肿瘤标志物CA242与CA19-9对胰腺癌的诊断价值

目的:比较血清肿瘤标志物CA242与CA19-9对胰腺癌的诊断价值。方法:1996年4月至1997年6月,北京医院对门诊及住院197例患者进行了血清CA19-9的检测,148例进行了CA242的检测,其中25例为临床明确诊断为胰腺癌,12例为急性胰腺炎,18例为良性阻塞性黄疸。结果显示:胰腺癌患者血清CA19-9和CA242较对照明显增高,其中25例胰腺癌患者有21例CA19-9阳性,检测的灵敏度为84％,特异性为74.4％,有17例CA242阳性,检测的灵敏度为68％,特异性为87.8％。CA242与CA19-9比较,灵敏度无显著差异(0.10相似文献   

Individual Cutoff Levels of Carcinoembryonic Antigen and CA 242 Indicate Recurrence of Colorectal Cancer With High Sensitivity

PURPOSE: This study was designed to identify the sensitivity and specificity associated with recurrent colorectal cancer, principally hepatic metastases, with individual cutoff levels of carcinoembryonic antigen; identify the corresponding data for CA 50 and CA 242; compare these findings with standard cutoff levels, clinical examinations, and patients personal health assessments; and identify the time between increasing serum levels and detection of actual relapses, particularly hepatic metastases. METHODS: A prospective study was performed that included 132 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery with curative intent and who were followed up for a minimum of 5 years. Serum samples were obtained the first two years after surgery. Marker serum levels were analyzed with the commercial Delfia® test kit. RESULTS: During the sampling period, carcinoembryonic antigen levels were very high or above the individual cutoff level in 21 of 24 cases with recurrent disease. All eight hepatic metastases detected during the sampling period were indicated by carcinoembryonic antigen 0 to 19 months earlier. In the 3rd postoperative year, nine patients with recurrence were identified, and in eight of them, carcinoembryonic antigen rose above the individual cutoff level 23 months before diagnosis. The overall sensitivity and specificity associated with recurrent disease with individual cutoff levels were 79 and 64 percent for carcinoembryonic antigen, 46 and 77 percent for CA 50, and 63 and 76 percent for CA 242, respectively, which was higher than for any other method compared. CONCLUSIONS: With individual cutoff levels, both carcinoembryonic antigen and CA 242 had high sensitivity and acceptable specificity for indicating recurrent colorectal cancer. Because most (29/33) patients with recurrent disease identified within 3 years after surgery and all 8 with hepatic metastases identified during the sampling period were indicated by carcinoembryonic antigen with the individual cutoff, that method was established as the best for postoperative surveillance.     

联合检测CEA、CA199和CA242在胰腺癌诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨用蛋白芯片法检测CEA、CA199和CA242在胰腺癌诊断中应用价值。方法用蛋白芯片法测定38例胰腺癌患者、65例非胰腺恶性肿瘤患者、37例良性疾病患者和20例健康人群血清CEA、CA199和CA242含量。结果CEA、CA199和CA242对胰腺癌有诊断价值，其中敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为60．3％、61．4％、36．3％和80．3％；81．3％、72．5％、52．6％和89．3％；79．0％、84．2％、64．5％和90．3％；联合检测可提高检测的特异性和阳性预测值。结论联合检测CEA、CA199和CA242有利于胰腺癌临床诊断。     

Prediagnostic Levels of Carcinoembryonic Antigen and CA 242 in Colorectal Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study

PURPOSE: Carcinoembryonic antigen is the classical tumor marker for colorectal cancer. The main clinical utility is in monitoring patients with colorectal cancer. Like carcinoembryonic antigen, the plasma level of CA 242 is elevated in patients with colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and/or CA 242 were elevated before clinical diagnosis of colorectal cancer. METHODS: The Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort was linked to the Swedish National and Regional Cancer registries, and 124 prospective cases with colorectal cancer were identified. Two referents for each case were randomly selected and matched for gender, age, date of sampling, and fasting time. Plasma from the included patients was analyzed for carcinoembryonic antigen and CA 242 using specific immunoassays. RESULTS: An elevated level of carcinoembryonic antigen before diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of developing manifest colorectal cancer (adjusted odds ratio, 7.9; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.1–29.1; P = 0.002). An elevated level of CA 242 was not significantly related to colorectal cancer risk. Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels were only seen in samples collected in the two-year time interval immediately before diagnosis. In this group, 30.4 percent of all plasma samples from cases were carcinoembryonic antigen-positive and 71.4 percent were future Dukes A or B cases. The specificity of the carcinoembryonic antigen test for identifying future colorectal cancer patients was 0.99 with a sensitivity of 0.12. For CA 242 the specificity was 0.92 and the sensitivity was 0.1. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels strongly indicate occult colorectal cancer. Although the specificity of the carcinoembryonic antigen test in its present form is high, the sensitivity is disappointingly low, prohibiting the use of the carcinoembryonic antigen test for mass screening.     

胃癌患者血清CA199、CA724、CA242联合检测及其临床意义

目的 探讨血清肿瘤相关抗原CA199、CA724和CA242水平与胃癌的关系.方法 采用放射免疫法分别对63例胃癌患者血清CA199、CA724和CA242水平进行检测,并与30例慢性萎缩性胃炎伴重度不典型增生(CAGD)、30例正常对照组比较,分析其与胃癌恶性程度、转移和临床分期的关系.结果 胃癌患者血清CA199、CA724和CA242水平均明显高于CAGD与正常对照组(P均<0.01),血清CA199、CA724和CA242的阳性率与胃癌恶性程度、转移和临床分期有关(P<0.05),三项指标联合检测可明显提高胃癌诊断的敏感度及准确性.结论 胃癌患者血清CA199、CA724和CA242水平是胃癌发生、发展的重要因素,三者联合检测对胃癌患者诊断、治疗和预后判断等具有重要意义.     

糖链抗原联合检测对肺癌合并胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的 联合检测胸腔积液中糖链抗原CA72-4、CA242、CEA的水平,探讨其对肺癌合并胸腔积液的诊断价值.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验法对39例肺癌合并胸腔积液患者和35例良性疾病合并胸腔积液患者的胸腔积液进行CA72-4、CA242、CEA 3项联合检测.根据ROC曲线选择肿瘤标志物的界值,以敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率比较其在不同类型胸腔积液中的表达情况.结果 肺癌患者胸腔积液中3项肿瘤标志物的平均水平明显高于良性疾病患者(P<0.05).CA72-4、CA242、CEA的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.703、0.727、0.804.CA72-4对肺癌性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为64.1%、71.4 0A.CA242对肺癌性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为59.0%、80.0%.各项肿瘤标志物联合检测时,CA72-4+CEA和CA72-4+CA242+CEA对肺癌合并胸腔积液诊断的敏感性和特异性相同,分别为89.7%、94.3%.均高于其他联合.结论 检测胸腔积液中糖链抗原CA72-4、CA242、CEA的水平对肺癌合并胸腔积液的诊断有一定价值;多项肿瘤标志物联合检测时,敏感性和特异性均较单项检测时高;最佳联合检测为CA72-4+CEA.     

胰腺癌患者血清CA242定量测定及其意义

目的 探讨定量测定胰腺癌患者血清CA242的临床意义。方法 链亲和素-生物素双抗体夹心ELISA法定量测定83例健康人、28例胰腺癌、16例胰腺炎及68例其它肿瘤患者的血清CA242,并比较其在不同疾病间的差异。结果 血清CA242含量（U/ml）在83例正常人为7.34±5.09;28例胰腺癌为112.85±56.54;16例胰腺炎为8.91±4.58;68例其它肿瘤为23.10±39.89。该法测定胰腺癌患者血清CA242的灵敏度为85.7％,特异性为92.2％,阳性预示值为64.9％,阴性预示值为97.5％。结论血清CA242的定量测定是诊断胰腺癌的敏感而又特异的指标。     

肺癌患者血清CEA、CA242、VEGF联合检测的临床意义

目的研究血清CEA、CA242、VEGF的检测在肺癌诊断中的临床意义。方法采用ELISA方法测定96例肺癌患者血清CEA、CA242、VEGF的水平。结果CEA、CA242和VEGF的联合检测的阳性率达到71.9%,明显高于各单项标记物的检测阳性率（分别为42.7%、46.9%、40.6%）,Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期患者CEA、CA242、VEGF阳性率明显高于Ⅰ＋Ⅱ期患者（分别为52.2%vs18.5%、53.6%vs29.6%、47.8%vs22.2%,P〈0.05）,其值大小明显高于Ⅰ＋Ⅱ期患者（分别为33.32±55.91vs5.52±4.96ng/ml、45.82±86.27vs14.6±39.78u/ml、293.15±135.75vs47.91±28.64pg/ml,P〈0.01）。结论CEA、CA242、VEGF可用于肺癌的诊断、预后判断,联合检测可提高诊断率。     

Clinical Evaluation of Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Mucin Expressing CA19-9, CA50, Span-1, Sialyl-SSEA-l,and Dupan-2

We have previously described the purification and partial characterization of a new pancreatic cancer-| associated antigen, a pancreatic cancer-associated mucin expressing CA19-9, CA50, Span-1, sialyl SSEA-1, and Dupan-2. This study describes the clinical evaluation of various assay systems for this antigen which depend on measuring respective serum levels. Elevated levels of antigen were detected in the sera from both patients with malignant and non-malignant diseases. However, elevated serum levels of CA19-9 and Lewis” and Lewis^b epitopes on moieties were restricted to pancreatic and biliary tract cancers, although adequate sensitivity was not attained. Coordinate evaluation of these three markers improved the sensitivity to some extent without loss of specificity for the diagnosis of pancreatic and biliary tract cancers, because of the heterogeneity of the coexpression of these epitopes. We developed additional assay systems with a combination of this antigen and two lectins (Bauhinia purpurea (BPA) and Vicia villosa (VVA)). Elevated levels of BPA- and WA-reactive antigens were detected in 41% and 31%, respectively, of pancreatic cancer sera samples. Few patients with chronic pancreatitis had an elevated serum level of either antigen, and higher elevated levels of these markers were restricted to the sera of patients with malignancies. Our results suggest that this antigen is found in the sera of patients with various conditions and in the sera of normal subjects but that antigens bearing CA19-9 or Lewis³ or Lewis^b epitopes and an altered carbohydrate structure recognized by BPA and WA lectins are preferentially present in the sera of patients with pancreatic and other malignancies.     

胰腺癌患者血清CA242与癌组织Ki-67表达的关系及意义

目的探讨胰腺癌患者血清CA242与癌组织Ki-67表达的相关性。方法对35例胰腺癌手术患者术前行血清CA242水平检测;术中取癌组织采用免疫组化法检测Ki-67表达;分析二者的相关性。结果 35例患者血清CA242水平均显著升高,对胰腺癌诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为68.6%(24/35)和77%(77/100)。胰腺癌组织中Ki-67表达阳性率(71.4%)明显高于正常胰腺组织;CA242水平与Ki-67表达呈明显正相关(P<0.05)。结论胰腺癌患者血清CA242升高提示癌细胞增殖能力强,预后不良;检测CA242水平有助于胰腺癌的病情及预后判断并指导个体化治疗。     

消化系统肿瘤患者血清CA50和CA19-9免疫放射分析的比较

目的：比较消化系统肿瘤患者血清ＣＡ５０和ＣＡ１９－９免疫放射分析（ＩＲＭＡ）的诊断价值,探讨ＣＡ５０和ＣＡ１９－９联合检测模式的合理性。方法：ＩＲＭＡ方法检测１４９例消化系统肿瘤患者与对照组血清ＣＡ５０和ＣＡ１９－９,比较分析２项检测结果张临床诊断价值指标。结果：带瘤生存组血清ＣＡ５０和ＣＡ１９－９单独和联合检测的阳 生率显著高主后无 和良性疾病组,其中肝物胰腺肿瘤患者的阳性率最高。ＣＡ５０和ＣＡ     

肝硬化患者血清CA50水平升高的原因及临床意义的探讨

研究肝硬化患者血清CA50水平与肝功能指标的关系,探讨肝硬化患者血清CA50升高的原因。选取肝硬化患者53例为研究对象,抽取静脉血检查生化肝功、CA50。结果表明22例(41.50%)血清CA50升高显著。血清CA50与丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、直接胆红素(DB il)、Ch ild-Pugh评分存在明显正相关性,与总胆红素(TB il)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)无相关性。在已除外并发恶性肿瘤的情况下,肝硬化患者血清CA50水平升高的主要原因是肝功损害及胆汁淤积,测定CA50水平有助于判断病情的严重程度及预后。     

Assessment of serum and bile levels of CA19-9 and CA125 in cholangitis and bile duct carcinoma

In this study, CA19-9 and CA125 in serum and bile were measured to evaluate their diagnostic value in cholangitis and bile duct carcinoma. Patients were classified into three groups: group A, the control group, had cholelithiasis without infection (n = 23), group B had acute cholangitis (n = 25) and group C had bile duct carcinoma without bacterial infection (n = 18). All patients had undergone surgery, and bile and serum of the patients were measured for the two tumour markers by radio-immunoassay. The positivity rate for serum CA19-9 was 4.4% in the control group, 28.0% in group B and 61.1% in group C. The positivity rates for serum CA125 in groups control, B and C were 0%, 4% and 27.78% respectively. The diagnostic accuracy for bile duct carcinoma was 67.4% for both CA19-9 or CA125. The concentration of CA19-9 in bile was more than 1200 ng/mL in 72% of patients with acute cholangitis, in 61.1% of all patients with bile duct carcinoma and 0% in the control group. The frequency of concentrations of CA125 in bile greater than 200 ng/mL was 38.89% in bile duct carcinoma and none was observed in the control or acute cholangitis groups. In conclusion, the concentration of CA19-9 was increased not only by the tumour itself, but also by infection. In the diagnosis of bile duct carcinomas, the sensitivity of CA125 was low but its specificity was very high.     

Tissue expression of the cancer-associated antigens ca 19-9 and ca-50 in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma

The expression of the gastrointestinal cancer-associated antigens CA 19-9 and CA-50 was studied in 43 ductal pancreatic carcinomas, 1 mutinous cystadenoma, 1 signet-ring-cell carcinoma, 42 pancreata with chronic pancreatitis, and 10 normal fetal and adult pancreata. The anti-CA-50 antibody gave a more intense and more uniformly distributed staining of the ductal epithelial cells than the anti-CA 19-9 antibody. Both antigens, however, exhibited the same staining pattern of ductal epithelial cells in normal pancreas and chronic pancreatitis. Well differentiated carcinomas showed a predominantly membrane-bound antigen expression, whereas moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas gave a more diffuse cytoplasmic staining. Epithelial dysplasia could not be differentiated by the staining pattern from normal, hyperplastic, metaplastic, or neoplastic cells. The immunohistochemical reaction with these anticarbohydrate antibodies, therefore, does not allow a qualitative discrimination between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma. CA 19-9, which expression depends on the Lewis gene, was negative in two patients with Le^a-b- phenotype. Although anti-CA-50 antibody was reactive with the cancer cells of these 2 patients, the staining was weak and heterogenous.     

Immunohistochemical studies on the localization of cancer associated antigens DU-PAN-2 and CA19-9 in carcinomas of the digestive tract

The immunohistochemical localization of DU-PAN-2 antigen and CA19-9 antigen in carcinomas of the digestive tract was studied using an immunoperoxidase technique. Staining for DU-PAN-2 antigen and CA19-9 antigen was observed in 104 (79%) and 96 (73%) of 131 carcinomas of the digestive tract, respectively. Diffuse staining (more than 20% of carcinoma cell stained) for DU-PAN-2 was detected in 14 of 21 (67%) pancreatic carcinomas and 11 of 19 (58%) carcinomas of the biliary tract (including cholangiocarcinoma). Diffuse staining for CA19-9 was detected in 15 (71%) of pancreatic carcinomas and nine (47%) of the carcinomas of the biliary tract. In colon carcinomas, no diffuse staining for DU-PAN-2 was observed, whereas diffuse staining for CA19-9 was found in 41%. There was a positive correlation between the differentiation degree (or grade) of the adenocarcinomas of the colon and the expression of CA19-9, but not that of DU-PAN-2. These immunohistochemical studies showed that DU-PAN-2 antigen is expressed diffusely in most cases of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and biliary tract and is more specific for adenocarcinomas of the pancreas and biliary tract than CA19-9.     

Intra-abdominal sequestration of the lung and elevated serum levels of CA 19-9: a diagnostic pitfall

Background

Extralobar pulmonary sequestration is an uncommon congenital abnormality that is rarely diagnosed after the age of 40 years. We describe a 64-year-old woman with an intra-abdominal sequestration of the lung and elevated carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 serum levels.

Case outline

On abdominal ultrasound a semi-solid cystic tumour was demonstrated that showed tight connection to the tail of the pancreas according to computed tomography. Cytological examination of the percutaneous biopsy did not lead to a definitive diagnosis. CA 19-9 serum levels were repeatedly elevated >250 IU/ml. With a tentative diagnosis of a tumour of the tail of pancreas the semi-solid cystic mass was resected. Frozen section histology suggested the diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration, which was confirmed by definitive histological examination. Immunohistochemical staining of the specimen with a specific monoclonal antibody against CA 19-9 showed strong immunoreactivity. Three months later the elevated CA 19-9 serum levels returned to normal.

Discussion

Elevated CA 19-9 serum levels have been described in benign pulmonary and mediastinal cystic lesions and in one case of extralobar intrathoracic lung sequestration. Although there is evidence that malignancies may arise in congenital lung cysts, CA 19-9 serum levels have not been investigated in such cases. Based on our results elevated serum values of CA 19-9 in combination with a cystic semi-solid mass in the left subphrenic space should include the differential diagnosis of extralobar pulmonary sequestration.     

抗人胰腺癌单克隆抗体的制备及其特性的研究

本实验采用常规细菌融合方法，在PEG作用下，成功地制备了五株能稳定分泌抗人胰腺癌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤。以间接型ELISA方法和ABC技术进行抗体检测，有限稀释法进行克隆。用羟基磷灰石法纯化单克隆抗体（MAb)，所得MAbB6的免疫球蛋白类型为IgG1,它在培养上清及小鼠腹水中的效价分别为1：16和1：2600。MAbB6具有较好的特异性，其所针对的抗原可能为一种胰腺癌细胞胸膜抗原，是一种肿瘤相关性抗原，羟基磷灰石方法是一种比较理想的单克隆抗体提纯方法。     

CA50、CEA、Cyfra21-1和SCC在肺癌患者中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨血清肿瘤标志物CA50、CEA、Cyfra21-1和SCC在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法采用电化学发光法检测260例肺癌患者、65例肺良性病变患者及117例健康体检者血清CA50、CEA、Cyfra21-1和SCC的含量。结果肺癌患者CA50、CEA、Cyfra21-1和SCC在肺癌患者中的阳性率分别为46.9%、66.5%、57.7%和58.1%,显著高于肺部良性病变患者和健康对照组(P0.05)。CA50、CEA、Cyfra21-1和SCC小细胞肺癌患者较非小细胞肺癌患者表达水平低。CA50和CEA在肺腺癌高表达;而Cyfra21-1在肺鳞癌高表达。结论血清CA50、CEA、Cyfra21-1和SCC检测对于肺癌诊断敏感性和特异性强,并有助于判断病理类型。     

胰液K-ras密码子点突变联合血清CA 199水平与胰腺癌复发关系的研究

目的探讨胰液中K-ras 12密码子点突变联合血清CA199检测与胰腺癌病程的关系。方法测定32例临床及手术证实的胰腺癌患者血清CA199水平,并采用内镜ERCP从胰管收集的胰液标本,聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)检测胰液K-ras 12基因12密码子点突变,分析胰液中K-ras 12密码子点突变及血清CA199联合检测与胰腺癌术后复发的关系。结果(1)胰液中K-ras 12密码子点突变率为56.3%,与肿瘤大小密切相关(P<0.05)。K-ras 12密码子点突变阳性、阴性表达病例3年复发率分别为66.7%和33.3%。(2)高血清CA199水平且K-ras 12密码子点突变阳性病例组3年复发率为69.2%,而低血清CA199且ras阳性病例组3年复发率为20.0%,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论联合胰液中K-ras 12密码子点突变及血清CA199检测可作为判断胰腺癌术后复发的有效指标,多因素分析对胰腺癌术后复发的判断更有价值。     

Tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma

The serum values of tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) were measured in a prospective series of 97 patients with jaundice, 36 patients with unjaundiced cholestasis and 21 patients with suspicion of chronic pancreatitis or a pancreatic tumour, to assess its value in diagnosing pancreatic cancer. There were altogether 15 patients with cancer of the pancreas and 2 patients with cancer of the papilla of Vater. The highest serum TATI values were noticed in patients with choledocholithiasis, and raised values were also seen in patients with malignant disease of the liver or bile ducts. In the patients with pancreatic cancer, chronic pancreatitis or benign liver disease, the serum TATI values showed lower levels. The sensitivity of TATI in diagnosing pancreatic cancer was 41.1% with a specificity of 63.5% and an efficiency of 61.0%. In comparison to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens CA 50, CA 242, tissue polypeptide antigen and tissue polypeptide-specific antigen, TATI showed a lower diagnostic value. When TATI was analysed in combination with the other markers (two tests positive), the combination of CEA with TATI reached the highest specificity (95.6%), efficiency (89.6%) and positive likelihood ratio (9.3). The results suggest that the diagnostic value of TATI is inferior to that of the established markers, but because of its different nature, it may be of help when used in combination as a complementary serum tumour marker in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.Abbreviations TATI tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor - TPA tissue polypeptide antigen - TPS tissue polypeptide-specific antigen - CEA carcinoembryonic antigen - CA carbohydrate antigen