经阴手术治疗女性盆腔器官脱垂合并隐匿性压力性尿失禁临床分析

目的:探讨盆底重建术联合尿道中段悬吊术治疗膀胱脱垂合并隐匿性压力性尿失禁的临床疗效及安全性分析。方法:回顾分析我院收治的21例盆腔器官脱垂合并隐匿性压力性尿失禁行经阴道前盆重建术+经阴道无张力尿道中段悬吊(TVT-O)术患者,盆腔器官脱垂量化分期法(POP-Q)分期为Ⅲ～Ⅳ期。记录患者一般临床资料和围手术期手术资料,门诊定期随访,分析测量患者术前及术后最大尿流率及残余尿的变化,评价手术治愈率和并发症发生情况。结果:所有患者手术均顺利完成,平均手术时间65 (45～130)min;术中平均出血量40(30～100) mL;术后导尿时间为4～5 d;平均住院7(5～9) d;拔除尿管后均排尿通畅,无一例尿失禁的患者。出院前测评POP-Q分期均降低为0～Ⅰ期。术后随访时间为3～30个月,无一例补片及尿道悬吊带裸漏或感染;无一例阴道感染及尿路感染等;1例患者有腹股沟不适感;1例患者术后1个月出现排尿困难症状,给予尿道扩张后症状消失。所有患者术后复查尿动力较术前均明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:盆腔器官脱垂患者常合并隐匿性压力性尿失禁,手术治疗时应注意。经阴道前盆重建术+TVT-O术是治疗老年女性膀胱脱垂合并隐匿性压力性尿失禁的有效方法,安全性高。     

河北保定铁路女职工压力性尿失禁及盆腔脏器脱垂情况的研究

目的:调查保定铁路女职工压力性尿失禁及盆腔脏器脱垂情况。方法:采用整群抽样的方法对保定铁路女职工进行问卷调查、1h尿垫试验及妇科检查(POP-Q分期法)。结果:尿失禁(UI)患病率为34.62%,压力性尿失禁(SUI)患病率为21.64%,轻度48.97%,中度31.08%;重度19.93%。盆腔器官脱垂(POP)患病率为44.23%:0期55.77%,I期23.08%,II期11.06%,III期7.69%,IV期2.40%。χ2检验表明:SUI的分度与POP分期二者之间有相关性(P<0.05),POP分期越高SUI程度越重。结论:保定铁路女职工SUI及POP患病率均较高且SUI的分度与POP分期之间存在相关性。     

女性压力性尿失禁的微创手术治疗

压力性尿失禁（stress urinary incontinence,SUI）是中老年女、性的常见疾病,其发病率在10～90岁的女性中约为34％,大于65岁的女性约为51％。尿失禁不;仅影响患者的日常生活,而且影？响其心理健康,主要表现为社会活动减少和生活质量下降。一般尿失禁症状较轻且为初次接受治疗的患者可先采用盆底肌训练、药物治疗、神经电刺激等保守治疗,但对于症状较重且保守治疗无效者需行手术干预。迄今为止,已报道有150多种治疗SUI的手术方法,根据SUI不同类型,可选用阴道前壁修补术、耻骨上膀胱尿道悬吊术、筋膜悬吊术和经腹膀胱颈悬吊术等。虽然上述手术均可使大多数患者达到治愈或缓解,但创伤较大,操作相对复杂,易出现手术并发症,而且很多患者远期疗效不甚理想。近年来,女性SUI的诊断和治疗有了许多新的发展,其中,微创技术的应用为更多患者接受手术治疗创造了有利条件。     

640层CT动态评估压力性尿失禁及盆腔脏器脱垂的研究

目的:女性压力性尿失禁(FSUI)和盆腔脏器脱垂(POP)是中老年女性常见的问题,本研究为了探讨640层螺旋CT(640-MSCT)诊断FSUI和POP的可能性。方法:本研究招募了62例FSUI患者(SUI组)、96例POP患者(POP组)和50例健康女性志愿者(对照组)进行640-MSCT骨盆扫描。所有志愿者和患者在排尿前、排尿时和排尿后进行扫描,然后用640-MSCT扫描图像重建3D和4D图像,由2名放射科医师进行复查。通过观察这些图像,我们测量并比较了每个时期的耻骨尾骨线(PCL)、H线、M线、PCL到膀胱颈(PCL-BN)、PCL到宫颈(PCL-c)、尿道倾斜角(UIA)和膀胱尿道后角(PUVA)。结果:本研究比较了志愿者和患者(SUI患者和POP患者)的结果。实验组和对照组中的生育状况和BMI比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结果表明,各组H线、M线排尿前、排尿及排尿后比较差异均有统计学(P0.01,P0.05)。各组排尿时PCL-BN和PCL-C均降低。SUI组和POP组中部分受试者排尿前PCL-BN在PCL线以下,排尿时更加明显。排尿时,POP组中PCL-C明显下降。对照组的UIA和PUVA对比SUI组和POP组在排尿时差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用640-MSCT的3D和4D CT图像进行SUI和POP诊断是一种敏感且具体可行的方法。     

手术治疗女性压力性尿失禁及盆底器官脱垂对患者生活质量的影响

目的：研究手术治疗女性压力性尿失禁（SUI）及盆底器官脱垂（POP）对健康相关生活质量的影响。方法：选择自2001年1月~2007年1月接受TVT、经闭孔无张力吊带术（TVT-O）、前路植入网带及整体植入网带的患者共142例．109例人选并同意参加本研究。采用改良PFDI-20量表评估术前3个月、术后6～12个月及术后12个月以后患者生活质量,采用方差分析对不同性功能变化情况的PFDI-20评分进行比较。结果：PFDI-20总分及POP评分术后较术前显著降低（P〈0．0167）,但术后12个月以后与术后6～12个月相比差异元统计学意义（P〉0．0167）。术后6～12个月时肛直肠症状评分较术前降低,但差异无统计学意义（P;0．0169）。术后12个月以后以术前及术后6～12个月相比均显著改善（P〈0．01671。术后6～12个月及术后12个月以后泌尿系症状较术前显著降低（P〈0．0167）,并且12个月以后较术后6～12个月亦显著改善（P=0．003）．61例术前术后均有性生活。术后6～12个月,20例（37．0％〉术后性功能受损,11例（20．4％）改善．23例（42．6％）无变化;术后12个月以后,21例（34．4％）术后性功能受损,12例（19．7％）改善,28例（45．9％）无变化;术后12个月以后性功能与术后6～12个月相比,无进一步变化;未发现生活质量与性功能之间存在关系。105例（96．3％）患者对手术疗效满意。结论：TVT、TVT-O及经阴道网带治疗SUI及POP疗效显著,术后患者生活质量显著提高。     

女性压力性尿失禁发病机制和外科治疗

一、概述女性压力性尿失禁（ＳＵＩ）是常见病，症状严重与否都不直接威胁生命，但严重影响患者生活质量［１］。近年在发病机制、诊断和手术治疗的远期疗效方面有不少新认识，对ＳＵＩ的治疗方法选择具有重要的临床意义。二、发病机制、分型和诊断正常尿道可以对抗任何腹...     

女性压力性尿失禁

女性压力性尿失禁的诊疗效果一直不够理想，本文综述了这方面的进展，认为注意尿道内括约肌功能的诊断，并针对不同的病因选择不同治疗方法。     

压力性尿失禁手术治疗中悬吊张力的判断

悬吊线的张力大小是女性压力尿失禁手术成败的关键因素之一。本文将近年来关于悬吊线张力程度的观点以及判断其张力大小的方法进行综述。     

关于女性压力性尿失禁手术治疗的研究

本文主要介绍了阴道前壁修补术、MMK术、Burch术、Pereyra术、Stamey术、Muzsnal术、Gittes术、耻骨阴道吊带术、TVT术、TVT-O术、尿道周围注射法及人工尿道括约肌植人术的原理、适应症、疗效及并发症等,并进行对比利弊、探讨、概述等。     

女性压力性尿失禁的外科治疗进展

女性压力性尿失禁的治疗包括注射法、吊带法等，现在注射法、TVT等的适应证已经扩展到各型患者，并且短期效果良好。存在的问题是这些方法的远期疗效尚待评价，进一步改善疗效、减小创伤的外科治疗方法有待研究和开发。     

Lifetime risk of surgical management for pelvic organ prolapse or urinary incontinence

The objective of our study was to estimate the age-specific incidence and lifetime risk of surgically managed pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI). Women aged 20 and older who underwent primary surgical management of POP or UI in 1993 were identified from the database of a health maintenance organization using ICD-9 codes and confirmed through chart abstraction. From a population of 147,719 women, 135 were identified who underwent prolapse surgery only, 82 incontinence only, and 34 surgery for both conditions. From the age-specific incidence, we estimated the lifetime risk of undergoing an operation by age 80 to be 11.8%. Our findings agree with a previous estimate that ∼11% of women will undergo surgery for POP or UI by age 80. POP and UI appear to be common problems, undoubtedly affecting an even larger proportion of the women than suggested by this high cumulative incidence of surgery.     

女性盆底器官脱垂伴尿失禁患者的尿动力学特征

目的 探讨女性盆底器官脱垂伴尿失禁患者膀胱储尿期和排尿期的尿动力学参数变化. 方法对182例女性尿失禁和盆底器官脱垂患者进行尿动力学检查,其中尿失禁140例,尿失禁伴盆底器官脱垂42例.在统一标准下行尿动力学检查测定膀胱灌注量、排尿量、膀胱顺应性、最大尿流率、最大尿流率逼尿肌压、最小尿流率逼尿肌压、尿道阻力因子(URA)、膀胱梗阻指数(OBI)以及归-化逼尿肌收缩力,评价女性尿失禁患者盆底器官脱垂对膀胱储尿功能和排尿功能的影响. 结果 尿失禁组与尿失禁伴盆底器官脱垂组患者尿失禁病程[(58.1±75.4)与(41.9±55.4)个月]、膀胱灌注量[(295.3±95.8)与(276.5±80.8)ml]、膀胱顺应性[(77.7±122.1)与(51.5±61.9)ml/cm H2O]、最大尿流率[(15.8±12.5)与(14.7±13.9)ml/s]、最小尿流率逼尿肌压[(3.2±5.8)与(2.8±5.5)ml/cm H2O]、归-化逼尿肌收缩力[(7.5±12.8)与(8.2±13.8)cm H2O]相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而年龄[(58.7±12.2)与(67.1±8.3)岁]、排尿量[(269.2±145.2)与(248.9±135.1)ml]、最大尿流率逼尿肌压[(20.4±16.2)与(25.7±21.3)cm H2O]、URA[(11.3±9.5与(14.8±12.6)cm H2O]、OBI[(15.6±14.5)与(21.7±20.1)cm H2O]2组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论高龄女性尿失禁患者更可能伴有盆底器官脱垂,而盆底器官脱垂对膀胱储尿功能无影响,但可影响排尿期相关参数,增加膀胱出口阻力和膀胱残余尿量.     

The impact of pelvic organ prolapse on sexual function in women with urinary incontinence

The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) on sexual function in women with urinary incontinence (UI). In this retrospective, case-cohort study, we reviewed the medical records of all women evaluated for UI between March and November 2003. All patients completed the short forms of the Urogenital Distress Inventory, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire. Women with stage two or greater POP, as determined by the pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ) system, were compared to women with stage 0 or 1 POP. Sixty-nine women with POP and 47 women without POP were included. Patient demographics did not differ between the two groups. Women with POP were significantly more likely to report absence of libido (53% versus 30%, P=0.02), lack of sexual excitement during intercourse (46% versus 27%, P=0.05), and that they rarely experienced orgasm during intercourse (49% versus 30%, P=0.05). In conclusion, women with POP in addition to UI are more likely to report decreased libido, decreased sexual excitement, and difficulty achieving orgasm during intercourse when compared to women with UI alone.     

Stamey与TVT手术治疗女性压力性尿失禁的疗效比较

目的评价Stamey膀胱颈悬吊术和无张力阴道吊带术（TVT）治疗女性压力性尿失禁的疗效.方法总结2种方法治疗49例女性压力性尿失禁的临床资料.Stamey组26例,平均年龄57岁.尿失禁Ⅰ度3例,Ⅱ度15例,Ⅲ度8例.TVT组23例,平均年龄58岁.尿失禁Ⅰ度2例,Ⅱ度13例,Ⅲ度8例.对2组术中记录,术后控尿、合并症以及复发情况进行比较.结果 Stamey和TVT组平均手术时间分别为43 min和27 min.术中膀胱穿孔发生率为19%（5/26）和4%（1/23）.拔尿管后无尿失禁者分别为92%（24/26）和96%（22/23）;尿潴留发生率为8%（2/26）和0%.术后6个月,无尿失禁者分别为89%（23/26）和100%（23/23）.合并耻骨上区疼痛者分别为58%（15/26）和9%（2/23）;排尿不畅或剩余尿＞50 ml者分别为15%（4/26）和9%（2/23）;尿频尿急发生率分别为54%（14/26）和17%（4/23）.结论 2种方法治疗女性压力性尿失禁初期疗效均较好,但TVT法术后指标优于Stamey法.     

Stamey膀胱颈悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁远期疗效观察

目的　评价Stamey膀胱颈悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁的远期疗效。　方法　 5 2例接受Stamey手术患者 ,平均年龄 46岁 ,平均尿失禁 7.5年 ,Ⅰ°尿失禁 18例、Ⅱ°2 1例、Ⅲ°13例。　结果　 1994年以前手术 3 2例因并发症失败 3例 ,随访 3 .6年时治愈率 87.5 %、改善率 6.2 %、失败率 6.2 % ,随访 9.6年时治愈率 68.8%、改善率 9.3 %、失败率 2 1.9% ;1994年以后手术 2 0例随访 4.3年 ,治愈率 90 .0 %、改善率 10 .0 % ,无失败病例。　结论　Stamey手术治疗压力性尿失禁疗效随时间延长而下降 ,术前准确区分尿失禁类型和发病机制、降低并发症是提高疗效的关键     

膀胱颈和盆底肌联合悬吊术治疗儿童神经源性尿失禁

目的　评价膀胱颈和盆底肌联合悬吊术治疗括约肌功能不全所致儿童神经源性尿失禁的临床效果。　方法　先天性脊髓发育不良所致神经源性尿失禁患儿 2 3例 ,年龄 5～ 1 4岁 ,均行锥状肌膀胱颈悬吊和髂腰肌盆底悬吊术 ,1 4例同时行双层回肠浆肌层膀胱扩大术。　结果　 2 3例术后随访 5～ 32个月 ,平均 1 8个月 ,控尿满意 (昼夜均能保持 3h以上完全干燥 ) 1 3例 ,好转 (部分控尿 ,白天偶有尿失禁或夜间尿床 ) 7例 ,无效 (症状无改善 ) 3例 ,总有效率为 87%。术前最大膀胱容量 (1 51 .5± 72 .8)ml、漏点压 (32 .3± 6 .5)cmH2 O(1cmH2 O =0 .0 98kPa)、最大尿道压 (38.4± 1 3 .7)cmH2 O、最大关闭压 (2 2 .8± 1 3 .2 )cmH2 O、功能尿道长度 (3 .9± 1 .8)cm ;术后分别为 (2 1 1 .6± 63 .3)ml、(49.8± 1 6 .4)cmH2 O、(50 .8± 1 2 .3)cmH2 O、(32 .9± 1 2 .5)cmH2 O、(5 .6± 2 .0 )cm ,均较术前明显增高 (P<0 .0 1 )。膀胱造影显示膀胱颈漏斗状开放下垂状态得到明显改善。　结论　膀胱颈和盆底肌联合悬吊术可增加尿道静息压和动力压 ,改善盆底肌功能 ,提高控尿能力 ,是治疗儿童膀胱出口阻力较低所致神经源性尿失禁的较好方法之一     

Bacteriological analysis of meshes removed for complications after surgical management of urinary incontinence or pelvic organ prolapse

The aim of this study is to examine the role of bacterial infection in complications following surgical management of urinary incontinence and genital prolapse using meshes. There were sixteen prostheses removed. Eight were monofilament polypropylene-knitted meshes, one was a silicone-coated polypropylene mesh, another was a collagen-coated polypropylene mesh, four were silicone-coated polyester meshes and two were polyester meshes. The most frequent cause for removal was symptomatic vaginal erosion (62%). Cultures were performed under aerobic, anaerobic and enrichment conditions. Infection was multimicrobial for 31% of meshes. When only one bacteria was found, it was Proteus mirabilis in 25% of cases. Forty-three per cent of bacterial quantifications were under 10³ colony-forming units per millilitre. Bacterial contamination was found in all meshes, quantification was often low, and therefore, its exact role is not yet clear.     

Making sense of urodynamic studies for women with urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse: a urogynecology perspective

The support for routine urodynamic testing in the management of women with urinary incontinence or pelvic organ prolapse is eroding. The reasons for this change largely reflect the growing evidence that urodynamic testing in this context renders little additional information over basic office assessment. The clinical features of urodynamic testing and its diagnostic and prognostic precision and accuracy are all problematic. As our understanding of female lower urinary tract dysfunction improves, the inadequacy of urodynamic testing to meaningfully improve patient and clinician decision making has become more apparent.