CHI3L1、Cdc42在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 研究壳多糖酶3样蛋白1(CHI3L1)、Cdc42蛋白(Cdc42)在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法 选取80例原发性胃癌患者的研究对象，患者均未接受放疗或化疗，手术提取患者胃癌组织及癌旁5 cm处正常组织，进行相应实验室检测，比较CHI3L1、Cdc42在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达差异，对胃癌患者性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、直径、浸润深度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤分期等临床病理参数进行比较，分析CHI3L1、Cdc42的阳性表达与其临床病理参数的关系，分析CHI3L1、Cdc42在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义。结果 CHI3L1、Cdc42在胃癌及癌旁组织中均有阳性表达，胃癌组织中CHI3L1、Cdc42的阳性表达率显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。CHI3L1的阳性表达与胃癌患者肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移呈正相关(P<0.05);Cdc42的阳性表达与胃癌患者肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤分期呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 CHI3L1、Cdc42在胃癌组织中不同程度的表达与胃癌的发生、发展关系密切，胃癌浸润深度、淋巴结转移越严重，CHI3L1、Cdc42阳性表达越高，临床...     

SATB-1在喉癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的检测富集AT序列的特异性结合蛋白-1(SATB-1)在喉癌组织中的表达情况,探讨其与临床病理参数的关系及对喉癌预后的意义。方法应用免疫组织化学SP法检测68例喉癌组织中SATB-1的表达情况并分析其与喉癌临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果 SATB-1在喉癌组织中的阳性表达率明显高于癌旁组织。SATB-1在喉癌中的阳性表达情况与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤分型无关,但与组织学分级、临床分期和淋巴结的转移相关。SATB-1阳性喉癌患者生存率明显低于SATB-1阴性者。SATB-1表达和淋巴结转移是影响喉癌预后的2个独立因素。结论 SATB-1可能在喉癌发生发展中起重要作用,其高表达是预后不良的新指标。     

STMN1及UBE2C在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:通过检测STMN1及UBE2C基因在胃癌组织中的表达,探索其表达与临床病理因素间的关联及两基因表达间的关联。方法:采用免疫组化的方法检测180例胃癌病理标本及对应180例正常胃部黏膜标本中STMN1及UBE2C基因的表达情况。结果:STMN1在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为85.6%,而在正常组织中阳性表达率为26.1%(P＜0.05),STMN1的表达与患者性别、年龄及肿瘤分化程度无明显相关性,而与TNM分期、淋巴结转移及Lauren分型明显相关（P＜0.05)。UBE2C在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为73.3%,而在正常组织中阳性表达仅为24.4%(P＜0.05),UBE2C的表达与患者性别、年龄及肿瘤分化程度均无显著相关,而与淋巴结转移、TNM分期及Lauren分型关联性显著(P＜0.05)。Logistic多因素分析表明,淋巴结转移、Lauren分型、TNM分期与STMN1及UBE2C表达相关(P＜0.05)。STMN1与UBE2C基因表达呈正相关(r=0.288,P＜0.05)。结论:STMN1的表达与胃癌的产生、进展、浸润及转移密切相关,UBE2C可能通过PI3K/Akt信号通道调节STMN1。     

肿瘤转移抑制基因KAI1在大肠癌进展中的作用

背景与目的:对于肿瘤转移抑制基因KAI1在大肠癌中的表达及其与病理分期的关系存有争议,关于它与肿瘤患者预后的报道仍然较少。本研究旨在探讨KAI1在大肠癌进展中的作用及其在预后判断中的价值。方法:采用免疫组化法检测91例大肠癌原发灶及25例淋巴结转移灶中KAI1表达。结果:KAI1在大肠癌原发灶中阳性表达54例(59.3%),弱阳性22例(24.2%),阴性15例(16.5%)。KAI1在低分化、有淋巴结转移、远处脏器转移肿瘤中表达显著降低(P<0.01);5年生存者的KAI1阳性表达率(67.14%)显著高于5年内死亡者(33.33%)(P<0.05);KAI1表达阳性、弱阳性以及阴性患者的5年生存率依次为87.04%、63.34%、60.00%,呈下降趋势(P<0.05),淋巴结转移灶的KAI1表达显著低于原发灶(P<0.05)。结论:KAI1的异常表达可能参与了大肠癌的恶性进展。检测KAI1的表达对判断肿瘤的分化、淋巴结转移和远处转移及大肠癌患者预后有一定的参考价值。     

ZEB-1、E-cadherin在胃癌组织中的表达及与临床病理因素的关系

目的:研究ZEB-1、E-cadherin 蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达情况及其与临床病理因素之间的相互关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学法（IHC 法）检测ZEB-1 蛋白和E-cadherin 蛋白在171 例胃癌组织和60 例癌旁胃组织中的表达情况,分析两种蛋白在胃癌组织中与临床病理参数之间的关系。结果:ZEB-1在胃癌组织中呈阳性表达,阳性表达率明显高于癌旁胃组织（P<0.05）,且表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移和TNM 临床分期有关（P<0.05）;E-cadherin在胃癌组织中阳性表达率明显低于癌旁胃组织,且表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移和TNM 临床分期有关（P<0.05）;ZEB-1、E-cadherin 蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达呈负相关性（r=-0.369,P=0.019）。结论:联合检测E-cadherin 和ZEB-1 对判断胃癌患者的预后具有一定的临床价值。     

胃癌组织NGX6和Cyclin D1表达及其生物学意义的探讨

目的:探讨胃癌组织中NGX6和Cyclin D1的表达及其生物学意义.方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测89例胃癌组织和53例正常胃黏膜组织中NGX6和Cyclin D1蛋白的表达情况.结果:NGX6蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为51.69％,胃癌组织中阳性表达率明显高于正常胃黏膜组织的83.02％,P＜0.05;而Cyclin D1蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为74.16％,胃癌组织中阳性表达率显著高于正常胃黏膜组织的0,P＜0.05;免疫组织化学结果显示,胃癌组织中NGX6和Cyclin D1蛋白的阳性表达呈负相关,两者均与胃癌的临床分期、浸润深度及淋巴结转移有关(P＜0.05),而与组织学分级无关.结论:NGX6和Cyclin D1蛋白表达异常可能共同参与了胃癌的发生、发展、侵袭和转移;联合检测2种蛋白对于评价胃癌的恶性程度、判断其转移潜能和预后可能具有重要的临床意义.     

骨桥蛋白和原癌基因c-Met在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的： 研究骨桥蛋白 (osteopontin,OPN)和原癌基因c-Met在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：用免疫组织化学SP法检测69例胃癌组织、20例胃黏膜不典型增生组织及20例正常胃黏膜组织中OPN蛋白和c-Met蛋白的表达水平,并探讨其表达与肿瘤临床病理指标的关系;应用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测15例胃癌和正常切缘组织 (距肿瘤边缘5 cm以上)中的OPN mRNA和c-Met mRNA的表达。结果：OPN蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为69.6%,高于胃黏膜不典型增生组织(40.0%)及正常胃黏膜组织(30.0%)(P<0.05);OPN蛋白表达与肿瘤的浸润深度、临床TNM分期、淋巴结转移之间有明显的相关性;胃癌组织和正常胃黏膜组织中OPN mRNA表达水平分别为β-actin的2.08和0.46倍,胃癌组织明显高于正常胃黏膜组织 (P<0.01)。c-Met蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为65.2%,明显高于胃黏膜不典型增生组织(30.0%)及正常胃黏膜组织(20.0%) (P<0.01);c-Met蛋白表达水平与肿瘤的淋巴结转移、临床TNM分期之间有明显的相关性;胃癌组织和正常胃黏膜组织中c-Met mRNA表达水平分别是β-actin的0.21和0.03倍,胃癌组织明显高于正常胃黏膜组织 (P<0.01)。结论：OPN、c-Met高表达可能促进了胃癌的发病过程,在胃癌的发生发展过程中具有重要作用。     

胃癌组织FRAT1表达与临床病理因素相关性分析

目的:探讨胃癌组织FRAT1的表达及其与胃癌各临床病理因素的关系。方法:采用免疫组化、RT-PCR及蛋白质印迹法检测112例胃癌组织和20例癌旁胃黏膜组织中FRAT1的表达及其在不同病理级别胃癌组织中的表达差异。结果:FRAT1mRNA和蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为68.8%,明显高于癌旁胃黏膜组织的阳性表达率0,两者比较差异有统计学意义,χ2=30.23,P=0.000。FRAT1在高、中、低分化的胃癌组织中阳性表达率分别为51.6%、72.1%和78.9%,χ2=6.300,P=0.043。且FRAT1的阳性表达与临床分期(P=0.013)和淋巴结转移(P=0.032)有关,而与患者的年龄和性别无关(P>0.05)。结论:FRAT1蛋白的表达率与胃癌的分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关,且随着胃癌组织分化程度的增高而降低,随着TNM分期增高而增高。     

p27kip1蛋白表达与胃癌的关系

[目的]探讨p27kip1蛋白表达与胃癌的关系。[方法]用免疫组化SP法检测69例胃癌中p27kip1蛋白表达。[结果]p27kip1蛋白表达率在胃癌中为46.38%(32/69),而正常胃组织中为96.43%(27/28),差异有显著性(P<0.01)。p27kip1蛋白阳性表达率与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、部位无关(P>0.05),与肿瘤分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴转移及临床分期有关(P<0.05)。[结论]p27kip1蛋白缺失与胃癌的发生发展有关,其蛋白检测可为胃癌的临床诊断及预后判断提供参考。     

在非小细胞肺癌组织中DPC4和P21WAF1/CIP1蛋白的表达

目的 探讨DPC4、P21WAF1/CIP1在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及与肺癌生物学行为及预后的关系.方法 利用免疫组组织化学S-P法检测60例非小细胞肺癌组织及30例癌旁正常肺组织中DPC4及P21WAF1/CIP1蛋白的表达.结果 DPC4在肿瘤组织中阳性表达率为65%(39/60),与癌旁正常肺组织的阳性表达率90%(27/30)相比,DPC4阳性表达显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);DPC4与淋巴结转移、临床分期相关(P＜0.05),而与病理类型、组织学分级无关(P＞0.05).P21WAF1/CIP1在肿瘤组织中阳性表达率为68.3%(41/60),与癌旁正常肺组织的阳性表达率6.7%(2/30)相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);P21WAF1/CIP1与组织学分类、临床分期、是否有淋巴结转移等无关(P＞0.05).结论 DPC4、P21WAF1/CIP1异常表达可能参与了NSCLC的发生发展,联合检测二者有助于判断肺癌的恶性程度及预后.     

DNA切除修复交叉互补基因1、乳腺癌易感基因、核苷酸还原酶1与非小细胞肺癌

 阐述了近年来非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）化疗敏感性与DNA 切除修复交叉互补基因1 （ERCC1）、乳腺癌易感基因（BRCA1）、核苷酸还原酶1（RRM1）基因表达关系的研究进展，分析3个基因对NSCLC个体化化疗潜在的指导意义     

Polymorphisms of CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and prostate cancer risk in Turkish population

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in many countries. Although the etiology of prostate cancer largely is unknown, both genetic and environmental factors may be involved. Advanced age, androgen metabolism, and heredity-race have been reported to be possible risk factors. On the other hand, several studies indicate that genetic polymorphisms in biotransformation enzymes play a role in prostate cancer development. In this study, association of the prostate cancer risk with genotype frequencies of the Phase I (CYP1A1) and Phase II (GSTM1 and GSTT1) biotransformation enzymes was investigated in 321 Turkish individuals (152 prostate cancer patients and 169 age-matched male controls). The presence or absences of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were determined by a PCR-based method. Genotypes of CYP1A1 were determined by MspI-RFLP. The prevalence of GSTM1 null genotype in the cases was 64 percent, compared to 31 percent in the control group, indicating a strong association (OR = 4.08, 95%CI = 2.50-6.69). No association was observed between either GSTT1 null genotype or CYP1A1 polymorphism and prostate cancer incidence. No statistically significant association was observed between smoking status of the patients and any of the polymorphisms studied. In conclusion, results of this study indicate that only the GSTM1 null genotype may play an important role as a risk factor for prostate cancer development in Turkish population.     

GST, NAT, SULT1A1, CYP1B1 genetic polymorphisms, interactions with environmental exposures and bladder cancer risk in a high-risk population

Tobacco smoking and occupation are major risk factors of bladder cancer via exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aromatic amines. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1, T1 and P1 are involved in the detoxification of PAH reactive metabolites. Two N-acetyltransferase isozymes, NAT2 and NAT1, have major roles in catalyzing the N-acetylation and O-acetylation of aromatic amines. Cytochrome p450 1B1 (CYP1B1) and sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) are also involved in the metabolism of PAHs and aromatic amines. It is hypothesized that the genetic polymorphisms of these metabolic enzymes have an effect on the individual susceptibility to bladder cancer in particular by interacting with relevant environmental exposures. A hospital-based case-control study among men in Brescia, Northern Italy recruited 201 incidence cases and 214 controls from 1997-2000. Occupational exposures were blindly coded by occupational physicians. Genotyping of polymorphisms were carried out with PCR-RFLP method. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression was applied to model the association between genetic polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk. Effect modifications by age of onset, smoking and occupational exposures to PAHs and aromatic amines were evaluated. We also conducted an analysis of interaction between genetic factors. GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype were associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-2.56) and 1.74 (95% CI = 1.02-2.95), respectively. The effect of GSTM1 null was seen particularly in heavy smokers, and there was a combined effect with occupational exposure of aromatic amines (OR = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.08-7.10). We observed a trend (p-value < 0.01) of increasing cancer risk comparing subjects with normal GSTM1 and T1 activity to subjects with one (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.16-2.85) or both null genotypes (OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.27-5.23). NAT2 slow acetylator was associated with marginally increased risk of bladder cancer (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 0.99-2.27), and the OR for the joint effect with occupational exposure of aromatic amines was 3.26 (95% CI = 1.06-9.95). SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism showed a marginal protective effect. These findings suggest that individual susceptibility to bladder cancer may be modulated by GSTM1, GSTT1 and NAT2 polymorphisms.     

Multiplex PCR with Confronting Two-pair Primers for CYP1A1 Ile462Val,GSTM1, GSTT1, and NQO1 C609T

Polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP) is an effective genotyping method ‍for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in aspects of reducing time and costs for analysis. So far we have ‍established PCR-CTPP conditions for tens of SNPs, including a triplex genotyping (Kawase et al., 2003). In the ‍present study we report a quadruplex PCR-CTPP to genotype simultaneously four functional polymorphisms of ‍carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes, CYP1A1 Ile462Val, GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null and NQO1 C609T, which were ‍reported that they have significant associations with smoking-related cancers. We applied this method for 475 health ‍check-up examinees to demonstrate the performance. Among the subjects, the genotype frequency of CYP1A1 ‍Ile462Val was 56.8% for Ile/Ile, 38.1% for Ile/Val and 5.1% for Val/Val. The null type frequencies of GSTM1 and ‍GSTT1 were 52.8% and 49.9%, respectively. And the genotype frequency of NQO1 C609T was 41.9% for C/C, ‍41.3% for C/T and 16.8% for T/T. Their distributions were similar to those reported for Japanese by other studies. ‍To the best of our awareness, this is the first paper that reports the success in quadruplex PCR-CTPP. The applied ‍polymorphisms are useful ones, which would be adopted not only for research purposes, but also for risk assessment ‍of individuals exposed to carcinogenic substances. This convenient genotyping would be applied for cancer prevention ‍especially in Asian Pacific regions, where expensive genotyping methods are hardly available.     

CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and TP53 Polymorphisms and Risk of Gallbladder Cancer in Bolivians

The Plurinational State of Bolivia (Bolivia) has a high incidence rate of gallbladder cancer (GBC). However, the genetic and environmental risk factors for GBC development are not well understood. We aimed to assess whether or not cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1), glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1), theta 1 (GSTT1) and tumor suppressor protein p53 (TP53) genetic polymorphisms modulate GBC susceptibility in Bolivians. This case-control study covered 32 patients with GBC and 86 healthy subjects. GBC was diagnosed on the basis of histological analysis of tissues at the Instituto de Gastroenterologia Boliviano Japones (IGBJ); the healthy subjects were members of the staff at the IGBJ. Distributions of the CYP1A1 rs1048943 and TP53 rs1042522 polymorphisms were assayed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms were detected by a multiplex PCR assay. The frequency of the GSTM1 null genotype was significantly higher in GBC patients than in the healthy subjects (odds ratio [OR], 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-5.37; age-adjusted OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.29-9.66; age- and sex-adjusted OR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.24-9.34). No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of CYP1A1, GSTT1, or TP53 polymorphisms between the two groups. The GSTM1 null genotype was associated with increased GBC risk in Bolivians. Additional studies with larger control and case populations are warranted to confirm the association between the GSTM1 deletion polymorphism and GBC risk suggested in the present study.     

CYP1A1、GSTM1基因多态性及其联合作用与食管癌的易感性

目的探讨CYP1A1、GSTM1基因多态性及其联合作用与新疆汉族人食管癌易感性的关系。方法采用聚合酶链式反应-连接酶检测反应分析方法检测107例食管癌患者和204例非食管癌患者的CYP1A1(rs1048943、rs4646421和rs4646903)和GSTM1(缺失型和rs2071487)的基因型。结果CYP1A1基因rs1048943位点的等位基因和基因型频率在病例组和对照组之间比较,总体分布差异有统计学意义(χ² =5.52,P=0.019)。与A/A基因型相比,GG+AG基因型可增加食管癌的发病风险(OR=1.79,OR95%CI:1.10~2.92);GSTM1基因缺失型和非缺失型在病例组和对照组中的分布频率分别为68.69%、31.31%和48.39%、51.61%,在两组间的分布差异有统计学意义(χ²=10.55,P=0.001;OR=2.34,OR95%CI:1.40~3.91)。结论CYP1A1基因rs1048943位点多态性和GSTM1基因缺失型与新疆地区汉族人食管癌易感性有相关性。     

Polymorphism in GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 and Susceptibility to Lung Cancer in a Japanese Population

Polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) may predispose to lung cancer through deficient detoxification ‍of carcinogenic or toxic constituents in cigarette smoke, although previous results have been conflicting. Three GST ‍polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) were determined among 86 male patients with lung carcinomas and ‍88 healthy male subjects. We found no significant increase in the risk of lung cancer for any genotypes for the nulled ‍GSTM1 [odds ratio (OR)=2.0; 95% confidence interval (95% CI)= 0.8-5.3], the nulled GSTT1 (OR=2.0; 95% CI=0.8- ‍5.1) or the mutated (the presence of a Val-105 allele) GSTP1 (OR=0.96; 95% CI=0.4-5.5). The GST polymorphisms ‍alone may thus not be associated with susceptibility to lung carcinogenesis in male Japanese. However, individuals ‍with a concurrent lack of GSTM1 and GSTT1 had a significantly increased risk (OR=2.7; 95% CI=1.0-7.4) when ‍compared with those having at least one of these genes. No other combinations were associated with lung cancer ‍risk. These results suggest that there may be carcinogenic intermediates in cigarette smoke that are substrates for ‍both GSTM1 and GSTT1 enzymes and that lung cancer risk is increased for individuals who are doubly deleted at ‍GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene loci. Additional large studies are needed to confirm this observation.     

南京市人群NQO1、CYP1A1、mEH基因多态性与肺癌易感性研究

目的：探讨南京市人群人NQO1，CYP1SA1，mEH-exon3,mEH-exon4基因多态性与肺癌易感性的关系。方法：用病例－对照研究方法，收集南京市区原发性肺癌患者84例，其中鳞癌35例，腺癌49例，同时选择对照84例，采用PCR技术，对样本NDA进行NQO1，CYP1A1，mEH-exon3,mEH-exon4基因的检测，并分析各基因型与肺癌易感性的关系。结果：南京市区人群NQO1，CYP1A1和mEH-exon4与肺癌易感性没有明显关系。mEH-exon3基因型与肺鳞癌发生有关，野生型个体可降低肺鳞癌发病的风险（OR＝0．32，95％CI：0．0078－0．63），杂合型和突变型个体患肺鳞癌的危险性明显高于野生型个体（OR＝3．1，95％CI：0．08－6．12），考虑吸烟因素后，mEH-exon3基因型与吸烟者肺癌发生有关，野生型个体可使肺癌发病风险性降低（OR＝0．18，95％CI：0．06－0．29），杂合型和突变型个体患肺癌的危险性增高（OR＝5．66，95％CI：2．01－9．30）。结论：南京市人群中NQO1，CYP1A1，mEH基因的分布情况与国内外的相关报道存在一定差异；种族差异，地域不同可能是造成上述基因分布不同的重要原因，南京市人群中mEH-exon3基因杂合型和变型与肺鳞癌发生有关，与吸烟者肺癌发生关系更为密切。