全氟丙烷人血白蛋白微球注射剂中全氟丙烷气体含量测定

目的建立一种新型的测定全氟丙烷人血白蛋白微球注射剂中全氟丙烷气体含量的方法。方法采用气相色谱-质谱选择离子方式(GC-MS/SIM)。结果该方法在全氟丙烷浓度为40.92-16368nmol/L范围内,线性关系良好,标准曲线方程为Y=51.13X 40.38,R2=0.9999;其方法检测限为8.18nmol/L。在低(204nmol/L)、中(2046nmol/L)、高(8184nmol/L)3个浓度下回收率分别为(100.98±1.4)%、(102.63±2.29)%和(97.5±2.2)%;日内精密度RSD%分别为0.6%、1.67%和2.0%;日间精密度RSD%分别为0.86%、1.75%和2.3%。结论该方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确、精密度高,可作为质控的有效手段。     

苏安心鼻吸剂中冰片的含量测定

目的建立苏安心鼻吸剂中冰片的含量测定方法。方法采用气相色谱方法。结果冰片标准曲线A=4.8582C+14.809(r=0.9998);在20.08～100.4μg/mL峰面积和浓度呈良好线性关系;平均回收率为101.2%,RSD为1.96%(n=6)。结论气相色谱方法灵敏、准确,重复性好,可用于测定苏安心鼻吸剂中冰片的含量。     

气相色谱法测定硒化红花籽油软胶囊中α-亚麻酸及亚油酸的含量

目的建立气相色谱法测定硒化红花籽油软胶囊中α-亚麻酸及亚油酸含量的方法。方法色谱柱为聚乙二醇-20000(PEG-20M)高效石英毛细管气相色谱柱,检测器为氢焰离子化检测器,检测器温度250℃,进样口温度250℃,载气为氮气,流速30mL/min,柱温控制采用程序升温,分流比为90∶1。结果α-亚麻酸检测浓度在0.183 8～3.676 0mg/mL范围线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为100.73%(RSD=1.29%,n=9)。亚油酸检测浓度在0.199 7～3.598 0mg/mL范围线性关系良好(r=0.999 8),平均回收率为99.59%(RSD=2.66%,n=9)。结论该气相色谱法灵敏、准确、可靠,可适用于硒化红花籽油软胶囊中α-亚麻酸及亚油酸的含量测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法检测人血浆中双氯芬酸钠的浓度

目的:建立反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定人血浆中双氯芬酸钠的浓度.方法:双氯芬酸钠血浆样品经酸化后用乙醚萃取,以HypersilC18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm,Agilent,USA)为色谱柱,以甲醇:1.5%冰乙酸(72.5:27.5)为流动相,流速为0.9 ml/min.检测波长为276 nm.结果:双氯芬酸钠在0.025～5.0 mg·L-1范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9997,最低检测浓度为0.02 mg·L.日内RSD为3.0%～7.6%,日间RSD为2.9%～5.3%,平均相对回收率为(96.6±5.5)%,平均提取回收率为(83.2±4.8)%.结论:本法灵敏、快速、准确,适用于双氯芬酸钠的临床血药浓度检测及药代动力学研究.     

毛细管柱气相色谱测定乳饮料中甜蜜素的探讨

目的建立乳饮料中甜蜜素的毛细管柱气相色谱检测的方法,为日常检测工作提供依据。方法采用毛细管柱气相色谱法测定乳饮料中甜蜜素。结果在该实验室条件下所建立的毛细管柱气相色谱法测定乳饮料中甜蜜素的回收率在93.1%～97.5%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在3.1%～5.7%之间。结论该方法简单、准确、灵敏度高,能满足生活乳饮料中甜蜜素日常检测要求。     

兔血浆中氟虫腈及其砜化物的高效液相色谱分析法

目的:建立兔血浆中氟虫腈(Fipronil)及其代谢物砜化物(Fipronil sulfone)的高效液相色谱检测法.方法:高效液相色谱仪为Agilent 1100系列;血浆经乙醚萃取浓缩,以Hypersil ODS-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μ m)为色谱分析柱;以乙腈-甲醇-水(26∶24∶50,V/V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0ml·min-1;检测波长为276 nm;内标为地西泮.对兔血浆中的氟虫腈及其砜化物进行检测.结果:氟虫腈及其砜化物浓度在0.05～5.00 mg·L-1范围内均具有良好的线性关系(r=0.999);最低检测限均为为0.05mg·L-1;相对回收率分别为(101.08±6.13)%和(100.68±4.78)%,绝对回收率分别为(80.24%±2.58)%和(81.77±2.64)%;日内精密度变异系数分别为(5.55±1.24)%和(5.59±1.25)%;日间精密度变异系数分别为(5.91±1.44)%和(7.27±1.20)%.结论:本研究采用的反相-高效液相色谱法快速、简便、灵敏、准确,可用于兔血浆氟虫腈及其砜化物的检测和毒物代谢动力学研究.     

尿中盐酸曲马多的快速分析方法

目的:通过考察尿中盐酸曲马多及其代谢物的提取方法,建立其气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)的检测方法。方法:采用C18固相萃取法对尿中曲马多原体及其主要代谢物进行提取,利用GC-MS对其进行检测。结果:线性范围为0.1￣100μg/ml(r=0.9957,n=6),平均回收率为99.21%,相对标准偏差为2.83%,最低测量限为0.1g/ml。结论:本实验研究建立了尿中曲马多及其代谢物的快速、简便、准确、灵敏的检测方法,可作为快速检测吸毒人员尿中是否含有曲马多的一种有效的方法。     

丙溴磷及其混配农药对小鼠学习记忆功能的影响

目的研究丙溴磷及其混配农药对小鼠学习记忆功能的影响.方法将小鼠随机分为丙溴磷染毒组、丙溴磷与氰戊菊酯混配染毒组、丙溴磷与灭多威混配染毒组和对照组.3个染毒组分别给予3种染毒剂量进行染毒,于染毒前和染毒24 h后进行小鼠跳台试验.结果丙溴磷染毒组与2个混配农药染毒组的高、中剂量组跳台试验受电击次数、电击总时间、首次错误潜伏时分别为(64.90±36.32)次、(6.10±3.60)s、(119.52±55.94)s,(86.90±32.16)次、(5.00±2.09)s、(66.20±37.98)s;(74.20±27.88)次、(2.90±1.45)s、(86.90±31.12)s,(103.10±32.75)次、(2.10±1.29)s、(60.50±39.83)s;(76.40±35.28)次、(3.60±1.96)s、(101.30±38.74)s,(156.30±70.57)次、(1.60±0.97)s、(56.80±31.57)s.与对照组比较,丙溴磷染毒组中的高、中剂量组与2个混配农药染毒组高剂量组跳台试验受电击次数、电击总时间明显增加(P <0.05,P <0.01)、首次错误潜伏时明显缩短(P <0.01).结论丙溴磷及其混配农药能降低小鼠学习记忆功能,其中丙溴磷的作用可能更为重要.     

顶空气相色谱法测定盐酸非那嗪奈中有机溶剂残留量

目的:建立盐酸非那嗪奈中乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯和氯仿等有机溶剂残留量的测定方法。方法:顶空毛细管GC法,采用HP-624毛细管气相色谱柱。结果:4种有机溶剂的回收率(%)分别为101.2,102.2,101.2和101.0,检测限分别为0.052,0.10,0.11和0.060μg/mL。结论:该法快速、准确、灵敏且无干扰。     

玉米中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的气相色谱分析

目的：建立一种简单、灵敏、高效的测定玉米中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的电子捕获气相色谱方法。 方法：玉米样品用氯仿-乙醇(8∶2)提取,经硅胶柱净化,甲苯-丙酮(8∶2)洗柱,二氯甲烷-甲醇（95∶5）洗脱,洗脱液蒸干、衍生后气相色谱测定,检测器为电子捕获检测器。 结果：气相色谱测定方法检测玉米中DON毒素的最低检测限为10　ng•g^-1。线性范围在50~500 ng•g^-1时,DON的回归方程Y=20.51+0.000122X,相关系数为0.9996。平均回收率76.21%,变异系数0.10。 结论：该方法简单、快速、灵敏、重复性好,具有很好的实际应用价值,可用于卫生检疫部门对大批量污染谷物及其制品中DON的监测。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.