In vitro repair of the wounded porcine mitral valve

An organ culture of the anterior leaflet of the porcine mitral valve was developed and characterized in order to study the early events in the repair of small endocardial wounds. A linear superficial denuding endocardial injury was made with a nylon filament attached to a stereo tonearm. The repair process was studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy over a 6-day period. By day 2 in culture, flattened endocardial cells at the wound edge extended processes out onto the wound edge. By 4 and 6 days, the wound was bridged over by spindle-shaped cells although gaps still remained between cells. In some areas, multilayering of cells beneath the surface was present. The results indicate that the initial events in in vitro endocardial repair involve both surface endocardial cells and interstitial cells.     

皮肤创口感染蛙曼氏裂头蚴1例报告

患者，男性，15岁，中学生，福建省南平市政和县人，主诉2005年7月14日右手小指第一指节背外破肤被冰冻鱼刺扎破，隔天用针挑出残留在皮肤内的鱼刺后，即出现手指局部红肿热痛炎症反应。     

Using Stories to Disseminate Research: The Attributes of Representative Stories

When researchers communicate their findings to patients, clinicians, policy-makers, or media, they may find it helpful to supplement quantitative data with stories about individuals who represent themes in their research. Whether such stories are gathered during the research itself or identified from other sources, researchers must develop strategies for assessing their representativeness. This paper proposes 5 attributes of representative stories: (1) expression of important themes in the research, (2) explicit location in the “distribution” of stories that exemplify the theme, (3) verifiability, (4) acknowledgment of uncertainty, and (5) compelling narration. This paper summarizes research on substance abuse among physicians, and uses these 5 attributes to assess the representativeness of a published case report and a fictional short story about addicted physicians. While neither story is fully representative of the research, the process of evaluating these stories illustrates an approach to identifying representative stories for use in disseminating research.     

The effects of hyperglycemia on the directed migration of wounded endothelial cell monolayers

To determine if cellular motility is affected by abnormal concentrations of ambient glucose, we utilized an endothelial cell monolayer model of wounding to observe the effect of hyperglycemia on the serum-mediated polarization and migration responses of cells at the edge of the wound. We found that hyperglycemia inhibited the rapid polarization response and the consequent cellular migration induced by 20% fetal bovine serum. The inhibitory effect of glucose was significant at a concentration of 11 mmol/L and became more pronounced at higher glucose concentrations. The effect of hyperglycemia on the two components of cell locomotion differed from the inhibitory action of mannitol, another hyperosmolar agent, in two ways (1) the glucose-induced inhibition persisted in cells reincubated in medium containing physiologic glucose (5.5 mmol/L); and (2) the inhibitory effect of glucose was blocked in cells preincubated in medium containing either the sulfonylurea glyburide, or D-myo-inositol. These observations may be relevant to the pathogenesis and management of accelerated atherosclerosis associated with the diabetic state.     

肠内生态营养对创伤后大鼠肠屏障功能的影响

目的:研究肠内生态营养对创伤后大鼠肠道屏障功能的影响.方法:将30只Wistar大鼠随机分为3组,即对照组、普通肠内营养组和肠内生态营养组.胃造瘘术后分别给予普通饲料、肠内营养剂和肠内生态营养剂7 d,检测小肠黏膜形态学参数和黏膜IgA ,CD3 ,CD4 和CD8 细胞数量.结果:肠内生态营养组的小肠绒毛高度(205.4 μmvs 177.7 μm,P＜0.05)、肠腺隐窝深度(99.4 μmvs 77.7 μm,P＜0.05)、黏膜厚度(299.9μm vs 267.0 μm,P＜0.05)以及绒毛表面积(10 321.5μm2 vs 8927.6 μm2,P＜0.05)均高于对照组,肠内生态营养组和普通肠内营养组比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05).肠内生态营养组大鼠小肠黏膜中IgA 细胞(21.2 vs 17.5,19.4,P＜0.05)和CD3 (24.2 vs 20.2,22.1,P＜0.05),CD4 (13.4vs 8.9,11.0,P＜0.05)、CD8 (18.7 vs 12.6,15.4,P＜0.05)细胞数均高于对照组和普通肠内营养组.结论:肠内生态营养能较好的改善创伤后大鼠的小肠机械屏障功能,促进小肠黏膜屏障功能的恢复,增强其肠道免疫功能.     

Fibroblast growth factors released by wounded endothelial cells stimulate proliferation of synovial cells.

We demonstrated that vascular endothelial cells mechanically wounded by scraping from the substratum were able to release growth promoting factors for synovial cells as well as for endothelial cells. The wounded endothelial cell conditioned medium stimulated the proliferation of synovial cells derived from different human donors dose dependently and induced transit of growth arrested synovial cells (predominant in the G0 and G1 phases), through the S phase and into the G2 and M phases. When the wounded endothelial cell conditioned medium was applied to heparin-sepharose columns, mitogenic activity was eluted with 2.0 M NaCl. The mitogenic activity in wounded endothelial cell conditioned medium, which was heat sensitive, was inhibited by protamine sulfate and a specific mouse monoclonal antibody against basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Our results are evidence that the wounded endothelial cell conditioned medium contained growth promoting factors for synovial cells, including bFGF. We also showed the presence of bFGF in the endothelial cells of the small blood vessels and stromal synovial fibroblast-like cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our results suggest that the endothelial cells in the luxuriant capillaries in the synovial tissues from patients with RA may have a critical role in the stimulation of neighboring synovial cell proliferation, resulting in pronounced synovial hyperplasia.     

2009 - 2012 年某犬伤门诊动物致伤人群流行病学特征分析

目的分析2009—2012年被动物咬伤至某犬伤门诊就诊病例的流行病学特征,为加强狂犬病防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性研究方法,根据犬伤门诊记录和统计资料,对伤人动物类别及就诊者的性别、年龄、职业、显露部位、级别、伤口处理、疫苗接种情况等相关因素进行统计分析。结果2009—2012年某犬伤门诊共接诊动物致伤患者2174例,全年各月均有病例,主集中在7—8月,不同季节被咬伤者的构成比比较,差异有统计学意义（x2=18．9,P〈0．01）;受伤地点以城区居多（1157例）,占33．93％;职业以农民为多,占26．63％;30—59岁的伤者最多,占42．91％;犬伤者占93．65％;咬伤部位下肢和上肢分别占58．33％和32．75％;规范化处置伤口率低,仅为39．51％,免疫球蛋白接种率仅为Ⅲ级暴露的27．29％。结论某犬伤门诊被动物咬伤就诊病例狂犬病疫苗接种意识良好,但伤IZl处理不被重视,狂犬病免疫球蛋白的使用率低,应普及狂犬病防治知识,提高人群自我保护意识;及时规范处理伤口和免疫接种。