,in the same territory as identified on SPECT MPI.Coronary artery dominance was determined on coronary angiography.Patients were divided into group 1 and group 2.Group1 included patients with non-dominant right coronary artery(RCA)(left dominant and codominant).Group2 included patients with dominant RCA anatomy.Demographics,baseline characteristics and positive predictive value(PPV)were analyzed for the two groups.RESULTS The mean age of the study cohort was 57.6 years.Sixtyone point seven percent of the patients were males.The prevalence of self-reported diabetes mellitus,hypertension and dyslipidemia was 36%,71.9%and 53.9%respectively.A comparison of baseline characteristics between the two groups showed that patients with a non-dominant RCA were more likely to be men.For inferior wall ischemia on SPECT MPI,patients in study group 2 had a significantly higher PPV,32/42(76.1%),compared to patients in group 1,in which only 3 out of the 29 patients(10.3%)had true positive results(P value0.001 Z test).The difference remained statistically significant even when only patients with left dominant coronary system(without co-dominant)were compared to patients with right dominant system(32/40,76.1%in right dominant group,3/19,15.8%in left dominant group,P value0.001 Z test).There was no significant difference in mean hospital stay,re-hospitalization,and in-hospital mortality between the two groups.CONCLUSION The positive predictive value of SPECT MPI for inferior wall ischemia is affected by coronary artery dominance.More studies are needed to explain this phenomenon.     

AI Evaluation of Stenosis on Coronary CTA,Comparison With Quantitative Coronary Angiography and Fractional Flow Reserve: A CREDENCE Trial Substudy

BackgroundClinical reads of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), especially by less experienced readers, may result in overestimation of coronary artery disease stenosis severity compared with expert interpretation. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based solutions applied to coronary CTA may overcome these limitations.ObjectivesThis study compared the performance for detection and grading of coronary stenoses using artificial intelligence–enabled quantitative coronary computed tomography (AI-QCT) angiography analyses to core lab–interpreted coronary CTA, core lab quantitative coronary angiography (QCA), and invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR).MethodsCoronary CTA, FFR, and QCA data from 303 stable patients (64 ± 10 years of age, 71% male) from the CREDENCE (Computed TomogRaphic Evaluation of Atherosclerotic DEtermiNants of Myocardial IsChEmia) trial were retrospectively analyzed using an Food and Drug Administration–cleared cloud-based software that performs AI-enabled coronary segmentation, lumen and vessel wall determination, plaque quantification and characterization, and stenosis determination.ResultsDisease prevalence was high, with 32.0%, 35.0%, 21.0%, and 13.0% demonstrating ≥50% stenosis in 0, 1, 2, and 3 coronary vessel territories, respectively. Average AI-QCT analysis time was 10.3 ± 2.7 minutes. AI-QCT evaluation demonstrated per-patient sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of 94%, 68%, 81%, 90%, and 84%, respectively, for ≥50% stenosis, and of 94%, 82%, 69%, 97%, and 86%, respectively, for detection of ≥70% stenosis. There was high correlation between stenosis detected on AI-QCT evaluation vs QCA on a per-vessel and per-patient basis (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.73 and 0.73, respectively; P < 0.001 for both). False positive AI-QCT findings were noted in in 62 of 848 (7.3%) vessels (stenosis of ≥70% by AI-QCT and QCA of <70%); however, 41 (66.1%) of these had an FFR of <0.8.ConclusionsA novel AI-based evaluation of coronary CTA enables rapid and accurate identification and exclusion of high-grade stenosis and with close agreement to blinded, core lab–interpreted quantitative coronary angiography. (Computed TomogRaphic Evaluation of Atherosclerotic DEtermiNants of Myocardial IsChEmia [CREDENCE]; NCT02173275)     

Real-time dobutamine stress myocardial contrast echocardiography for detecting coronary artery disease: correlating abnormal wall motion and disturbed perfusion

BACKGROUND: Real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) makes possible the simultaneous visualization of changes in perfusion imaging and wall motion. OBJECTIVES: To assess the accuracy of real-time MCE for detecting the presence and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD), and to evaluate the correlation between wall motion and myocardial perfusion by visual examination. METHODS: A total of 140 consecutive patients without resting wall motion abnormalities were screened to undergo dobutamine stress MCE with power modulation and coronary angiography. Significant coronary disease was defined by the quantification of over 50% stenosis in a major epicardial vessel. The visual identification of wall motion and myocardial perfusion abnormalities was determined by blind review. RESULTS: Eight patients were excluded due to suboptimal images (feasibility 94.3%). Myocardial contrast enhancement analysis and wall motion analysis were similar in terms of sensitivity (81.2% versus 83.5%, respectively) and specificity (76.5% versus 80.9%, respectively) in detecting the presence of CAD. Myocardial contrast enhancement analysis tended to have a greater sensitivity than wall motion analysis in detecting the ischemic extent over multiple vascular territories among patients with multiple-vessel disease (sensitivity 83.8% versus 71.4% [P=0.09], and abnormal segment length 54.7+/-21.1% versus 48.9+/-24.7% [P=0.03] for myocardial contrast enhancement and wall motion analysis, respectively). There was good concordance between the presence of myocardial ischemia and wall motion abnormality for the segment-by-segment analysis (89.7% agreement, kappa = 0.745). The correlation of the wall motion score and perfusion score at peak stress was also good (r=0.793, P=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Dobutamine stress MCE with power modulation is similar in sensitivity and specificity to wall motion analysis for detecting the presence of CAD. However, it provides greater sensitivity in evaluating the extent of ischemia in patients with multiple-vessel disease.     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像评价中年女性心肌供血异常的临床价值

目的:评价国产腺苷负荷99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注显像对65岁以下的中年女性患者心肌供血异常的判断临床价值。方法:2007年1月至2008年7月临床怀疑冠心病的中年女性109例,年龄40～65岁,平均年龄(54.9±6.1)岁,所有患者均在1个月内施行常规2d法腺苷负荷-静息心肌灌注显像(MPI)和冠状动脉造影术(CAG)检查。MPI和CAG图像由2名以上核医学/放射科医师共同读片;MPI评价标准:供血区某一心肌节段负荷时,出现放射性稀疏或缺损,静息时消失或改善,判定为心肌缺血;如静息时仍为放射性缺损,判定为心肌梗死。CAG评价标准:3支主要冠状动脉血管中至少有1支主要冠状动脉管径狭窄≥50%,判定为阳性。MPI与CAG对照,评价腺苷MPI对冠心病的诊断效能(敏感性、特异性和准确性)。结果:109例受检者中,MPI显示:阴性62例,阳性47例,心肌缺血42例,心肌梗死5例;累及59个室壁段,其中前降支供血区32段,回旋支供血区12段,右冠状动脉供血区15段。CAG显示:冠状动脉正常72例,冠状动脉异常37例,其中单支病变23例,双支病变7例,3支病变7例;冠状动脉异常37例中核素心肌灌注显像阳性31例,阴性6例;冠状动脉正常72例中核素心肌灌注显像56例阴性,16例阳性。腺苷负荷MPI对65岁以下女性患者诊断冠心病的灵敏度为83.8%(31/37例),特异性为77.8%(56/72例),准确性为79.8%(87/109例),阳性预测值为65.9%(31/47例),阴性预测值为90.3%(56/62例)。结论:腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像用于中年女性冠心病的诊断有较高的诊断效能,具有较高的临床应用价值。可作为中年女性早期诊断冠心病在运动心电图之外有效的、优先考虑的选择。     

99mTc-MIBI门电路SPECT对冠心病的诊断和心肌存活性评价的作用

为进一步评价99m锝-甲氧基异睛(99mTc-MIBI)门电路和非门电路单光子发射断层显像(SPECT)对冠心病的诊断价值及硝酸甘油介入诊断试验在心肌存活状态评价中的作用,对40例进行运动心肌灌注断层显象,并与冠状动脉(冠脉)造影比较.结果32例冠脉造影显示冠脉有意义狭窄.门电路断层显象对冠心病诊断总的敏感和特异性分别为93.8%和87.5%;非门电路断层显象分别为84.4%和87.5%,两相比较,无显著性差异(P＞0.05).对冠脉病变支数诊断敏感性门电路方法优于非门电路方法(分别为73.8%和62.3%,P＜0.05).特异性均为96.6%.20例进行含服硝酸甘油后静态心肌灌注断层显象,16例心肌梗死病人中有3例为部分可逆性心肌灌注缺损,4例慢性心肌缺血病人,全部有可逆性心肌灌注.表明硝酸甘油介入诊断试验有助于心肌灌注异常可逆性的评估;99mTc-MIBI门电路SPECT和硝酸甘油介入诊断试验是有效的对冠心病无创性诊断和心肌存活状态评价方法.