榕属植物提取物止泻作用的研究

目的:印度贾尔贡地区森林里的榕属植物多年来被当地人用来治疗腹泻.本研究根据当地人的用药传统选取3类榕属植物的特定部位来研究它们对不同大鼠腹泻模型的治疗及缓解作用.方法:不限性别地选取体质量在180～200 g的Wistar大鼠240只,在每个独立实验中,大鼠分别被分为8组,每组10只.通过蓖麻油诱导大鼠腹泻、大鼠胃肠蠕动测试及前列腺素E2诱导大鼠小肠淤积的3个独立实验来评估孟加拉榕树树皮、聚果榕树叶以及无花果叶的乙醇提取物治疗腹泻的作用.结果:孟加拉榕树树皮、聚果榕树叶和无花果叶的提取物具有显著抑制由蓖麻油诱发的大鼠腹泻及前列腺素诱导的大鼠小肠淤积的作用.当给予大鼠400、600 mg/kg的乙醇提取物时,腹泻显著减少.与标准对照药组对比,服用3种植物乙醇提取物的大鼠表现出显著的剂量依赖性腹泻缓解现象(P＜0.01).与蓖麻油诱导大鼠腹泻实验中的对照组相比,榕属植物的乙醇提取物被证实具有显著的降低粪便排泄量及排泄次数的作用(P＜0.01).所有的植物提取物具有显著减缓木炭餐在大鼠小肠内的推进速度并抑制由前列腺素E2引起的大鼠小肠淤积的作用.结论:印度贾尔贡地区的榕属植物具有止泻作用.这些植物的作用机制主要通过解痉和抗小肠淤积来缓解腹泻,这可能与榕属植物的乙醇提取物内含有鞣酸及类黄酮有关.     

榕属药用植物研究概况

对榕属药用植物的化学成分和心血管系统，呼吸系统、免疫系统、抗肿瘤等方面的药理作用及临床应用作一概述。     

玫瑰茄花萼乙醇提取物的抗痛觉敏感、抗炎及止泻作用的实验研究（英文）

目的：研究玫瑰茄（Hibiscus sabdariffa）花萼的乙醇提取物的抗痛觉敏感、抗炎及止泻作用。方法：使用95%乙醇提取玫瑰茄花萼干品用于测定其功效。用小鼠扭体实验检测其抗痛觉敏感作用,二甲苯致耳水肿模型小鼠检测其抗炎症作用,蓖麻油致腹泻模型小鼠检测其止泻作用。结果：在乙酸致小鼠扭体实验中,玫瑰茄花萼的乙醇提取物对小鼠扭体的抑制与空白对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,对二甲苯致耳水肿模型小鼠的耳水肿的抑制与空白对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,且显著减少了蓖麻油致腹泻小鼠的排便次数并增加了排便间隔时间（P〈0.01）。结论：本研究的结果证实了玫瑰茄花萼的乙醇提取物具有显著的抗痛觉敏感、抗炎及止泻作用,验证了其在传统医学中的应用。     

防治糖尿病的越桔叶、豆荚等植物提取物组方

WO2006122541-A2该组方由机械摩擦活性矿物质(最好是天然微粒化的沸石)、越桔叶提取物、豆荚提取物、水杨梅属植物提取物、野生燕麦提取物、婆婆纳属(Veronica)植物和白菖蒲提取物,以及适量载体、佐剂和赋形剂组成。也可与胰岛素合用。本品可防治多种类型的糖尿病、糖尿病型尿崩症、肾型糖尿病、妊娠糖尿病以及与它们相关的疾病如AIDS、痤疮、变态反应、关节炎和乳腺癌。对型糖尿病患者试用结果表明:本剂能明显降低血液中葡萄糖水平。本品制造简单,使用安全有效。防治糖尿病的越桔叶、豆荚等植物提取物组方@陈军…     

柳叶菜属植物提取物对人前列腺细胞增殖的抑制作用

作者研究了柳叶菜属5种植物(柳叶菜Epilobium hirsutum、沼生柳叶菜E．palustre、E．rosmarinifolium、柳兰E．spicatum和E．tetragonum)提取物对前列腺上皮细胞PZ-HPV-7增殖的抑制作用及机理。     

细叶榕提取物对小鼠出血及凝血时间的影响

目的观察细叶榕提取物对小鼠出血时间和凝血时间的影响。方法小鼠灌胃给予低中高剂量细叶榕水、醇提物(分别为50、100、150g·kg-1),每天1次,连续给药7d,采用断尾法测定出血时间、毛细管法测定凝血时间。结果与空白对照组比较,细叶榕水、醇提取物对小鼠的出血时间及凝血时间均无明显影响,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论细叶榕水、醇提取物没有促凝血或抗凝血的作用。     

含荨麻提取物、黄芪属植物提取物等的制剂治疗与糖尿病相关的病症

一种矿物-蛋白制剂由合成沸石中的钙、复合维生素B、荨麻提取物的蛋白质部位、紫云英提取物、蜜蜂花提取物和啤酒花穗提取物组成。用于治疗与糖尿病相关的病症,预防哺乳动物(包括人)糖尿病性神经病,降低鸟     

Medicinal potential of Passiflora foetida L. plant extracts: biological and pharmacological activities

OBJECTIVE： To investigate analgesic, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extract of Passiflora foetida L. （Passifloraceae） by three experimental methods. METHODS： Analgesic activity of the ethanol extract of Passiflora foetida L. （EEPF） was carried out using acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition in mice. The method of castor oil-induced diarrhoea in mice was utilized to evaluate antidiarrhoeal activity. The cytotoxic activity of EEPF was explored with a brine shrimp lethality bioassay. RESULTS： The extract showed 68.75% and 30.00% inhibition of writhe at the doses of 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The extract increased the mean latent period prior to diarrhoeal onset to about 1.55 h and 1.17 h, and decreased the mean number of stools to 4.4 and 5.6 at the doses of 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight. The extract also demonstrated cytotoxic activity in the brine shrimp lethality assay, and the median lethal concentration for brine shrimp nauplii was 80 pg/mL. CONCLUSION： The results suggest that the plant extract has analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities, supporting its uses in traditional medicine. The results also demonstrate that the plant extract possesses cytotoxic activities.     

胡杨叶水提物不同极性部位体外抗氧化活性评价

目的:体外评价胡杨叶水提物不同极性部位的抗氧化活性,初步探究胡杨叶水提物的生物活性。方法:用乙酸乙酯和正丁醇对胡杨叶水提物进行萃取处理得到不同的极性部位并采用DPPH法测定不同极性部位样品清除自由基的能力。结果:在相同浓度下胡杨叶水提物乙酸乙酯部位抗氧化活性最强,其次是正丁醇部位,而水层样品对DPPH自由基几乎没有清除能力。结论:测定了胡杨叶水提物不同极性部位的抗氧化活性,初步确定胡杨叶中抗氧化相关活性成分主要存在于胡杨叶水提物的乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位。     

薜荔药材两种提取物的抗炎作用研究

目的:比较薜荔水提取物与乙醇提取物的抗炎作用。方法:采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法和醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细管通透性增高法观察薜荔水提取物与乙醇提取物对炎症的抗炎作用。结果:醇提取物对两种抗炎模型均有明显的抑制作用,能显著降低小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加及抑制小鼠耳廓肿胀。结论:薜荔药材乙醇提取物的抗炎效果优于水提取物。     

Gastric antisecretory and cytoprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Plumeria alba Linn,leaves in rats

OBJECTIVE： This study was conducted to evaluate the antiulcerogenic property of hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the leaves of Plumeria alba Linn. METHODS： Antiulcer assays were performed using the protocols of ulcer induced by non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ethanol and pylorus ligation. The hydroalcoholic extract （HAPA）, and various fractions of HAPA like, n-hexane extract （HPA）, ethyl acetate extract （EAPA） and n-butanol extract （BPA） were administered at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg for HAPA and 100 and 200 mg/kg for fractions of extracts. Parameters of gastric secretion （volume, pH, total protein, and free and total acidity） were determined by the pylorus ligation model. Parameters like aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were also determined in ethanol- induced ulcer model. To determine the mechanism of action, role of nitric oxide was also evaluated. RESULTS： EAPA and BPA （100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.） showed gastric ulcer-healing effect in indomethacin-induced ulcer model, while HAPA （200 mg/kg） and HPA showed no significant antiulcer effect. Both EAPA and BPA showed gastric cytoprotective effect in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and inhibited gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. CONCLUSION： The results of the present study show that some hydroalcoholic extract of Plumeria alba L. displays antiulcer activity, as demonstrated by the significant inhibition of ulcer formation induced by different models, which is consistent with the literature report in folk medicine.     

Evaluation of antioxidant activity of hydromethanolic extracts of some medicinal species from South Algeria

BackgroundPhytochemicals are found in abundance at different levels in many medicinal plants. It is important to measure the total phenolic compounds correctly in such medicinal plants, the better to assess their antioxidant capacity.MethodsOur study sought to evaluate the total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents of three Algerian medicinal plants: Echium pycnanthum Pomel, Haloxylon articulatum Boiss, and Solenostemma oleifolium Bull. & Bruce. We employed six different testing methods to help ascertain whether these compounds have an antioxidant capacity, including total antioxidant capacity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid⁺, β-carotene, reducing, and chelating assays.ResultsOur study showed that these medicinal plants exhibited significantly different total polyphenol contents varying from 27.3 ± 2.1 mg to 120.3 ± 5.6 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight. The phenolic content in H. articulatum was superior to those in E. pycnanthum and S. oleifolium. The same tendency was observed for the relative amounts of flavonoids and condensed tannins in the three medicinal plants. The antioxidant activities varied greatly among the different plants used in this study. Indeed, H. articulatum shoots exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity, with the lowest IC₅₀ (6.3 ± 0.25 μg/mL) and EC₅₀ (0.21 ± 0.01 mg/mL) values for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and iron reducing tests, respectively. In addition, the superiority of this plant was more marked as compared to positive controls. Strong and positive correlations were found between phenolic classes and antioxidant activities with a correlation coefficient reaching R ≥ 0.99.ConclusionThis investigation confirmed that several medicinal herbs from South Algeria possess high in vitro antioxidant potency. Overall, our results can be considered very promising in the continuing effort to utilize plant species successfully for medicinal purposes in humans, providing further justification for the hypothesis that phenolic compounds in these plants can provide substantial antioxidant activity.     

无花果水提取液抗疲劳作用及其对一氧化氮合酶活性的影响

目的探讨无花果水提取液的抗疲劳作用及其对一氧化氮合酶活性的影响。方法80只小鼠随机分成4组对照组,无花果水提取液低剂量组(0.22g/kg)、中剂量组(0.67g/kg)、高剂量组(2.0g/kg),连续灌胃5周后观察不同剂量的无花果水提取液灌胃的各组小鼠游泳时间,判断无花果水提取液的抗疲劳作用。同时测量小鼠游泳30min后的血中各种类型的一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的活性。结果在游泳实验中,中、高剂量组的小鼠的游泳时间分别为(138.70±28.79)min和(56.55±16.64)min,明显高于对照组[(21.00±7.36)min](P<0.05),低剂量组的游泳时间为(23.43±3.90)min,高于对照组,但差异无显著性。在总NOS(tNOS)方面,低、中、高各剂量组的活性分别为(38.94±10.74)U/L、(31.04±9.14)U/L、(65.34±14.00)U/L,高于对照组的(18.35±4.82)U/L(P<0.05);在结构型NOS(cNOS)方面,中、高各剂量组的活性分别为(21.04±6.15)U/L和(21.91±6.67)U/L,与对照组的(5.94±1.72)U/L比差异有显著性(P<0.05),低剂量组的活性为(6.41±1.13)U/L与对照组比差异无显著性;而在诱导型的NOS(iNOS)方面低、中、高各剂量组的活性分别为(32.56±11.39)U/L、(10.51±3.03)U/L和(36.44±15.10)U/L与对照组的(12.78±2.92)U/L比较差异无显著性。结论无花果水提取液具有一定的抗疲劳作用,该作用可能是通过提高血中的tNOS、cNOS的活性来实现的。     

棱果榕乙酸乙酯萃取物和阿霉素化疗对人类乳腺癌细胞T47D的协同效应

目的：以往研究已证实,棱果榕树叶的乙醇提取物及其乙酸乙酯萃取物（ethyl acetate soluble fraction,EASF）对人类乳腺癌细胞T47D有很强的细胞毒效应。本研究将进一步明确棱果榕树叶乙醇提取物的EASF联合阿霉素对人类乳腺癌T47D细胞系在细胞毒性、细胞周期阻滞以及诱导细胞凋亡方面的协同效应。方法：使用溴化噻唑蓝四氮唑比色法分析T47D细胞毒性效应,流式细胞仪进行细胞周期分析,ModFitLT3.0程序进行数据处理;采用溴化乙锭/吖啶橙双染色法检测细胞凋亡;免疫组织化学法识别T47D细胞系的聚ADP-核苷酸聚合酶（poly ADP-ribose polymerase,PARP）的表达。结果：EASF（0.875～7μg/mL）与阿霉素（2～8nmol/L）联合使用比单纯使用阿霉素能更有效地抑制T47D细胞生长。此外,二者联合使用能够增加细胞凋亡的发生率。研究发现,EASF能通过改变细胞从G2/M期至G1期而增强阿霉素的细胞毒效应。并且,二者的结合比单独使用能刺激T47D细胞中裂解性PARP的表达。结论：EASF可以通过诱导细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞加强T47D细胞中的阿霉素活性。     

苋科植物雁来红叶提取物对大鼠的胃细胞保护及抗分泌作用

目的：验证苋科植物雁来红（Amaranthustricolor Linn.）叶的提取物对不同胃溃疡模型大鼠的抗溃疡作用。方法：通过5种不同的大鼠胃溃疡模型（乙酸、幽门结扎、乙醇、消炎痛及缺血再灌注模型）证实雁来红叶对大鼠胃分泌功能的影响及胃细胞的保护作用。不同的雁来红叶的提取物（乙醇、石油醚、三氯甲烷及乙酸乙酯）以200mg/kg的剂量给予大鼠服用以检测其功效。结果：急性口服毒性实验显示各种提取物的安全口服剂量可达2000mg/kg,故选取该剂量的十分之一即200mg/kg作为实验用剂量。乙醇提取物及乙酸乙酯提取物对乙酸所致大鼠慢性胃溃疡有治愈作用;对幽门结扎大鼠有抑制其胃分泌功能的作用;对乙醇及消炎痛所致胃溃疡大鼠有胃细胞保护作用。而石油醚及三氯甲烷提取物没有明显的抗大鼠胃溃疡的作用。结论：本研究证明雁来红叶的提取物对实验性大鼠胃溃疡有很好的治疗作用,这一作用与文献所报道的该植物在民间医学中的应用相符。