辛伐他汀改善急性心肌梗死后心室重塑与心功能的实验研究

目的:观察辛伐他汀对急性心肌梗死后大鼠心室重塑及心功能的影响,并探讨其可能的机制.方法:结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支造成心肌梗死模型,给予辛伐他汀干预.8周后,测定心脏重量指数、血流动力学指标、心肌及血液中总-氧化氮合酶(NOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性,并与假手术组比较.结果:心肌梗死组大鼠右室重量指数(RVWI)、左室重量指数(LVWI)升高(P<0.01),外周动脉压(APS)、舒张压(APD)均降低,心率增快(P<0.01).左室收缩压(LVSP)和心室收缩期室内压上升速率( dp/dtmax),心室舒张期室内压下降速率(-dp/dtmax)下降(P<0.01),左室舒张末压(LVEDP)升高(P<0.01).血清和心肌NOS、iNOS活性下降(P<0.01).辛伐他汀干预组较心肌梗死组(M组)RVWI、LVWI下降(P<0.01),APS、APD、LVSP、 dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax均回升(P<0.01),LVEDP回落(P＜0.01);血清和心肌NOS、iNOS活性升高.结论:辛伐他汀减轻左室重塑,改善心功能.     

辛伐他汀抑制急性心肌梗死后心肌氧化损伤的实验研究

目的观察辛伐他汀抑制急性心肌梗死后心肌氧化损伤的作用,并探讨其可能的机制.方法结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支造成心肌梗死模型,给予辛伐他汀干预. 8周后,测定血流动力学指标、心肌及血液中总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、铜锌-超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)活性;血液过氧化氢(H2O2)含量,并与假手术组比较. 结果心肌梗死组(M组)大鼠外周动脉压(APS)、舒张压(APD)均降低,心率增快(P<0.01).LVSP和 dp/dtmax,-dp/dtmax下降(P<0.01), LVEDP升高(P<0.01);心肌、血液中SOD及CuZn-SOD活性下降,H2O2含量升高(P<0.01).辛伐他汀干预组较M组APS、APD、LVSP、 dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax均回升(P<0.01),LVEDP回落(P<0.01);血清和心肌SOD及CuZn-SOD活性升高,H2O2含量下降.结论辛伐他汀改善急性心肌梗死后心功能,可能与其提高SOD活性抗氧化损伤有关.     

HGF抑制急性心肌梗死后心肌氧化损伤的实验研究

目的 观察肝细胞生长因子(HGF)抑制急性心肌梗死后心肌氧化损伤的作用,并探讨其可能的机制.方法 结扎犬冠状动脉前降支制造心肌梗死模型,给予心肌内注射HGF裸质粒干预.4周后,测定HGF在心肌的表达,测量心脏质量指数、心肌及血液中总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、铜锌-超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)活性,血液过氧化氢(H2O2)含量,并与假手术组比较.结果 心肌梗死组(M组)大鼠右室心脏质量指数(RVWI)、左室心脏质量指数(LVWI)升高(P<0.01),心肌、血液中SOD及CuZn-SOD活性下降,H2O2含量升高(P<0.01).HGF组较M组RVWI、LVWI下降(P<0.01),血清和心肌SOD及CuZn-SOD活性升高,H2O2含量下降.结论 HGF改善急性心肌梗死后心室重塑和心功能,可能与其提高SOD活性抗氧化损伤有关.     

苯那普利及厄贝沙坦对心衰大鼠心脏指数及血流动力学的影响

目的:探讨苯那普利、厄贝沙坦及两者联合用药对心衰大鼠心脏指数及血流动力学的影响。方法:采用缩窄大鼠腹主动脉造成压力负荷性心肌肥厚致心力衰竭的大鼠模型。随机分为5组:假手术组、模型组、苯那普利组、厄贝沙坦组及联合用药组,连续给药8周,检测心脏指数(HMI、LVMI)及血流动力学参数:LVSP,LVEDP,dp/dtmax,-dp/dtmax;放免法检测血浆和心肌AngⅡ的含量。结果:模型组HMI、LVMI均显著升高(P<0.01),各治疗组显著下降(P<0.01),联合组较单用明显(P<0.05);与模型组相比,苯那普利组及联合用药组AngⅡ的含量显著降低(P<0.01),而厄贝沙坦组AngⅡ含量增高;与假手术组相比,模型组LVEDP显著升高(P<0.01),各治疗组均有不同程度的下降(P<0.01),且联合用药组较单用组明显(P<0.05);模型组LVSP、dp/dtmax明显下降(P<0.01),治疗后,各组有不同程度上升(P<0.01)。结论:联合应用苯那普利和厄贝沙坦对改善心衰大鼠心脏指数及血流动力学具有协同作用。     

龙血竭对急性心肌梗死家兔左心功能的保护研究

目的探讨龙血竭对急性心肌梗死家兔左心功能的保护作用。方法将30只家兔随机分为三组,假手术组、心肌梗死组、龙血竭干预组,每组10只。采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎法,建立急性心肌梗死模型。观察HE染色的心肌组织结构变化,测量心率、左心室收缩末压(LVSP)、左心室舒张末压(LVEDP)、左心室内压最大上升速率(+dp/dtmax)、左心室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax)。结果龙血竭干预组心肌组织结构明显好于心肌梗死组;心肌梗死组和龙血竭干预组其心率较假手术组明显减慢,龙血竭干预组心率减慢更明显(P<0.05或0.01)。心肌梗死组、龙血竭干预组与假手术组比较,其LVSP均明显下降、LVEDP均明显升高,而心肌梗死组与龙血竭干预组比较,其LVSP下降更明显、LVEDP升高更明显(P<0.05或0.01)。心肌梗死组和龙血竭干预组其+dp/dtmax和-dp/dtmax均较假手术组明显下降,且心肌梗死组较龙血竭干预组下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论龙血竭对急性心肌梗死家兔左心功能具有较好的保护作用。     

氯沙坦干预对急性心梗大鼠PKC-ERK1/ERK2及心室重塑的影响

目的:研究氯沙坦(Losanan)干预对急性心梗(Acute myocardial infarction,AMI)大鼠左室非梗死区(Left ventficular non-infaretion zone,LVNIZ)蛋白激酶C(Protein kinase C,PKC)、ERK1/ERK2、p-ERK1/ERK2及心室重塑(Left ventricular remodeling,LVRM)的影响.方法:36只雄性Wistar心肌梗死大鼠随机分为:AMI组(n=30)(按照术后1、3、7、14、28 d5个时间点分为5组)及Losartan组(n=6)(灌胃给药,20 mg/(kg·d),持续4周);另设Sham 7 d组(n=6)作为空白对照.多导生物信号分析系统检测左室舒张末压(Left ventricalar end-1diastolic pressure,LVEDP);心脏取出后测定左室重量指数(Left ventricular weight index,LVWI);放射免疫法测定血浆及非梗死区心肌组织血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)水平;Western-blot检测PKC、ERK1/ERK2、p-ERK1/ERK2的表达.结果:AMI-28d组LVEDP、LVWI及LVNIZ AngⅡ水平显著升高(P<0.0与Sham相比较);大鼠心肌梗死24 hA非梗死区PKC、ERKl/ERK2、p-ERK1/ERK2的表达均增强,4周后达到高峰(P<0.01与Sham相比较);直线相关分析显示,AMI-28d后非梗死区PKC与AngⅡ正相关(P<0.05).p-ERK1与PKC、LVEDP、LVWI呈显著正相关(P<0.01).与AMI-28 d组相比,Losartan组LVRM明显减轻,PKC、ERK1/ERK2、p-ERK1/ERK2的表达显著降低(P<0.01).结论:心肌梗死后心脏局部组织AngⅡ可激活PKC-ERK1/ERK2信号通路,Losartan改善LVRM的机制可能为Losartan阻断了AngⅡ的有害作用,进而阻断了PKC-ERK1/ERK2信号通路介导的心室重塑.     

苦参碱对急性心肌缺血大鼠血流动力学的影响

目的研究苦参碱对急性心肌缺血大鼠血流动力学的影响。方法将SD大鼠随机分为8组:正常对照组,假手术组,模型组,丹参组,硝酸甘油组,苦参碱2.5、5、10mg/kg剂量组。应用左冠状动脉前降支(LAD)结扎法制备大鼠急性心肌缺血模型,记录结扎前、结扎后5、15、30和60min大鼠左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室终末舒张压(LVEDP)、左心室内压最大上升速率( dp/dtmax)和左心室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax)等指标。结果与对照组和假手术组比较,左冠状动脉前降支结扎后5、15、30,60min,模型组大鼠LVSP、 dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),LVEDP明显升高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,左冠状动脉前降支结扎后5、15、30、60min,静脉注射苦参碱2.5、5和10mg/kg均可使大鼠LVSP、 dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),LVEDP明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。此作用在左冠状动脉前降支结扎后15、30min最明显,且随着药物剂量增加,药物作用时间延长。结论静脉注射苦参碱可改善急性心肌缺血大鼠的心功能。     

辛伐他汀抑制大鼠急性心肌梗死后炎症因子的实验研究

目的:在大鼠结扎前降支致心肌梗死的模型上观察辛伐他汀抑制心肌梗死后炎症因子的作用,探讨辛伐他汀改善心室重塑和心功能的机制。方法:结扎大鼠冠状动脉前降支造成心肌梗死模型,给予辛伐他汀干预;8周后,测定心脏重量指数、心肌梗死区与非梗死区心肌羟脯氨酸含量和胶原含量、检测不同分组大鼠心肌组织中TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10水平差异,并与假手术组比较。结果:心肌梗死组(M组)大鼠右室重量指数[RVWI右室心脏重量指数=右室心脏重量(mg)/体重(g)]为0.803±0.010、左室重量指数[LVWI左室心脏重量指数=左室心脏重(mg)量/体重(g)]为3.26±0.05,较假手术组(S组)升高(p<0.01)。心肌梗死组(M组)心肌组织中羟脯氨酸、胶原含量(mg/g)、TNF-α和IL-6(pg/ml)表达升高(分别为5.528±0.59、40.58±4.31、20.83±5.79、109.88±22.68)(p<0.01),IL-10(pg/ml)表达降低(25.17±5.52)(p<0.05)。辛伐他汀干预组较M组RVWI、LVWI(mg/g)下降(0.690±0.011、2.42±0.04)(p<0.01),心肌中羟脯氨酸、胶原含量(mg/g)及TNF-α、IL-6(pg/ml)表达下降(分别为3.40±0.78、24.95±5.74、21.15±6.01、156.48±32.82)(p<0.01),IL-10(pg/ml)表达升高(24.88±5.44)(p<0.01)。结论:辛伐他汀可减少急性心肌梗死后有害炎症因子表达,并抑制胶原形成及心肌纤维化,可能与其改善心室重塑和心功能有明显关系。     

阿托伐他汀预处理对异丙肾上腺素诱导急性心肌损伤大鼠TNF-α和sTNFR的影响

目的 探讨阿托伐他汀预处理对异丙肾上腺素(ISO)诱导急性心肌损伤大鼠肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体(sTNFR)浓度的影响.方法 将32只普通级Sprague-Dawley雌性大鼠随机分为空白对照组(对照组,8只)、异丙肾上腺素组(ISO组,12只)和阿托伐他汀预处理组(预处理组,12只).对照组和ISO组给予0.5 mL/100 g生理盐水灌胃,每日1次,间隔24 h;预处理组给予阿托伐他汀钙30 mg/kg(生理盐水溶解)灌胃,每日1次,间隔24 h.3 d后,ISO组和预处理组均给予ISO 300 mg/kg皮下注射复制大鼠急性心肌损伤模型,对照组皮下注射等量的生理盐水0.3 mL/100 g.72 h后每组随机抽取8只测定血流动力学指标:心率(HR)、平均动脉压(mABP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张末期压(LVEDP)、左心室收缩压最大上升速率(+dp/dtmax)、左心室舒张压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax),测定血浆中TNF-a、sTNFR的浓度,测量体质量(BW)后处死,同时测量左心室重量(LVW)、左室重量指数(LVWI),HE染色行心肌组织病理检查.结果 ISO组TNF-α及sTNFR浓度、HR、LVEDP高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),ISO组-dp/dtmax、BW低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).预处理组TNF-α及sTNFR浓度、HR、LVEDP低于ISO组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),预处理组-dp/dtmax、BW高于ISO组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但与对照组比较差异无统计学意义.mABP、LVSP、+dp/dtmax、LVW及LVWI在3组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).心肌组织病理标本显示ISO组心肌组织坏死灶呈片状分布,心肌纤维排列紊乱,肌浆肿胀,胞核聚积、溶解.预处理组心肌组织与对照组接近.结论 ISO诱导急性心肌损伤可升高TNF-α及sTNFR的浓度,影响HR、LVEDP及-dp/dtmax,损伤心肌细胞.阿托伐他汀预处理可有效抑制ISO诱导急性心肌损伤大鼠TNF-α及sTNFR浓度的升高,稳定血流动力学,保护心肌细胞.ISO诱导急性心肌损伤大鼠在72 h内对LVW、LVWI影响不大.     

淫羊藿总黄酮对慢性心力衰竭大鼠肿瘤坏死因子-α、一氧化氮、环磷酸鸟苷通路的影响

目的:观察淫羊藿总黄酮(TFE)对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)大鼠左心室重量指数(LVWI)及血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、左心室心肌一氧化氮(NO)、左心室心肌环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)改变的影响.方法:用异丙基肾上腺素(ISO) (170mg/kg)对SD大鼠皮下注射2次,6周后依据超声心动图检测左心室短轴缩短率(FS)<45%确定CHF造模成功,按照FS顺序将48只大鼠随机分为4组:TFE低剂量组(TFE-L)、TFE中剂量组(TFE-M)、TFE高剂量组(TFE-H)、CHF组.空白对照(CON)组10只. 结果:与CON组相比,CHF组大鼠出现心率(HR)、左心室舒张末压力(LVEDP)、大鼠LVWI显著升高(P<0.01),左心室内压峰值(LVSP)和左心室压力上升/下降最大速率(±dp/dtmax)明显降低(P<0.01),血浆TNF-α及左心室心肌NO浓度显著增高(P<0.01),左心室心肌cGMP浓度显著降低(P<0.01).与CHF组相比,TFE各剂量组LVEDP和TNF-α显著降低(P<0.01),左心室±dp/dtmax 显著增加(P<0.01);TFE-H组HR降低(P<0.01)、LVSP升高(P<0.05),左心室心肌cGMP浓度明显增高(P<0.01) ,LVWI明显减低(P<0.01);TFE-M、TFE-H组左心室心肌NO明显降低(P<0.01).结论:TFE具有减轻CHF大鼠左心室重塑的作用,能改善大鼠的心功能,其机制与降低TNF-α、NO、升高左心室心肌cGMP浓度有关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.