流式细胞术检测中性粒细胞CD64指数在鉴别早期感染性疾病中的临床价值分析

目的 分析流式细胞术检测中性粒细胞CD64指数在鉴别早期感染性疾病中的临床价值.方法 选取我院2015年10月至2017年4月期间收治的感染性疾病患者200例,根据感染严重程度分为早期局部感染组(n=120)和脓毒血症组(n=80),另选同期入院体检的健康志愿者50例作为对照组.所有研究对象均于入院后24 ～ 48h内及治疗前进行血常规WBC检测和CRP测定,采用流式细胞仪多参数分析中性粒细胞CD64 (MESF)及中性粒细胞CD64指数,通过绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线计算中性粒细胞CD64指数鉴别早期感染性疾病的灵敏度和特异性.结果 对照组、早期局部感染组、脓毒血症组中性粒细胞CD64及血清CRP、WBC水平依次显著升高,各组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).早期局部感染组中性粒细胞CD64指数与血浆CRP、WBC水平呈正相关(P＜0.05).中性粒细胞CD64指数、CRP、WBC的曲线下面积分别为0.896、0.757、0.629(P均＜0.05);与CRP、WBC相比,中性粒细胞CD64指数鉴别早期感染性疾病的灵敏度、特异性为97.39％、90.59％明显升高.结论 分析外周血中性粒细胞CD64指数对于早期感染性疾病的鉴别诊断有重要价值,其诊断效能明显优于血常规WBC和CRP检测.     

Atomization inhalation of terbutaline and budesonide efficiently improved immunity and lung function of AECOPD patients

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is a syndrome of chronic progressive airflow limitation as a result of chronic inflammation of the airways and lung parenchyma. COPD patients always have airway hyperreactivity （AHR）, so how to reduce AHR becomes the key purpose of clinical treatment. It is hypothesized that combined inhalation of corticosteroids and β2-agonists can reduce the AHR in COPD. In this study, atomization inhalation of budesonide and terbutaline plus conventional therapies was applied to treat AECOPD （acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease） patients for two weeks. The results showed that additional inhalation of budesonide and terbutaline could upregulate serum IL-2 levels, the percentages of CD3^＋ T and CD4^＋ T cells, and CD4/CD8 ratio, and decrease eosinophils and serum CRP level more efficiently than conventional treatment in patients with AECOPD. And the lung function of the atomization inhalation group was improved more obviously after the treatment compared with the conventional treatment group. Thus, atomization inhalation of terbutaline and budesonide can control AECOPD effectively, and has wide clinical perspective in controlling and preventing the exacerbation of COPD. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2008;5（4）：287-291.     

C-反应蛋白、降钙素原以及D-二聚体在AECOPD中联合监测的意义

目的 分析C-反应蛋白、降钙素原以及D-二聚体在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)中联合监测的意义.方法 研究选取本院就诊的确诊慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者106例进行研究,其中COPD稳定期患者56例,AECOPD患者50例.收集患者静脉血并检测降钙素(procalcitonin,PCT)、C-反应蛋白(C-Reactive protein,CRP)、D-二聚体(D-Dimer,D-D)等指标水平并进行比较,AECOPD组患者在入院后2h、治疗后7d以及出院前对三指标水平动态变化进行分析讨论.数据均应用SPSS17.0统计软件包进行分析.结果 本研究中,人院时AECOPD组患者PCT水平为0.93±0.24ng/mL,COPD组为0.43±0.07ng/mL,AECOPD组显著升高,P＜0.05;人院时AECOPD组患者CRP水平为24.87±3.76g/L,COPD组为14.07±3.94g/L,也表现为AECOPD组显著升高,P＜0.05;D-D水平也可见类似结果,AECOPD组患者为1523.76±235.65 μg/L,COPD组为987.87 ±209.76μg/L,AECOPD组显著升高,P＜0.05.对AECOPD组患者人院时、入院后7d和出院时三个时间点的监测数据分析可见随着治疗干预的进行及患者病情缓解出院,PCT、CRP及D-D水平在AECOPD患者中均呈逐渐减低趋势,三个指标在三个不同时间点的监测数据差别均有统计学意义,P＜0.05.结论 PCT、CRP及D-D水平联合监测对于判定COPD患者预后以及评价AECOPD患者病情及治疗效果具有积极的预测意义,值得临床关注并应用于相关预防与治疗工作中.     

中性粒细胞CD64、PCT联合CRP诊断儿童脓毒血症的价值

目的 探讨中性粒细胞CD64、降钙素原（PCT）和C-反应蛋白（CRP）联合检测在儿童脓毒血症早期诊断中的价值。方法选取2017年1月~2018年12月鄂尔多斯市中心医院儿科收治的55例脓毒血症患儿作为观察组,将同期的55例非感染性疾病患儿作为对照组。分别采用流式细胞术、电化学发光法、免疫透射比浊法检测两组患儿入院时中性粒细胞CD64水平、血清PCT浓度、CRP浓度,比较三种指标独立检测和联合检测诊断儿童脓毒血症的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值;分析观察组治疗前后中性粒细胞CD64、CRP、PCT水平变化情况。结果 入院时观察组中性粒细胞CD64、PCT及CRP水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;三种指标联合检测诊断儿童脓毒血症的灵敏度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度最高,分别为85.02%、75.60%、93.21%、90.15%;治疗后观察组患儿中性粒细胞CD64、PCT 和CRP水平均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 中性粒细胞CD64、PCT及CRP联合检测能有效提高儿童脓毒血症早期诊断率,为临床治疗提供参考依据。     

CD64的表达在成人麻疹并发细菌性肺炎患者中的诊断价值

目的 探讨中性粒细胞CD64的表达在麻疹并发细菌性肺炎患者的临床价值.方法 选取成人麻疹肺炎患者106例,按临床表现和细菌学检测结果 分为麻疹合并细菌性肺炎组及麻疹合并病毒肺炎组,应用流式细胞术测定中性粒细胞CD64,同时测外周血C反应蛋白（CRP）和白细胞.结果 麻疹合并细菌性肺炎组出疹期CD64水平为（32.15±11.07）MFI,明显高于恢复期（10.6±3.23）MFI（P＜0.01）和麻疹合并病毒性肺炎组（9.55±3.48）MFI（P＜0.01）,以CD64≥8.50MFI、CRP≥10.00 mg/L、WBC≥9.05×109/L阳性标准,三种指标的敏感度分别为78.12%、80.48%、59.37%,特异度分别为76.19、67.67%、64.28%,准确度为77.35%、74.52%、61.32%;CD64与CRP呈正相关.结论 与CRP比较,中性粒细胞CD64的表达可作为麻疹合并细菌性肺炎患者的早期诊断、并可用于判断病情程度的可靠指标之一.     

中性粒细胞CD64指数指导慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期抗生素应用的探讨

目的 研究CD64指数在减少慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）患者抗生素应用中的意义。方法 选取2017年1月~10月入住我院的120例AECOPD患者,随机分为对照组和实验组,各60例。对照组根据2016年GOLD指南使用抗生素,实验组根据入院2 h内CD64指数水平来决定是否使用抗生素,在第4天、第8天复测CD64指数水平,若第8天CD64指数≤3,则停用抗生素,相反则继续使用抗生素。比较两组不同时间CD64指数、出院时相关指标（临床有效率、抗生素使用时间、住院时间、平均抗生素花费）、出院后1年内相关指标包括:至下次急性加重时间、随访1年内急性加重次数、住院次数及第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）变化。结果 治疗后第4天和第8天,实验组CD64指数水平分别为（1.84±0.65）、（0.86±0.05）,对照组CD64指数水平分别为（2.52±0.30）、（1.45±0.03）均较入院时的（3.47±1.00）、（3.04±1.12）降低,且实验组CD64指数在治疗后第4天和第8天均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;②实验组抗生素使用时间、住院时间、平均抗生素花费均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组的临床有效率、至下次急性加重时间、随访1年内急性加重次数、住院次数及FEV1变化比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 CD64指数可有助于决定AECOPD患者是否使用抗生素,对AECOPD患者抗生素的使用有重要的指导意义     

WBC、CRP和PCT在急诊发热患者诊治中的应用

目的 探讨WBC、CRP和PCT在急诊发热患者诊治中的应用效果。方法 选用2015年11月~2017年11月中山市人民医院救治的119例急诊发热患者为研究对象,给予患者实施WBC、CRP和PCT检测和病因学检查,依据诊断结果中是否感染细菌分为对照组和观察组,对照组32例为非细菌感染患者,观察组87例为细菌感染患者,对比两组WBC、CRP、PCT诊断情况。结果 观察组的WBC、CRP、PCT水平高于对照组,血液WBC、CRP、PCT的指标中,敏感度、特异度等进行比较,三种联合检测的敏感度和准确度最高。结论 WBC、CRP和PCT在急诊发热患者诊治中的应用效果显著,细菌感染发热患者WBC、CRP和PCT水平明显提升,PCT的特异性更优,CRP敏感度更优,联合检测的应用价值最高。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期与慢性阻塞性肺疾病并发社区获得性肺炎患者的临床对比

目的 探究慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期与慢性阻塞性肺疾病并发社区获得性肺炎患者的临床对比,旨在为临床的诊断和治疗提供科学依据。方法 选取2017年3月~2018年3月于我院接受治疗的82例COPD患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为两组,其中观察组42例为AECOPD患者,对照组40例为COPD合并CAP患者,比较两组患者的临床症状、肺功能以及PCT、CRP水平。结果 观察组患者呼吸困难、咳脓痰、精神差、发热等临床症状的发生率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组患者FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC分别为（64.15±7.26）ml、（62.85±7.29）ml、（62.03±5.54）%,均高于对照组的（52.51±5.75）ml、（50.85±6.74）ml、（52.34±5.61）%,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组患者PCT和CRP分别为（0.52±0.07）ng/L和（21.51±1.35）mg/L,均低于对照组的（0.97±0.08）ng/L和（40.05±1.57）mg/L,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 AECOPD患者与COPD合并CAP患者相比,临床症状发生情况较少,肺功能较好,对患者进行相关检测,能够提高治疗效果。     

中性粒细胞表面CD64在细菌感染诊断与鉴别诊断中的应用价值

在临床工作中,细菌感染早期缺乏特异性临床表现,而细菌培养耗时长、阳性率低,因此早期诊断非常困难.近年来的研究发现,细菌感染早期中性粒细胞表面CD64水平明显升高,全身感染时升高尤为明显,与白细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分数、CRP、ESR、IL-6及降钙素原等炎性指标明显相关,且中性粒细胞表面CD64表达在诊断与鉴别诊断病毒感染、创伤以及自身免疫性疾病活动期方面与其他炎性指标相比更具特异性.因此开展中性粒细胞表面CD64检测有利于细菌感染的早期诊断与鉴别诊断,减少抗生素的滥用和耐药的发生,具有广泛的临床应用前景.     

新生儿感染性疾病中性粒细胞CD64分子变化及临床意义

目的观察新生儿感染性疾病中性粒细胞CD64表达水平及其临床意义。方法将34例新生儿感染性疾病患儿根据其临床表现及实验室检查结果分为败血症12例,非败血症感染22例,以同期收治的非感染性新生儿28例为对照组。采用全血流式细胞术、放射酶联免疫吸附试验及特定蛋白分析仪比浊法分别检测三组患儿CD64指数、IL-6、CRP水平。结果败血症组CD64指数、IL-6及CRP水平均高于非败血症感染组和对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05),非败血症感染组CD64指数、IL-6及CRP水平高于对照组(P<0.05);感染组CD64指数与IL-6呈显著的正相关(P<0.01);败血症组CD64指数随病情好转而逐渐降低。结论新生儿周血中性粒细胞CD64表达水平在感染性疾病时显著升高,并随病情而变化,早期检测意义较大。     

小儿肺炎中PCT、WBC、hs-CRP检测对疾病诊断及预后判断价值分析

目的 分析小儿肺炎中PCT、WBC、hs-CRP检测对疾病诊断及预后的判断价值.方法 选取2015年5月至2016年4月在本院住院治疗的肺炎患儿120例作为观察组,健康儿童65例作为对照组.检测治疗前后患儿及健康儿童血清PCT、WBC、hs-CRP的变化.结果 治疗前,细菌感染组WBC数量(15.5±3.4)×109/L、hs-CRP水平(19.8±2.6) mg/L和PCT水平(21.9±2.1)ng/mL均明显高于非细菌感染组(6.8 ±2.3)×109/L、(4.5±2.3)mg/L、(4.7±1.8) ng/mL和健康对照组(8.1 ±1.4)×109/L、(3.5±1.2) mg/L、(1.8±0.5) ng/mL,且差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).而非细菌感染组和健康对照组的WBC、hs-CRP和PCT结果差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);治疗后,细菌感染组WBC数量(7.3±1.4)×109/L、hs-CRP水平(5.1 ± 1.2) mg/L和PCT水平(2.3 ± 1.2) ng/mL均明显低于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);WBC、hs-CRP、PCT联合检测的灵敏性95.2％、特异性93.0％、准确度93.3％显著高于WBC、hs-CRP、PCT单独检测,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在小儿肺炎治疗过程中,动态监测患儿血清的WBC、hs-CRP、PCT的变化,并结合临床,有助于诊疗和判断患儿疾病愈后的情况,具有显著的临床意义,值得推广应用.     

Reactive Oxygen Species in Peripheral Blood and Sputum Neutrophils During Bacterial and Nonbacterial Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic airway inflammation can be mediated by an enhanced neutrophil oxidative burst. However, the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations is highly controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in peripheral blood and sputum neutrophils during bacterial and nonbacterial acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). A total of 40 patients with AECOPD, 10 healthy nonsmokers, and 10 “healthy” smokers were enrolled into the study. Peripheral blood and sputum samples were obtained during exacerbation and after recovery. Neutrophils were isolated by high-density gradient centrifugation and magnetic separation. ROS production by neutrophils was investigated after stimulation with phorbol-myristate-acetate and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. ROS production by neutrophils was assessed as the mean fluorescent intensity using a flow cytometer. IL-8 levels in serum and induced sputum were determinant by ELISA. Spontaneous ROS production was significantly higher in neutrophils from the patients with bacterial AECOPD as compared with nonbacterial AECOPD and stable COPD (P <0.05). ROS production stimulated with PMA and with Staphylococcus aureus was significantly higher in neutrophils isolated from the patients with bacterial AECOPD as compared with nonbacterial and stable COPD (P <0.05). The serum and induced sputum IL-8 levels were significantly increased in the patients with bacterial AECOPD than nonbacterial AECOPD, stable COPS, and “healthy” smokers and nonsmokers (P <0.05) and higher in the induced sputum as the compared with serum in all studied groups (P <0.05). Enlarge CRP level was documented during AECOPD than in all other groups (P <0.05). A markedly increased ROS production in sputum neutrophils during bacterial AECOPD shows an inflammatory response reflecting enhanced local inflammation, which can be mediated by bacterial colonization.     

血清降钙素原在儿童发热性疾病中的应用价值分析

目的 探讨降钙素原对儿童发热性疾病早期诊断及鉴别诊断的应用价值。方法 选取2015年7月~2016年3月我院收治的发热患儿270例,其中细菌感染组80例,非细菌感染组130例,对照组（非发热性疾病患儿）60例,入院前1 d已全部行WBC+CRP检测,入院当天全部行PCT检测,对比三组检测结果。结果 细菌感染组外周血WBC+CRP水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。细菌感染组PCT水平均高于非细菌感染组及对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 血清PCT可作为早期诊断细菌感染的可靠指标,对儿童发热性疾病的鉴别诊断及抗生素的使用具有重要意义。     

血清PCT和CRP对社区获得性肺炎的诊断价值

目的:探讨血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)和C-反应蛋白(CRP)在社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的诊断价值.方法:选择2009年9月～12月住院的CAP患者56例,健康对照组30例,所有对象均抽取静脉血,离心后留取血清置-20℃,采用免疫化学发光法测降钙素原,免疫散射比浊法测CRP.结果:56例CAP患者...     

血清降钙素原水平对老年心衰合并肺部感染抗生素治疗的指导价值及对血清WBC、CRP和ESR水平的影响

目的 探讨血清降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)动态变化在老年心衰合并肺部感染患者治疗中的临床应用价值.方法 老年心衰合并肺部感染患者共132例,随机分为对照组和实验组各66例.所有患者均给予常规的治疗措施,对照组由主管医师通过分析患者临床症状和病情变化决定使用抗菌药物的治疗时机.实验组于入院后第1、第3、第7和第14天检测血清PCT水平,据PCT水平及其动态变化来决定抗菌药物使用.观察两组患者的抗菌药物疗程、抗菌药物费用、住院时间、住院总费用、二重感染率、临床有效率、住院病死率、半年随访期间肺部感染的发生情况以及停用抗生素时两组患者血清白细胞计数(white blood cell,WBC)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)和血红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)的差异.结果 对照组总有效率81.8％,病死率6.1％,实验组总有效率87.9％,病死率4.5％,二组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).实验组在住院时间、住院费用、抗生素使用疗程、抗生素费用和二重感染发生率方面均显著低于对照组(P均＜0.05).停用抗生素时两组患者WBC、CRP和ESR差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).结论 血清PCT水平可作为老年心衰合并肺部感染治疗中决定是否使用抗生素、评价抗菌药物疗效及作为停用抗生素的参考指标.     

CD64感染指数、BODE指数与降钙素原在慢阻肺患者中的水平变化

目的 分析慢阻肺患者的CD64感染指数、BODE指数与降钙素原的水平变化并探究其临床意义。方法 收集2016年1月~2017年3月我院收治的慢阻肺患者80例作为研究组,同时将同期在医院进行检查的稳定期慢阻肺患者作为对照组。分别检测CD64感染指数、BODE指数与降钙素原的水平,分析其临床意义。结果 对照组CD64感染指数为（3.28±0.75）,BODE指数为（1.65±0.39）,降钙素原水平为（0.15±0.09）ng/ml。治疗前,研究组CD64感染指数（5.28±1.99）、BODE指数（3.21±0.63）、降钙素原水平[（0.28±0.13）ng/ml]均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后,研究组CD64感染指数（3.97±0.81）、BODE指数（1.98±0.41）、降钙素原水平[（0.12±0.12）ng/ml]均下降,与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 CD64感染指数、降钙素原可能是监测慢阻肺住院患者的早期指标,若能在早期进行检测,为用药进行指导,可降低患者住院风险;同时也有利于临床合理应用抗菌药物。而BODE指数则可作为评估患者病情程度及预后的指标。     

Association between peripheral blood WBCs C3aR mRNA level and plasma C3a,C3aR,IL-1β concentrations and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BackgroundThe relationship between C3a-C3aR, IL-1β, and the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is still unclear. This study aims to explore the expression levels of C3aR in peripheral blood WBCs and the concentrations of C3a, C3aR, and IL-1β in plasma in healthy controls and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsWBCs C3aR level in the peripheral blood, the concentrations of C3a, C3aR, and IL-1β in plasma were measured in 60 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), 30 patients with stable COPD (SCOPD), and 30 healthy controls. The baseline characteristics and clinical data collected from enrolled patients, including age, gender, laboratory indicators, and lung function. We analyzed the correlation between C3a, C3aR, IL-1β, and lung function indicators (forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of predicted value, FEV₁%pred) in the AECOPD group.ResultsThe white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) of patients in COPD were higher than in healthy controls (P < 0.05). The peripheral blood WBCs C3aR mRNA and plasma C3a, C3aR, and IL-1β in AECOPD were higher than in SCOPD and healthy controls (P < 0.05). The peripheral blood WBCs C3aR mRNA and plasma C3aR, and IL-1β in AECOPD combined with respiratory failure were higher than in the non-respiratory failure group (P < 0.05). The peripheral blood WBCs C3aR mRNA and plasma C3a, C3aR, and IL-1β in AECOPD with high-risk were higher than in the low-risk group (P < 0.05). The peripheral blood WBCs C3aR mRNA and plasma C3a, C3aR, and IL-1β in AECOPD were negatively correlated with FEV₁pred%. The peripheral blood WBCs C3aR mRNA, the plasma C3a and C3aR in AECOPD were positively correlated with IL-1β.ConclusionThe peripheral blood WBCs C3aR mRNA and plasma C3a, C3aR, and IL-1β in COPD patients were significantly related to the risk of disease deterioration. The C3a-C3aR axis may be involved in airway inflammation in patients with COPD.     

序贯性早期肠内营养在中度重症急性胰腺炎患者治疗中的作用

目的 研究对中度重症急性胰腺炎（MSAP）患者应用序贯性早期肠内营养（SEEN）支持疗法的临床疗效。方法 将2018年5月~2019年7月在安徽医科大学附属安庆医院普外科住院的67例符合条件的患者随机分为序贯性早期肠内营养组33例（A组）和早期肠内营养组34例（B组）。A组给予序贯性早期肠内营养支持,B组给予早期肠内营养支持。比较两组前白蛋白（PAB）、白蛋白（ALB）、淋巴细胞（CD3+、CD4+）、降钙素原（PCT）、白细胞（WBC）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白介素6（IL-6）、胃肠道不耐受情况及住院天数。结果 入院第1天,两组PAB、ALB、CD3+、CD4+、PCT、WBC、CRP、TNF-α、IL-6比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;第3天,A组PCT、WBC、CRP、TNF-α、IL-6均低于B组,而CD3+、CD4+、PAB、ALB均高于B组,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;第7、11天,A组PCT、WBC、CRP、TNF-α、IL-6均低于B组,而CD3+、CD4+、PAB、ALB均高于B组（P＜0.05）;A组患者胃肠道不耐受发生率及住院天数均少于B组（P＜0.05）。结论 对MSAP患者行序贯性早期肠内营养支持治疗较早期肠内营养支持更有助于降低胃肠道不耐受的发生率,促进蛋白质合成,改善全身炎症反应和免疫功能低下状态,减少住院的天数。     

The effect of CD33 expression on inflammatory response in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective: In this article, the effects of CD33 expression from peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes on inflammatory response in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were examined. Methods: CD33 and CD64 expression on peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes from patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy control were detected by flow cytometry. To evaluate the effect of CD33 on inflammation immunity in COPD, the correlation between CD33 expression and CD64 expression, as well as inflammatory indices were investigated. Results: We found that the expression of CD64 on granulocytes and monocytes, as well as the levels of C-reacting protein (CRP) and myoglobin (MYO) or the proportion of neutrophils (N%) significantly increased in COPD patients compared to normal control group (p?<?0.01). The expression of CD33 on granulocytes was significantly and negatively correlated with the level of CRP (r?=??0.311, p?=?0.012), as well as to the level of MYO (r?=??0.295. p?=?0.018). Conclusions: The granulocytes and monocytes in peripheral blood were activated in patients of acute exacerbation in COPD. CD33 on granulocytes had the potential to inhibit inflammation and prevent tissue damage.     

An evaluation of CD39 as a novel immunoregulatory mechanism invoked by COPD

Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are characterized by increased pulmonary and systemic inflammation and commonly caused by bacterial and/or viral infection. Little is known about the T-cell dysregulation in AECOPD that promotes these outcomes. CD39 is an ectonucleotidase able to hydrolyse adenosine triphosphate to create adenosine that may inhibit T-cell responses in patients with AECOPD. Here T-cell expression of CD39 measured by flow cytometry was higher in AECOPD patients than stable COPD patients or healthy controls. Higher expression of CD39 was associated with higher levels of plasma soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor but lower interferon-γ (IFNγ) levels in supernatants from staphylococcal enterotoxin-B stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This links increased expression of CD39 with systemic inflammation and impaired T-cell responses (e.g. IFNγ). The blockade of CD39 pathways may be a novel approach to the control of AECOPD, reducing the dependency on antibiotics.