Efficacy of core vitrectomy preceding triple corneal procedure

AIMS: To evaluate the effectiveness of core vitrectomy preceding triple corneal procedure (penetrating keratoplasty, extracapsular cataract extraction, and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation). METHODS: Thirty one consecutive eyes of 31 patients with indication for triple corneal procedure were randomly assigned to either triple procedure with core vitrectomy (vitrectomy group) or without vitrectomy (control group). The success rate of IOL implantation, IOL positioning, intraoperative and postoperative complications, endothelial cell loss, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were compared. Follow up period was six months. Factors that may contribute to vitreous pressure elevation were also investigated in each case. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in each clinical parameter examined except a tendency of facilitating IOL implantation (p = 0.11). There were two cases of vitreous loss in the control group. Retinal detachment was not seen in any of the cases. The body mass index and age were related to higher vitreous pressure (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Core vitrectomy preceding triple corneal procedure is not necessary for all cases.     

Lamellar corneal dissection for visualization of the anterior chamber before triple procedure

PURPOSE: Open-sky cataract extraction during triple procedure can be associated with higher risk of complications owing to the missing counterbalance by the cornea. Herein, we present a fast and easy technique for visualization of the anterior chamber and the lens in eyes with opaque corneas planed for triple procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four patients with corneal oedema due to Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy and cataract underwent triple procedure. As the anterior chamber view was limited, the central 7.0 mm of the cornea was marked. Then, 60-80% of the corneal thickness was removed by lamellar dissection and filled with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. Continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) and phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation through a corneoscleral tunnel were then performed and at the end the remaining corneal tissue was excised and the donor tissue fixed with a single running continuous suture. RESULTS: Lamellar corneal dissection enhances the anterior chamber view and CCC can be performed under stable anterior chamber condition. Phacoemulsification via sclerocorneal tunnel could be easily performed under good anterior chamber view in all cases. The operation time was 60-75 min in all cases. CONCLUSION: Lamellar corneal dissection in opaque corneas before cataract extraction is a useful technique for enhancing anterior chamber view in cases of triple procedure.     

玻璃体切割术后早期高眼压的相关危险因素分析

目的：探讨玻璃体切割术后早期高眼压的相关危险因素。

方法：选取2016-06/2018-12在我院行玻璃体切割术的患者进行回顾性分析,记录患者一般资料、手术前后眼压及手术相关资料,进行单因素及Logistic多因素回归分析玻璃体切割术后早期高眼压的危险因素。

结果：患者159眼中49眼发生术后早期高眼压,发生率为30.8%。性别及年龄对玻璃体切割术后早期高眼压的发生无显著影响(P=0.699、0.416)。玻璃体切割术后早期高眼压与硅油填充、联合白内障手术、全视网膜激光光凝及术后玻璃体出血密切相关,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,硅油填充、联合白内障手术、全视网膜光凝及术后玻璃体出血是影响术后早期高眼压发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。

结论：玻璃体切割术后早期高眼压是多因素共同作用的结果,与硅油填充、联合白内障手术、全视网膜光凝及术后玻璃体出血密切相关。     

Glaucoma triple procedure of extracapsular cataract extraction, posterior chamber lens implantation, and trabeculectomy.

Thirty-four consecutive glaucoma triple procedures with a minimum follow up of six months have been shown to be effective and safe. Satisfactory control of the glaucoma was achieved in each case, and 91% of eyes were returned to an acuity of 6/12 or better. 1% sodium hyaluronate was found to be beneficial by preventing scleral or corneal collapse during surgery and ensuring an even filtration postoperatively without hypotony.     

Pars plana vitrectomy in the management of dislocated posterior chamber lenses

We used pars plana vitrectomy techniques in the management of pseudophakia and a dislocated posterior chamber lens in 17 patients. In six patients, the implant was decentered with the optic axis still located in the visual axis. In nine patients, the implant was rotated inferiorly and posteriorly but with the haptic still adherent to the vitreous base. In two patients, the implant was dislocated into the vitreous cavity. Surgical repositioning of the implant was indicated in 12 (71%) patients because of retained lens material, vitritis, vitreous adhesion to the cataract wound, vitreous hemorrhage, or retinal detachment. Preoperatively, visual acuity ranged from 20/30 to hand motions. Postoperatively, visual acuity ranged from 20/20 to 20/400. In eight patients, visual acuity was improved to 20/25 or better.     

Phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens for high myopia

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy, predictability, stability, and safety of the surgical correction of high myopia using a phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens (PPC IOL). SETTING: Centro Oftalmológico de Valencia-CEOVAL, Valencia, Venezuela. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed to analyze 18 eyes of 12 patients who had implantation of a modified PPC IOL, the implantable contact lens (ICL), for the treatment of high myopia. The target postoperative spherical equivalent (SE) refraction was emmetropia. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 26.6 months +/- 11.3 (SD) (range 12 to 36 months). The mean preoperative SE was -15.27 +/- 3.47 diopters (D) (range -10.0 to -21.25 D) and the mean postoperative SE, -0.62 +/- 0.81 D (range -2.75 to +0.75 D). Eleven eyes (61.1%) had an SE within +/-1.00 D of emmetropia. The best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was maintained or improved in all except 1 eye, which lost more than 2 lines of Snellen visual acuity. Two eyes (11.1%) developed pupillary block the first day after surgery. Four eyes (22.2%) had moderate pigmentary dispersion. Two eyes (11.1%) had lens opacification, 1 with mild peripheral anterior capsule opacification and the other eye with central anterior subcapsular opacification. One eye (5.5%) had a significant decrease in anterior chamber depth after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of an ICL was effective for the correction of high myopia. Predictability must be improved and the long-term safety of the ICL determined. The main concerns over potential cataract formation, pigmentary dispersion, and angle-closure glaucoma remain.     

有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视效果观察

目的 评价有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视的安全性和有效性.方法 高度近视患者18例(34只眼)接受有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入,每只眼术前及术后进行眼部检查,包括:裸眼视力、矫正视力、睫状肌麻痹验光、角膜曲率、裂隙灯检查、眼压测量、角膜地形图、角膜厚度、角膜内皮细胞计数、UBM、B超、角膜水平直径散瞳眼底检查.手术在表面麻醉下进行,作透明角膜隧道式切口,可植入式接触镜(implantable contact lens,ICL)置于透明晶状体与虹膜之间,术中1点位作虹膜周切口.结果 34只眼术前裸眼视力和最好矫正视力分别为0.08±0.06,0.5±0.3;术后分别提高为0.5±0.2,0.7±0.2,术后裸眼和矫正视力均明显好于术前(P＜0.05).术前平均屈光度为(-19.9±5.4)D,术后1个月平均屈光度为(-1.5±1.5)D.术前角膜内皮细胞数(3249.6±337.1)/mm~2,术后1个月角膜内皮细胞为(3103.4±305.5)/mm~2丢失率为4.5%.术前平均眼压为(15.5±2.7)mmHg,术后第一天眼压为(19.4±7.3)mmHg,增高率25.2%.通过UBM观察术前前房深度(3.20±0.30)mm,而术后1月明显减少到(2.99±0.19)mm,两者相比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而以后随访中前房深度没有明显差异.结论 有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术对高度近视的治疗是一种有效的方法,具有矫正效果好、预测性好、可逆性和简单等优点,但要谨慎看待这种手术长期的安全性,更长时间的随访是必需的.     

Intraocular pressure and medication control after clear corneal phacoemulsification and AcrySof posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in patients with filtering blebs

PURPOSE: To determine whether clear corneal phacoemulsification and the implantation of a copolymer acrylic (AcrySof, Alcon, Fort Worth, TX) intraocular lens will maintain the intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of medications in patients with a previous filtering bleb. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 69 consecutive patients with previous trabeculectomy who had a copolymer acrylic intraocular lens implanted during cataract surgery between 1995 and 1999 by a single surgeon (A.C.S.C.). RESULTS: Mean IOP significantly decreased from 26.03 mm Hg (range, 14.5-70 mm Hg; n = 69) before trabeculectomy to 13.58 +/- 3.98 mm Hg (range, 5-24 mm Hg; n = 69) before the cataract extraction. After cataract extraction, the mean IOP increased significantly by 1.49 mm Hg (n = 67; P = 0.0013), by 1.85 mm Hg (n = 57; P = 0.0005), and by 1.01 mm Hg (n = 67; P = 0.042) after 6 months, after 1 year, and at the patient's last appointment, respectively. When patients whose pressures were purposely increased during cataract surgery were not included (n = 5), the mean increase at the last appointment was not significantly increased (0.54 mm Hg; n = 62; P = 0.25). The average number of antiglaucoma medications decreased from 2.93 (range, 1-5; n = 69) before trabeculectomy to 0.36 (range, 0-2; n = 69) before cataract surgery. This mean decreased to 0.34 (range, 0-2; n = 67; P = 0.8366) 6 months after cataract surgery and increased to 0.49 (range, 0-3; n = 57; P = 0.1029) and 0.62 (range, 0-3; n = 67; P = 0.0006) after 1 year and at the last appointment, respectively. Of the total study population, two (2.9%) patients required additional glaucoma surgery and 14 (20.3%) patients required additional antiglaucoma medications as compared with their precataract levels. CONCLUSIONS: Clear corneal phacoemulsification and the implantation of a copolymer acrylic (AcrySof, Alcon) posterior chamber intraocular lens statistically increased the number of medications and IOP of patients in our study. These increases, although statistically significant, did not cause a clinically significant deterioration in IOP control.     

Phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens for unilateral high myopic amblyopia in Chinese pediatric patients

AIM: To assess the outcomes of posterior chamber implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation in Chinese pediatric patients with unilateral high myopic amblyopia. METHODS: Eleven eyes of 11 amblyopic patients aged 11.02±3.34y underwent ICL (model V4, Staar Surgical Inc.) implantation to treat unilateral anisometropia were studied. Visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, contrast sensitivity, stereopsis, intraocular pressure (IOP), vaulting, corneal endothelial cell count and complications were evaluated. Patients completed follow-up at 3d, 1, 3mo and the last follow-up time (mean 8.18±2.82mo) after surgery. RESULTS: The mean myopic anisometropia was -13.70±3.25 D preoperatively and +0.69±2.63 D at 8mo postoperatively. The logMAR corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of the amblyopic eye was 1.51±0.72 preoperatively and 0.75±0.40 at 8mo postoperatively. The logMAR CDVA at 3d, 1, 3 and 8mo postoperatively improved by a mean of 0.64, 1.55, 1.82 and 2.64 lines and gained more than 2 lines accounted for 18%, 45%, 45%, 64%, respectively. The contrast sensitivity of 0.5, 1 and 2 cpd in amblyopic eyes was significantly increased after surgery. No patient had near stereopsis recovery. The vaulting at 3 and 8mo was significantly lower than that at 1mo postoperatively. No other intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed, except an acute pupillary block glaucoma happened in a patient at two weeks postoperatively. CONCLUSION: This short-term results indicate that ICL implantation can be a promising alternative therapy for high myopic anisometropic amblyopia in pediatric patients who have failed with conventional treatments and not suitable to corneal refraction surgery.     

改良四通路玻璃体切割在人工晶状体后脱位治疗中的应用

目的:报道改良四通路玻璃体切割术治疗1例后房型人工晶状体后脱位.方法:一位青年性白内障患者,双眼白内障术后均发生人工晶状体后脱位,其1眼应用改良四通路玻璃体切割技术将人工晶状体复位,另1眼应患者的要求而未行手术治疗.结果:术中和术后未发生任何并发症,患者术眼视力迅速回复,术后14 mo最佳矫正视力为0.5;而未行手术治疗的另1眼发生全视网膜脱离,仅残余手动视力.结论:改良四通路玻璃体切割术是治疗人工晶状体后脱位的一个好选择.     

FK506缓释系统前房植入抑制兔高危角膜移植术后的免疫排斥反应

目的探讨前房植入FK506药物缓释系统（DDS）对兔高危角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应的抑制作用和FK506房水药物浓度与免疫排斥反应的关系。方法107只新西兰白兔中随机数字法选取73只兔进行角膜新生血管化模型的制作,其中68只兔作为受体成功建立高危角膜移植动物模型,随机数字法分为对照组、空白DDS前房植入组、环孢素A（CsA）DDS前房植入组（含CsA 1mg）、0．1％FK506眼液滴眼组及FK506 DDS前房植入组（含FK5060．5mg）。角膜移植术后观察各组角膜植片排斥发生的时间,移植术后1周取各组实验兔眼房水和静脉血进行FK506药物浓度检测。0．1％FKS06眼液滴眼组和FKS06 DDS前房植入组在移植术后的不同时间点抽取实验兔眼房水和静脉血,进行FK506药物浓度的检测。观察各组兔移植术后4周和观察期结束时角膜植片的病理变化,同时应用原位杂交的方法检测各组角膜植片内白细胞介素2受体a（IL-2Bot）、单核细胞趋化蛋白1（MCP-1）、Fas及FasL mRNA的表达。结果FK506 DDS前房植入组角膜植片存活时间超过180d,明显优于其他各组（F=926．37,P=0．0000）,其房水和角膜组织中的FK506药物浓度明显高于FKS06眼液滴眼组（T=21．00,P=0．0022）。FKS06 DDS前房植入组在术后24周内均能在房水中检测出FK506。术后4周对照组和空白DDS前房植入组有大量的炎性细胞浸润,并有明显的IL．2Bet和MCP-1mRNA的表达,而CsADDS前房植入组、FK506眼液滴眼组及FK506 DDS植入组角膜未见明显的炎性细胞浸润,未见IL-2Pux和MCP-1mRNA的表达。各组均未见明显的Fas和FasL mRNA的表达。结论前房植入FK506 DDS可有效地抑制高危角膜移植术后免疫排斥反应的发生,房水中较高的FK506药物浓度是防治术后发生免疫排斥反应的重要因素。     

有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视的疗效

目的:分析有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术(ICL)对172治疗高度近视的临床疗效。方法:分析2007-09/2011-03行有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术患者35例70眼。术前常规检查视力、最佳矫正视力,进行各项重要检查后行有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果:术后视力0.5～1.0。术后并发症出现白内障1例,一过性眼压升高1例,分别占患者总数的2.9%。白内障行超声乳化手术后视力恢复到1.0,青光眼经治疗后得到控制,视力达到0.8。结论:有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视,特别是超高度近视(>-12.00D)效果确切。     

儿童玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼行人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术的临床观察

目的　评价玻璃体切割术后儿童无晶状体眼行人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术的有效性及安全性。方法　回顾分析２００５年至２０１５年在河北省眼科医院眼外伤科行玻璃体切割术后人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术４８眼（男２８眼,女２０眼）的术后并发症、眼压、人工晶状体位置,并比较手术前后视力、屈光状态。结果　术后出血８眼（１６．７％）,低眼压３眼（６．３％）,一过性高眼压及角膜水肿４眼（８．３％）,经保守治疗后均恢复,没有出现明显的人工晶状体倾斜和偏心以及人工晶状体襻缝线脱落。术后末次随访时视力较术前提高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。屈光度数预测值与术后３个月实际屈光度数无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。屈光度数预测值与实际屈光度数偏差:４０眼（８３．３％）＜１．５０Ｄ,６眼（１２．５％）１．５０～２．００Ｄ,２眼（４．２％）＞２．００Ｄ。结论　人工晶状体睫状沟缝线固定术对玻璃体切割术后的儿童无晶状体眼的治疗安全有效,但仍不能忽视其并发症的出现。     

Analysis of posterior donor corneal parameters 1 year after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) triple procedure

Background  

Although Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) was demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of endothelial corneal diseases, a variable hyperopic shift has been measured as a common occurrence postoperatively. The aim of this work was to investigate the variance in the corneal and refractive responses to DSAEK combined with phacoemulsification and implantation of intra-ocular lens (IOL), namely the DSAEK triple procedure.     

Phakic posterior chamber plate intraocular lenses for high myopia.

PURPOSE: Refractive correction of high myopia with phakic minus power intraocular lenses (IOLs) may give dramatic visual results. Various types of lenses developed for this purpose have not gained widespread use due to complications. Long-term results and complications of phakic posterior chamber lenses are yet unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term refractive results and complications of early design phakic posterior chamber lenses. METHODS: Thirty-four high myopic eyes implanted with phakic posterior chamber IOLs designed by Fyodorov were evaluated retrospectively. Follow-up time ranged from 36 to 62 months. Corneal endothelial cell counts were made at the central cornea preoperatively and in the sixth month in 18 eyes and in the twelfth month in 14 eyes. RESULTS: Preoperative refractions were between -7.75 and -21.00 D; refractions at the end of the follow-up period were between -5.75 and +3.00 D. Sixty-three percent of eyes were in the +/-2.00-D range. Endothelial cell loss was 9% at 6 months and 10.22% at 12 month. The difference in endothelial cell counts at 6 and 12 months was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Early design phakic posterior chamber IOLs implanted in this study were developed by Fyodorov and are not used currently. These IOLs provided a stable and reversible refractive correction without leading to cataract formation. Endothelial loss was limited to surgical trauma. Moderate predictability of refractive correction and frequent decentrations with these lenses were linked to the early design of these IOLs.