高血压病患者的左室舒张功能与药物干预

采用正常对照及用苯那普利治疗４周前后自身对照的方法，以超声心动图测定３０例高血压病患者（高血压病组）和３３例健康人（对照组）心脏收缩功能（ＬＶＳＦ）指标和舒张功能（ＬＶＤＦ）指标，以观察苯那普利对高血压病患者心功能的影响。结果：高血压病组和对照组及高血压病组治疗前后收缩功能各指标的差异无显著性（Ｐ＞００５）；高血压病组和对照组舒张功能指标的差异有显著性（Ｐ＜００１）；治疗后舒张功能指标ＬＶＭＷ、ＥＰＳＳ、ＡＶ、ＡＦＦ较治疗前显著降低（Ｐ＜００１），ＭＶＶ、ＥＶ、ＲＦＦ、Ｅ／Ａ较前显著升高（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：苯那普利对高血压病患者的左室舒张功能有明显改善作用，但对收缩功能无影响，是优选的第一线降压药。     

高血压病患者的收缩压和舒张压与左心功能相关关系的研究

为了解收缩压（ＳＢＰ）、舒张压（ＤＢＰ）分别与左室收缩及舒张功能的相关关系，应用诊所血压及超声心动图方法观察３７４例高血压病患者。发现其收缩压与舒张早期充盈峰值流速（ＥＰＦＶ）呈明显负相关（Ｐ＜０．０５），与心房收缩期充盈峰值流速（ＡＰＦＶ）及Ａ／Ｅ比值呈明显正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５及０．０１）；舒张压与心输出量（ＣＯ）呈明显负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１），与舒张功能指标无相关关系。单纯性收缩期高血压组血清总胆固醇水平明显高于舒张期高血压组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。多元逐步回归分析显示在排除众多因素以后，收缩压与Ａ／Ｅ比值呈明显正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５），舒张压与年龄、ＣＯ呈明显负相关（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。结果提示：高血压病患者收缩压主要影响左室舒张功能，舒张压主要影响左室收缩功能     

超声心动图对扩张性心肌病患者左室舒张功能的评价

为评价超声心动图对扩张性心肌病（ＤＣＭ）患者左室舒张功能的诊断价值。方法：用超声心动图 和放射性核素显像（ＲＮＶ）对２０例ＤＣＭ患者和２０例同龄正常人的左室舒张功能进行对照分析。结果：ＤＣＭ组左室 舒张功能ＲＮＶ指标峰充盈率（ＰＦＲ）明显降低,同对照组比较差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）;超声指标二尖瓣血流频谱早 期充盈峰速度（νＥ）、晚期充盈峰速度（νＡ）、νＡ／νＥ等参数同对照组比较无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）,表现为“正常”。结 论：超声心动图舒张功能指标νＥ、νＡ、νＡ／νＥ不能真实反映ＤＣＭ患者的左室舒张功能。     

Macruz值和P波宽度及P波终末电势对判别高血压病左室结构和功能改变的作用

目的：比较心电图Ｍａｃｒｕｚ值（Ｐ／ＰＲ段）和Ｐ波宽度及Ｐ波终末电势（ＰＴＦＶ１）对判断高血压病左室结构和功能改变的作用。方法：测量８１例高血压病患者及３９例正常人Ｍａｃｒｕｚ值、Ｐ波宽度、ＰＴＦＶ１、左室重量指数（ＬＶＭＩ）、左室舒张早期充盈速度峰值（Ｅ峰）和晚期充盈速度峰值（Ａ峰）及Ａ／Ｅ值。结果：随左室肥厚（ＬＶＨ）的发生，Ｍａｃｒｕｚ值和ＰＴＦＶ１及Ｐ波宽度明显增大，且前二项指标与ＬＶＭＩ及Ａ／Ｅ中、高度相关；ＬＶＨ组中Ｍａｃｒｕｚ值异常率为７１．４％，高于ＰＴＦＶ１和Ｐ波宽度的异常率。结论：Ｍａｃｒｕｚ值和Ｐ波宽度及ＰＴＦＶ１三项指标从心电学角度反映了高血压时ＬＶＨ，其中Ｍａｃｒｕｚ值对反映高血压所致的舒张功能异常最为敏感。     

多普勒超声对高血压病左室舒张功能的研究

本文应用多普勒超声对５２例高血压病患者和３０例正常人的左室舒张功能进行了研究。结果表明：１、Ⅰ期高血压左空舒张功能开始减退。ＰＶＥ、ＰＶＡ、ＥＰＳＳ同正常组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。２、Ⅱ期较Ⅰ期高血压患者左室舒张功能减退更明显。ＰＶＥ、ＰＶＡ、ＥＩ、ＡＩ、ＥＰＳＳ较正常组有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），同时，两期高血压患者上述指标亦有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。３、ＰＶＥ、ＰＶＡ、ＥＰＳＳ可作为高血压病左室舒张功能受损及其程度的敏感指标。     

门电路心血池显像结合超声心动图评估原发性高血压病人的左室舒张功能

应用９９ｍＴｃ－ＲＢＣ门电路心血池显像（ＧＢＰＩ）结合超声心动图（ＵＣＧ）对１００例单纯原发性高血压（Ⅱ期）病人和４２例正常人进行左室舒张功能测定，发现：（１）高血压组的ＧＢＰＩ的最大充盈率（ＭＦＲ）与正常组比较显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）ＵＣＧ的Ａ／Ｅ比值，两组比较无显著差异，Ａ／Ｅ与ＬＶＭＩ或其他指标均无相关；（３）高血压组的ＭＦＲ低于正常均值（２．４１ＥＤＶ／Ｓ）的占８６％，其中ＬＶＭＩ高于正常值（男１００．２ｇ／ｍ２，女８６ｇ／ｍ２）的占８９．０％（７７／８６）；高血压组Ａ／Ｅ比值高于正常值（０．６９）的占６４％，其中ＬＶＭＩ高于正常值的占６２．５％。用ＧＢＰＩ的指标ＭＦＲ结合ＵＣＧ的指标Ａ／Ｅ比值来检测左室舒张功能，对原发性高血压的左室舒张功能的评估，有较大的实用价值，尤以ＭＦＲ指标更为可靠。     

门电路心血池显像结合超声心动图评估原发性高血压病人的左室…

应用＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＲＢＣ门电路心血池显像（ＧＢＰＩ）结合超声心动图（ＵＣＧ）对１００例单纯原发性高血压（Ⅱ期）病人和４２例正常人进行左室舒张功能测定，发现：（１）高血压组的ＧＢＰＩ的最大充盈率（ＭＦＲ）与正常组比较显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）ＵＣＧ的Ａ／Ｅ比值，两组比较无显著差异，Ａ／Ｅ与ＬＶＭＩ或其他指标均无相关；（３）高血压组的ＭＦＲ低于正常均值（２．４１ＥＤＶ／Ｓ）的占８６％，其中ＬＶＭ     

彩色多普勒超声对慢性肺心病左室收缩及舒张功能的研究

应用彩色多普勒超声心动图检测３５例正常人和３８例慢性肺原性心脏病患者左室射血分数（ＥＦ）、左室短轴缩短率（ＦＳ）、每搏输出量（ＳＶ）、每分输出量（ＣＯ）、心搏指数（ＳＩ）、心脏指数（ＣＩ）．以及二尖瓣血流频谱中舒张早期血流速度峰值（Ｅ峰）、舒张晚期血流过度峰值（Ａ峰）、Ａ／Ｅ比值、舒张早期二尖瓣前叶关闭速率（ＥＦ斜率）。结果显示：肺心病患者的ＥＦ、ＳＩ、ＣＯ较正常人降低，两组间均数比较，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＳＶ亦较正常人明显降低，两组间均数比较差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＣＩ有下降趋势。ＦＳ两组间均数比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。肺心病患者的Ａ峰值较正常人升高，两组间均数比较差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｅ峰值，ＥＦ斜率两组间均数比较无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．但肺心病组Ａ／Ｅ比值均数较正常人有增高趋势（０．１＞Ｐ＞０．０５），提示：慢性肺心病患者左室收缩及舒张功能均有所减退。     

运动~(99m)Tc-MIBI心肌断层显像肺摄取判断左室收缩功能异常的价值

目的探讨应用运动９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌断层显像肺摄取判断左室收缩功能异常的可靠性及临床价值。方法冠心病组３４例、对照组２７例于１周内完成运动心肌断层显像和平衡法核素心室显像。肺摄取用心肌断层显像中肺与心肌计数比值（ＬＨＲ）来表示，利用平衡法核素心室显像获得以下左室收缩功能指标：左室射血分数（ＬＶＥＦ）、高峰充盈率（ＰＥＲ）、平均充盈率（ＡＥＲ）、１／３射血期的射血分数（１／３ＥＦ）。结果运动ＬＨＲ与ＬＶＥＦ、ＡＥＲ、１／３ＥＦ呈负相关，ｒ值分别为－０．７１２、－０．６４１和－０．７２９，Ｐ均＜０．０１。运动ＬＨＲ判断左室收缩功能异常的敏感性为６１．９％，特异性为８１．２％，准确度为７３．５％。结论运动９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌断层显像中肺摄取（ＬＨＲ）可初步判断左室收缩功能异常，其重复性高，可靠性好，具有一定的临床价值     

PTFV1对老年冠心病心功能检测的意义

用Ｍｏｒｒｉｓ法检测了８０例老年冠心病患者与２０例老年健康的心电图Ｖ１导联Ｐ波终末电势（ＰＴＦＶ１），并与门控心血池显象检查进行对比和分析。结果显示：老年冠心病组ＰＴＦＶ１、左室整体射血分数（ＥＦ），右室高峰充盈率（ＰＦＲ）、房缩分数（ＡＳＦ）与老年健康组相比均显著异常；老年冠心病组ＰＦＦＶ１≤－０．０３／ｍｍ．ｓ者的ＥＦ、ＰＦＲ、ＡＳＦ的异常程度显著高ＰＴＦＶ１〉－０．０３ｍｍ．ｓ者，提示：ＰＴ     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.