应用标准化视频指导ACL重建术后病人康复的效果评价

目的 探讨标准化康复视频在前交叉韧带（anterior cruciate ligament, ACL）重建术后病人功能锻炼中的指导效果。方法 以2015年2月至2016年10月于我科就诊的130例ACL重建术病人为研究对象,按照入院时间将其分为两组,观察组62例病人,术后应用我科制作的标准化视频指导康复;对照组68例病人,术后按照传统的方法,提供书面康复训练计划指导病人康复,比较两组病人的住院时间、膝关节Lysholm功能评分及康复知识熟练掌握率、术后锻炼依从率、住院满意率等指标。结果 观察组病人的康复知识熟练掌握率、术后锻炼依从率、住院满意率分别为95.1%、95.1%、100.0%,显著高于对照组（64.7%、61.7%、79.1%）;观察组的住院时间为（6.8±1.8） d,较对照组的（9.2±2.3） d显著下降;观察组术后6个月的膝关节Lysholm功能评分为（90.2±3.5）分,较对照组的（70.8±2.8）分显著升高。上述指标组间比较的差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.001）。结论 使用标准化康复视频指导ACL重建术后病人功能锻炼能显著提高病人对于康复知识的熟练程度及康复锻炼依从性,有利于提升住院满意度,有效缩短住院时间,快速恢复病人膝关节功能。     

多学科团队制作手功能康复视频在烧伤患儿中的应用

目的探讨基于多学科团队协作制作的手功能康复视频在烧伤患儿家庭护理中的应用效果。方法将70例烧伤患儿随机分为对照组与观察组各35例。两组患儿分别在出院后第1~6个月进行随访复查。对照组以电话、微信语音或图片的方式讲解注意事项;观察组在此基础上,将多学科团队录制的手功能康复视频发送给患儿家长,指导其学习并对患儿实施康复训练。比较两组患儿总主动活动度优良率、温哥华瘢痕量表评分及照顾者满意度。结果出院后3个月、6个月观察组总主动活动度优良率显著高于对照组,温哥华瘢痕量表评分显著低于对照组,家长对患儿手部外观、宣教内容及形式满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论多学科团队协作制作的手功能康复视频可以促进患儿及照顾者积极配合进行主动和被动功能锻炼,促进患儿手部康复。     

Commercially available interactive video games in burn rehabilitation: therapeutic potential

Commercially available interactive video games (IVG) like the Nintendo Wii™ (NW) and PlayStation™II Eye Toy (PE) are increasingly used in the rehabilitation of patients with burn. Such games have gained popularity in burn rehabilitation because they encourage range of motion (ROM) while distracting from pain. However, IVGs were not originally designed for rehabilitation purposes but rather for entertainment and may lack specificity for achieving rehabilitative goals. Objectively evaluating the specific demands of IVGs in relation to common burn therapy goals will determine their true therapeutic benefit and guide their use in burn rehabilitation. Upper extremity (UE) motion of 24 normal children was measured using 3D motion analysis during play with the two types of IVGs most commonly described for use after burn: NW and PE. Data was analyzed using t-tests and One-way Analysis of Variance. Active range of motion for shoulder flexion and abduction during play with both PE and NW was within functional range, thus supporting the idea that IVGs offer activities with therapeutic potential to improve ROM. PE resulted in higher demands and longer duration of UE motion than NW, and therefore may be the preferred tool when UE ROM or muscular endurance are the goals of rehabilitation. When choosing a suitable IVG for application in rehabilitation, the user's impairment together with the therapeutic attributes of the IVG should be considered to optimize outcome.     

Physiotherapy rehabilitation of the smile after long-term facial nerve palsy using video self-modeling and implementation intentions.

OBJECTIVE: To improve smiling after long-term facial nerve palsy (FNP). Physiotherapy rehabilitation of an adapted (more symmetrical) smile was investigated in FNP subjects 1 year post-onset, using video self-modeling (video replay of only best adapted smiles) and implementation intentions (preplanning adapted smiles for specific situations). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective, blinded clinical trial. Facial-Nerve-Palsy Clinic. RESULTS: After video self-modeling: 1) reaction time (RT) to initiation of adapted smiles became 224 ms faster whereas RT for everyday (asymmetrical) smiles became 153 ms slower; 2) adapted smiles were completed 544 ms faster; 3) adapted smiles had higher overall quality, movement control, and symmetry ratings; and 4) Facial Disability Index scores also improved. Implementation intentions after video self-modeling ensured transfer of adapted smile to everyday situations. CONCLUSION: Following intervention the smile improved, with significant changes in availability, execution speed, and quality. SIGNIFICANCE: This study supports these rehabilitation techniques to maximize quality of smiling following FNP. EBM rating: B-2b.     

The hazards of rehabilitation.

Falls are the most common accident occurring to patients in hospital, especially those undergoing rehabilitation. The types, causes, and consequences of such falls are discussed in relation to the patients' age and underlying condition with reference to 386 accidents occurring over a 5-month period in a hospital with 50% geriatric beds. Measures that may reduce the hazard to the patient and minimise the risk of accidents in hospital are suggested.     

The Johannesburg cardiac rehabilitation programme

Cardiac rehabilitation has become a generally accepted mode of treatment for patients suffering from coronary artery disease. The Johannesburg cardiac rehabilitation programme was started in 1982 and has rapidly grown to become one of the largest programmes in southern Africa. This paper describes the 387 patients admitted to the unit between June 1986 and July 1988 and evaluates the effects of a combined exercise training and lifestyle modification programme. The mean age on admission was 55 years for males and 58 years for females. Most patients were from social classes I and II. Myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft and a combination of both were the most common reasons for admission (35.4%, 23% and 21.2% respectively). On admission 72.9% of patients were smokers, 26.3% had hypertension and 34.3% had hypercholesterolaemia. A 50% drop-out rate within 12 months of starting the programme was noted. An increase in peak oxygen uptake, weight and skinfold thickness reduction, and improvement in the lipogram were seen after 6 months in patients who complied well with the programme. Cardiac rehabilitation is a secondary preventive strategy that can complement traditional medical and surgical therapies.     

The value of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation

Although data are limited for preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation, benefit can be inferred largely from studies done on COPD and pulmonary rehabilitation because of the similarity of patient populations. Although underlying lung function is unchanged, patients who undergo preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation seem to experience an enhanced quality of life and increased functional capacity. Likewise, multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs can result in better patient compliance with medications and smoking cessation and decreased use of various health care resources. Although pulmonary rehabilitation works to benefit patients anticipating surgery, it also represents a valuable treatment alternative to patients who are poor surgical candidates. Pulmonary rehabilitation seems to be a cost-effective, benign intervention with no adverse effects and should remain an essential component of patient management before lung transplantation, LVRS, lung resection, and potentially any other elective thoracic surgical procedure.     

The effect of intra-operative video on patient anxiety

We conducted a randomised controlled study to evaluate whether watching video compact discs intra-operatively using a liquid crystal display (LCD) unit decreased anxiety. Forty-four patients undergoing elective surgery under regional anaesthesia were assigned to either the LCD or control group. Anxiety was measured using the Chinese version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and visual analogue score (VAS). The mean (SD) anxiety trait scores were 46.15 (6.28) and 46.40 (7.32) in the control and LCD groups, respectively. The state anxiety of the LCD group [35.50 (7.96)] measured immediately postoperatively was significantly lower than the control group [41.50 (9.02); p = 0.03]. The median (range) reduction in VAS anxiety score was not significantly greater in the LCD group [20 (20 to 80) mm] compared with the control group [12.5 (70 to 60) mm]. Watching video intra-operatively reduces patient anxiety as measured by the STAI.