腹腔镜与开腹低位直肠癌Miles术疗效与安全性的对照研究

目的：比较腹腔镜与开腹直肠癌Miles术在低位直肠癌治疗中的疗效与安全性。方法选取我院2009-06~2014-06收治的163例低位直肠癌患者作为研究对象,参照患者选取的手术方式将其分为腹腔镜组75例与开腹组88例,其中腹腔镜组患者行腹腔镜 Miles 术,开腹组患者行开腹 Miles 术,比较两组患者的手术疗效与安全性、术后并发症情况。结果腹腔镜组患者的术中出血量、术后并发症发生率明显少于开腹组(P<0.05),术后恢复明显快于开腹组(P<0.05),腔镜组手术平均用时、淋巴结清扫数量、近期复发率和病死率与开腹组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两种手术治疗方法均能在低位直肠癌治疗应用中获得良好的临床效果,但与传统的低位直肠癌开腹手术相比,腹腔镜Miles术创伤更小,且术后恢复快,并发症发生率低,总体安全性更高。     

腹腔镜Miles术和开腹Miles术治疗低位直肠癌临床分析

目的:通过与传统的开腹Miles术治疗低位直肠癌比较,对比分析腹腔镜Miles术的安全性和可行性。方法:回顾性分析2005年1月～2008年6月我院低位直肠癌患者Miles术88例,其中腹腔镜组48例,遵循全肠系膜切除原则行腹腔镜低位直肠癌Miles术;开腹组40例,行常规开腹手术。对比两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、切除淋巴数、术后肠功能恢复情况、术后住院时间、并发症、住院费用等情况。结果:腹腔镜组术中出血量、肠功能恢复时间和住院天数均明显少于开腹组,且住院费用以及并发症发生率也均优于开腹组,但其手术时间较长,两组比较存在显著差异(P<0.05);此外,腹腔镜组切除淋巴结数与开腹组无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜低位直肠癌根治术治疗直肠癌创伤小、康复快、安全可靠,短期随访效果肯定,值得推广。     

腹腔镜与开腹Miles术治疗直肠癌远近期疗效的疗效分析

目的分析腹腔镜与开腹Miles术治疗直肠癌远近期疗效的疗效。方法选取我院2010年10月至2011年10月收治的112例直肠癌患者临床资料,根据手术方案的不同将其分为两组,其中对照组72例行开腹Miles术治疗,研究组40例行腹腔镜Miles术治疗,比较两组远近期疗效。结果研究组切口长度、术中出血量、肛门排气时间及胃肠功能恢复时间均比对照组优(P0.05);研究组术后并发症总发生率比对照组低(P0.05);两组远期生存率对比均未显示高度差异(P0.05)。结论直肠癌行腹腔镜与开腹Miles术治疗远期疗效相近,但前者具创伤小、术后恢复及并发症少等一系列优势,具临床推广应用价值。     

腹腔镜辅助Miles术治疗低位直肠癌围手术期疗效的临床研究

目的探讨腹腔镜Miles术治疗低位直肠癌的可行性、安全性及近期临床疗效。方法将2009年01月至2010年11月该院同期收治的96例低位直肠癌患者,分为腹腔镜组60例和传统开腹组36例,分别行腹腔镜手术和开腹手术,对其临床资料进行比较分析。结果腹腔镜组术中平均出血量、术后肠道功能恢复时间、自主排尿时间、术后并发症及术后住院天数等方面均少于开腹组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜辅助下Miles术能够取得与传统开腹手术同样的肿瘤根治性效果,且具有更加安全、术后恢复快、创伤小和住院时间短等优点。     

20例晚期直肠癌腹腔镜辅助下行MILES术的治疗体会

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下行晚期直肠癌MILES术的治疗体会。方法选取我院2012年12月-2013年2月收治的20例晚期直肠癌患者,将患者分为腹腔镜辅助Miles术组和常规开腹手术,各10例,对比两组患者手术时间、出血量、手术并发症、术后肠道功能恢复时间、淋巴结清扫数目。结果腹腔镜辅助Miles术组患者出血量、手术并发症、术后肠道功能恢复时间及住院时间低于常规开腹手术组,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组患者住院时间、淋巴结清扫数目对比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。腹腔镜辅助Miles术组术后并发2例,占10%,常规开腹组为7例,占70%。两组对比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论腹腔镜辅助Miles术与传统手术相比优势明显,创伤小、肠功能恢复快,康复快、安全可行,值得临床推广和应用。     

腹腔镜与开腹直肠癌根治手术疗效比较

目的探讨腹腔镜下直肠癌根治手术的可行性及安全性。方法行直肠癌根治术治疗的73例患者中,35例行腹腔镜辅助直肠癌根治手术(腹腔镜组),38例行开腹直肠癌根治术(开腹手术组),观察对比两组患者的手术时间、住院费用、切口长度、出血量等。结果与开腹手术组相比,腹腔镜组手术时间较长、住院费用较高(P0.05),而切口长度、术中出血量、术后排气时间、尿管拔除时间、下床活动时间、术后住院时间均明显较短(P0.05);两组淋巴结清扫数目、并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜手术具有出血量少、恢复快、住院时间短等优点。     

腹腔镜辅助与传统开腹低位直肠癌保肛手术的疗效比较

目的 比较腹腔镜辅助与传统开腹低位直肠癌保肛手术的临床疗效.方法 将88例低位直肠癌患者分为腹腔镜组(n=46)与开腹组(n = 42),腹腔镜组采用腹腔镜辅助低位直肠癌保肛手术治疗,开腹组行传统开腹低位直肠癌保肛手术,比较两组手术相关指标、术后恢复情况及术后并发症情况.结果 腹腔镜组术中失血量、术后肛门排气时间、下床...     

腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除保肛根治术与传统开腹手术治疗低位直肠癌的效果比较

目的观察腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除保肛根治术与传统开腹手术在低位直肠癌患者中的应用价值。方法选取2014年1月至2018年2月伊川县人民医院低位直肠癌患者101例作为研究对象,根据手术方案分为腹腔镜组(51例)与开腹组(50例)。腹腔镜组采用腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除保肛根治术,开腹组采用传统开腹手术。统计两组手术时间、术中出血量、肠道功能恢复时间、住院时间、并发症。结果两组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。腹腔镜组术中出血量、肠道功能恢复时间、住院时间低于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。腹腔镜组淋巴漏、吻合口漏、切口感染等并发症发生率低于开腹组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除保肛根治术可促进低位直肠癌患者术后恢复,降低并发症发生率。     

腹腔镜全系膜切除术联合经肛门内括约肌切除术治疗超低位直肠癌的临床疗效分析

目的探析腹腔镜下全系膜切除术联合经肛门内括约肌切除术治疗超低位直肠癌的临床疗效分析。方法选取2016年5月至2018年5月在我院行手术治疗的超低位直肠癌病人89例,用随机分组法将超低位直肠癌病人分为开腹组(n=44)和腹腔镜组(n=45),观察病人的手术情况、术后恢复情况、术后并发症情况、术后3个月排尿功能和肛门功能等。结果腹腔镜组病人手术时间、住院时间和肛门排气时间均明显短于开腹组(P0.05);术中出血量和术后并发症明显少于开腹组(P0.05);两组病人术后3个月排尿功能和肛门功能的差异无统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论腹腔镜下全系膜切除术联合经肛门内括约肌切除术治疗超低位直肠癌的安全性和有效性均较高。     

低位直肠癌保肛治疗的临床研究

目的：目的：探讨低位直肠癌行保肛治疗的临床效果。方法：选取2013年6月至2015年6月该院收治的低位直肠癌患者66例,根据其手术方法分为对照组与研究组,对照组患者行非保肛手术（经腹会阴联合切除术）进行治疗,研究组行低位直肠癌保肛术治疗;对比两组患者围术期指标情况、术后肛门功能恢复情况及术后并发症发生率。结果：研究组患者除手术时间外其他围术期指标所用时间均少于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者术后肛门功能恢复情况比较,无显著差异（P＞0.05）;研究组患者并发症总发生率为6.06％明显低于对照组的（21.21％,P＜0.05）。结论：低位直肠癌患者行低位直肠癌保肛术治疗,术后并发症少,值得推广应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.