广西匙羹藤茎95%乙醇提取物降血糖作用及其机制的初步研究

目的：研究广西匙羹藤茎95％乙醇提取物（GSEE）的降血糖作用及其机制。方法：采用正常小鼠，四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠，肾上腺素性高血糖小鼠，用放射免疫分析和葡萄糖氧化酶等方法进行研究。结果：GSEE对正常小鼠血糖在较高剂量时有一定影响；可使四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠的血糖值降低、血清胰岛素水平升高；它还可使。肾上腺素性高血糖小鼠血糖降低（P〈0．01）；增强正常小鼠的葡萄糖耐受能力，耐受时间在1h左右。结论：GSEE对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠及肾上腺素性高血糖小鼠有明显的降血糖作用，并且能增强正常小鼠的葡萄糖耐受。其降血糖的作用机制可能是促进胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素。     

匙羹藤根降血糖的药理作用研究

目的:研究匙羹藤根水煎液降血糖的药理作用。方法:采用四氧嘧啶制备糖尿病小鼠模型,对匙羹藤根水煎液的降血糖作用进行研究。结果:匙羹藤根水煎液具有降低四氧嘧啶所致高血糖小鼠血糖值的作用。结论:匙羹藤根水煎液具有一定的降血糖作用,为匙羹藤根的开发和利用提供了科学依据。     

广西匙羹藤茎降血糖作用机制的研究

目的:研究广西匙羹藤茎95%乙醇提取物(Gymnema sylvestre95% Ethanolic Extracts,简称GSEE)的降血糖作用及其机制。方法:采用四氧嘧啶性糖尿病大鼠模型,用放射免疫分析和免疫组化SP染色等方法进行研究。结果:GSEE可使四氧嘧啶性糖尿病大鼠的血糖值降低、血清胰岛素水平升高,还能升高SOD活性、降低MDA含量,提高肝糖原含量,明显升高胸腺和胰腺的重量指数,抵抗四氧嘧啶引起的胸腺、胰腺萎缩。大鼠胰腺的HE染色和免疫组织化学染色可见,GSEE各剂量组胰岛β细胞形态、结构与模型对照组比较,有不同程度的改善。GSEE对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病大鼠体重和TC、TG无明显影响。结论:GSEE对四氧嘧啶性糖尿病大鼠具有显著的降血糖作用,其降糖机制可能与GSEE促进四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病大鼠胰岛β细胞损伤的修复,促进胰岛素分泌和降低胰岛素分解速度,促进肝细胞糖原合成等类胰岛素样作用和清除自由基及抗脂质过氧化过程有关。     

广东匙羹藤乙醇提取物降血糖的实验研究

目的:观察广东匙羹藤乙醇提取物(GIAE)对多种糖尿病小鼠动物模型的降血糖作用。方法:采用四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠模型、肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠模型以及正常小鼠,在口服给药后,测定各模型小鼠的血糖水平。结果:GIAE对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠有很好的治疗作用,对肾上腺素、葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠也有明显的降血糖作用,但对正常小鼠血糖无明显影响。结论:GIAE对多种糖尿病小鼠动物模型具有较好的降血糖作用。     

不同品种桑枝的降血糖实验研究

目的：考察不同品种桑枝的降血糖作用。方法：用四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠模型,以空腹血糖值为指标研究桑枝提取物的降血糖作用。结果：白桑和鲁桑乙醇提取物均能显著降低四氧嘧啶引起的糖尿病小鼠的空腹血糖。结论：白桑和鲁桑具有相似的降血糖作用。     

匙羹藤酸降血糖作用的研究

目的探讨匙羹藤酸对高血糖模型小鼠的降血糖作用;方法采用四氧嘧啶型糖尿病模型,用GOD-PAP法测血糖;结果匙羹藤酸明显地降低糖尿病模型小鼠的血糖;结论匙羹藤酸有降血糖作用.     

青葙子提取物降血糖活性的研究

 目的研究青葙子提取物对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠降血糖作用。方法采用体积分数95%乙醇和水连续浸提青葙子获得醇提(A)和水提浸膏(B)。醇提浸膏用石油醚、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇连续萃取,获得不同部分。水提物采用3倍乙醇沉淀分为醇溶部分和粗多糖。尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶建立小鼠糖尿病模型,给予青葙子提取物灌胃,1 g·kg^-1或800 mg·kg^-1,连续3周, 测定血糖、血清中胰岛素含量及饮水量和耗食量,测定小鼠肝、肾、脾和胰腺重量指数。结果青葙子醇提物和水提物均有一定降血糖活性,其中醇提物的正丁醇部分(A-c)和水提物中粗多糖部分(B-b)具有显著降血糖活性,粗多糖部分具有明显促进胰岛素分泌作用,效果优于格列本脲(2 mg·kg^-1)。A-c和B-b能使四氧嘧啶引起的糖尿病小鼠肾脏和肝脏的肿胀恢复接近正常。结论青葙子提取物时四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠具有降血糖作用。     

龙眼叶不同提取物降血糖的实验研究

目的 研究龙眼叶不同提取部位的降血糖的活性.方法 分别采用四氧嘧啶小鼠糖尿病模型、肾上腺素小鼠高血糖模型及正常小鼠,观察龙眼叶的降血糖活性.结果 龙眼叶的正丁醇和95％乙醇部位均能不同程度降低上述不同糖尿病动物模型的空腹血糖,而对正常小鼠空腹血糖无明显影响.结论 龙眼叶具有明显的降血糖活性,尤以正丁醇和95％乙醇部位疗效较佳.     

匙精胶囊降血糖作用研究

目的 观察匙精胶囊对正常小鼠、大鼠和对糖尿病模型小鼠、大鼠的降血糖作用.方法 正常小鼠和大鼠分别灌胃给药,观察其血糖值的变化;分别给小鼠和大鼠尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶以及给大鼠尾静脉注射链脲霉素制作糖尿病动物模型,观察其给药后其血糖值的变化.结果 匙精胶囊能显著降低正常小鼠和正常大鼠血糖值;匙精胶囊也可显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠、大鼠的血糖值以及降低STZ糖尿病模型大鼠的血糖值.结论 匙精胶囊对正常小鼠、大鼠和多种糖尿病模型小鼠、大鼠均具有降血糖作用.     

广东匙羹藤总皂苷降血糖作用的实验研究

目的:观察广东匙羹藤总皂苷(GITS)对糖尿病小鼠动物模型的降血糖作用。方法:用四氧嘧啶制造糖尿病小鼠模型,采用葡萄糖酶法测定血糖。结果:GITS可显著降低四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠的血糖,但对正常小鼠血糖无明显影响。结论:GITS对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病模型小鼠有降血糖作用。     

广西匙羹藤紫外可见光谱鉴别的研究

目的:为匙羹藤的鉴别提供科学依据。方法:采用紫外-可见光谱法。结果:匙羹藤茎与叶各提取液的光谱特征吸收峰位大致相同。结论:可为匙羹藤的鉴别提供辅助手段。     

匙羹藤根部乙酸乙酯部分的化学成分研究

目的:对匙羹藤根乙酸乙酯部分的化学成分进行研究.方法:应用各种现代色谱手段对其化学成分进行分离纯化,利用理化性质结合光谱数据鉴定化合物结构.结果:分离鉴定了5个化合物,分别为正二十烷(Ⅰ)、豆甾醇(Ⅱ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅲ)、正二十二烷酸(Ⅳ)、牛弥菜醇A(Ⅴ).结论:该方法能首次从该植物中分离得到化合物Ⅰ和Ⅳ.     

匙羹藤有效成分牛弥菜醇A急性毒性及降糖作用研究

目的研究牛弥菜醇A降血糖的药理作用。方法牛弥菜醇A按100,200,400 mg.kg-1连续灌胃14d后,观察其对糖尿病小鼠血糖和正常小鼠的体质量、血糖、糖耐量的影响。结果牛弥菜醇A能明显降低四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠和肾上腺素性糖尿病小鼠的血糖值(P<0.01);较高剂量对正常小鼠的血糖和体重有一定的影响(P<0.05);能增强正常小鼠的葡萄糖耐受能力,耐受时间在1h左右;牛弥菜醇A的MTD大于750 mg.kg-1,相当于临床成人日用药的430.29倍。结论牛弥菜醇A对高血糖小鼠有显著的降血糖作用。     

A comparative evaluation of some blood sugar lowering agents of plant origin

A comparison of blood sugar lowering activity of four important medicinal plants (Azadirachta indica, Gymnema sylvestre, Catharanthus roseus and Ocimum sanctum) were carried out against normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models. The plant extracts decreased the blood sugar level in varying degrees. Blood sugar lowering unit (BLU) of activity of each leaf extract and tolbutamide was calculated by ED50 values. Statistical analysis revealed significant (P < 0.05) variation among the treatments as well as doses with regard to their blood sugar lowering capacity. A. indica leaf extract was found to have the most potent blood sugar-lowering activity followed by C. roseus, G. sylvestre and O. sanctum.     

匙羹藤果皮的生药鉴别

本文对匙羹藤果皮进行了性状,、显微、可见紫外分光光度和薄层色谱鉴别,为其鉴别提供依据。     

Comparison between ethanolic and aqueous extracts from Chinese juniper berries for hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

AIM OF THE STUDY: Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic properties of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively, from Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis L.) berries were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After oral administration of each extract singly or repeatedly to alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the blood glucose, glutamate-pyruvate transferase (GPT), glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were assayed. RESULTS: The blood glucose levels after a single oral administration of the ethanolic extract significantly reduced in a time-dependent manner, which is much faster and more than that of glibenclamide. The blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with the ethanolic extract were reduced to 94, 81%, 66%, 45% and 40% at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9h, respectively (p<0.05), while the aqueous extract had no effect at all. Repeated oral administration of the ethanolic extract also effectively reduced the GPT value to 58% of the diabetic rats, but slightly reduced the GOT value to 87% of the diabetic rats (p<0.05). On the other hand, the repeated oral administration of aqueous extract effectively reduced the GOT value to 43% of the diabetic rats, without affecting the GPT level. Effects of both extracts on the TC and TG levels were different. There was no significant difference in the TC and TG levels between diabetic control and diabetic groups when repeatedly administered orally with ethanolic extract. On the other hand, the aqueous extract brought down the TC value to 57% and the TG value to 37% of the diabetic control rats (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that the ethanolic extract of Chinese juniper berries possesses a potential hypoglycaemic effect while the aqueous extract has a potential hypolipidemic effect.     

Antihyperglycaemic effect and acute toxicity of Securigera Securidaca L. seed extracts in mice

The antihyperglycaemic activity of a Securigera securidaca aqueous infusion and an ethanol maceration extract of seeds was studied in normoglycaemic, glucose-induced hyperglycaemic and alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The acute toxicity of the ethanol extract was more than that of the aqueous one. The phytochemical analysis showed that the seed extracts were rich in flavonoids. The intraperitoneal and oral administration of the aqueous and ethanol extracts significantly reduced blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. In normoglycaemic and glucose-induced hyperglycaemic mice, the blood glucose levels were not significantly different from the control. Glibenclamide was not able to lower blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic mice, while it significantly lowered the blood sugar in normoglycaemic mice. The results indicate that S. securidaca seed extracts significantly reduce blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic mice by a mechanism different from that of sulfonylurea agents.     

Tanshinone inhibits intimal hyperplasia in the ligated carotid artery in mice

The hypoglycemic effects of water, ethanolic and butanolic extracts prepared from the root of Malmea depressa (Baill) R.E. Fries. (Annonaceae) were studied in diabetic rats (streptozotocin induced). Oral application of water extracts at doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg, ethanolic (112 mg/kg) and butanolic (80 mg/kg) extracts significantly lowered the plasma glucose levels in diabetic rats within three hours. Glibenclamide and metformin were used as references and showed similar hypoglycemic effects like the extracts. The three extracts have a similar chemical composition (HPLC analysis).     

青刺果黄酮对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠的降糖作用

目的研究青刺果黄酮对四氧嘧啶诱导糖尿病小鼠的降糖作用.方法用四氧嘧啶腹腔注射建立糖尿病小鼠模型,给予青刺果黄酮(300 mg/kg)灌胃治疗,连续4周,采血测空腹血糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TC)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL-C)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和尿素氮(BUN).灌胃期间,每2 d称重一次.结果糖尿病小鼠给予青刺果黄酮治疗的前3周,体重较造模组显著增加,但在第4周,青刺果黄酮组小鼠的体重与造模组相比却没有显著性差异.青刺果黄酮能极显著降低糖尿病小鼠的GLU、TG、AST水平(P＜0.01);能显著性降低VLDL-C、ALT和BUN水平(P＜0.05);但对TC水平影响不大.结论青刺果黄酮对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠具有降血糖和降血脂的作用,对肝功能的减退也有显著的改善作用,并对肾脏具有一定的保护作用.