探讨2种栓塞剂联合对34例子宫肌瘤介入治疗的疗效观察

目的 评价两种栓塞剂联合应用栓塞子宫动脉治疗子宫肌瘤的临床价值.方法 对34例有症状的子宫肌瘤患者进行选择性的子宫动脉造影及栓塞治疗,并进行术后临床观察.结果 症状改善率为92.7%(29/34),其中月经完全恢复正常者占88.7%(28/34),其他症状消失者占85.6%(27/34)栓塞后6个月全部得到随访,子宫肌瘤平均缩小53.4%.结论 两种栓塞联合剂联合应用栓塞子宫动脉治疗子宫肌瘤是一种安全有效的新技术,值得在临床推广.     

子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的护理

目的探讨双侧子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的护理方法。方法采用Seldinger技术作选择性子宫动脉栓塞治疗196例子宫肌瘤病人,经股动脉穿刺分别入双侧子宫动脉,经导管注入平阳霉素碘油乳剂和明胶海绵颗粒,阻断其血供,并加强临床护理。结果196例子宫肌瘤介入治疗均顺利完成。术后1~3月随防,188例月经量减少或恢复正常,B超显示肌瘤缩小并与术前对比,肌瘤体积平均缩小45%~62%;8例症状无明显改善,行妇科手术切除。10例未孕者有4例怀孕生子。结论子宫动脉栓塞术是治疗子宫肌瘤安全、可靠、有效的方法。选择性双侧子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤,疗效确切,创伤小,是治疗子宫肌瘤的新途径。充分的术前准备、密切的术中配合、及术后并发症的严密观察是护理的主要环节。心理护理贯穿整个护理过程。     

动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床研究

目的评价子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效。方法对32例子宫肌瘤患者采用改良的Seldinger's法经股动脉穿刺,导丝引入4F或5F Cobra引导下至子宫动脉开口,将PVA 250~355um微球、平阳霉素16mg、庆大霉素8万U依次注入。术后拔管并加压包扎,使用盐袋压迫伤口,常规应用3~5d抗生素,预防感染。结果32例患者术后每隔6个月复查1次,观察发现患者子宫及肌瘤体积与治疗前比较不断缩小(P<0.05),治疗后患者月经周期、月经血量及持续时间与治疗前有明显差异(P<0.05)。所有患者均未出现子宫坏死和盆腔感染等严重并发症。结论子宫动脉栓塞术作为一种新的技术用于治疗子宫肌瘤,既能保留子宫,又能缩小肌瘤、明显改善症状,且具有微创、并发症少、住院周期短等优点,值得临床进一步研究。     

子宫肌瘤动脉介入治疗

目的评价子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效和并发症. 方法对27例子宫肌瘤患者进行子宫动脉栓塞治疗,随访复查子宫、瘤体大小变化和临床症状、并发症的情况. 结果子宫动脉栓塞后随访3～18个月,有效率为92.6%(25/27).月经过多的改善率89.5%(17/19),痛经改善率88.9%(8/9),子宫体积减少48.9±15.6% (t=13.3921,p<0.001),肌瘤体积减少56.8±17.9%(t=14.6403,p<0.001);并发症发生情况:轻中度发热20/27(74.1%)、中重度腹痛5/27(18.5%)、月经周期缩短10/27(37.0%)、短暂性停经4/27(14.8%)、闭经2/27(7.4%).结论子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤安全、有效、损伤小.但栓塞前需行活检术排除恶性病变.     

超选择子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤

目的探讨超选择子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的方法及疗效.方法子宫肌瘤65例采用Seldinger技术经皮股动脉插管至双侧髂内动脉,造影了解肿瘤的血供来源后,超选至两侧子宫动脉,缓慢注入平阳霉素碘油乳剂或PVA微粒栓塞治疗.结果患者症状缓解率为93.2%,月经增多,痛经,尿频、尿急,贫血等1-3个月内恢复正常.并发症:除栓塞综合征外,可见阴道不规则流血,腰腿痛,可自行恢复.治疗后3-6个月肌瘤缩小率在30%-68%之间.中短期疗效较稳定,末见复发.治疗前后性激素水平变化无明显差异.结论子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤操作简单安全,疗效好.超选择子宫动脉插管其分支栓塞,并发症少,具有较大的临床应用价值.     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤伴月经过多的临床研究

目的:回顾分析24例子宫肌瘤伴月经过多患者入介治疗疗效和子宫动脉栓塞安全性.方法:选择24例子宫肌瘤伴月经过多患者进行子宫肌瘤供血动脉的栓塞.结果:插管栓塞动脉率100%,随访2年.治疗后1月,24例患者月经均明显减少,B超随访,3个月子宫肌瘤体积平均缩小30%.随访2年,其中2例行腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤经阴道摘除术,6例子宫肌瘤消失,16例子宫肌瘤体积平均缩小80%.结论:子宫肌瘤行介入治疗疗效肯定,对粘膜下子宫肌瘤及子宫肌瘤伴月经过多患者尤为适宜.     

应用三丙烯微球对豚鼠子宫肌瘤模型行子宫动脉栓塞的实验

背景:子宫动脉栓塞术作为治疗子宫肌瘤的重要手段已广泛应用于临床,疗效令人满意,但对子宫动脉栓塞术的基础研究目前尚处于起步阶段,理论系统尚不完善。应用新型栓塞剂三丙烯微球行豚鼠子宫肌瘤模型进行子宫动脉栓塞操作的相关文献报道作者尚未查到。目的:实验设计了以三丙烯微球进行豚鼠子宫肌瘤模型子宫动脉栓塞的可行性验证。方法:30只成年雌性豚鼠随机分为两组:盆腔动脉铸型组10只,用于行盆腔血管铸型术,了解雌性豚鼠子宫动脉起源、行程、长度、直径及分支等解剖学特征;子宫肌瘤模型动脉栓塞组20只,应用雌孕激素联合法诱导子宫肌瘤模型建立,并行双侧子宫动脉微球栓塞的技术研究及病理分析。结果与结论:双侧子宫动脉主干由髂内动脉发出,主干和弓状支的血管直径分别为(0.350±0.022)mm及(0.160±0.012)mm。子宫肌瘤模型动脉栓塞组20只豚鼠成功行双侧子宫动脉栓塞术。术中40~120μm及100~300μm三丙烯微球的用量分别为(0.040±0.005)mL和(0.017±0.002)mL。子宫肌瘤模型动脉栓塞组肌瘤成模率达75%。病理切片可见子宫动脉弓状支、浆膜下二级分支及部分三级分支动脉内均有栓塞微球存在。子宫肌层增厚,肌瘤结节处细胞呈栅栏状或编织状排列。栓塞后肌瘤缺血坏死明显,子宫肌层及内膜无缺血坏死病理改变。说明应用三丙烯微球行豚鼠子宫肌瘤模型动脉栓塞术具有可行性,栓塞效果良好。     

子宫动脉栓塞术用于治疗子宫肌瘤的护理总结

子宫肌瘤是育龄妇女生殖系统最常见的子宫良性肿瘤,尤其是35岁以上育龄妇女带瘤者为20%～25%,但大部分病人没有或仅有轻微症状而未进行诊疗.经皮超选择性子宫动脉栓塞治疗症状性子宫肌瘤,是近年来国内外开展的介入治疗新技术,与传统手术治疗方法相比,操作简单、安全,具有可保留子宫、损伤小、不需开腹,疗效确切,不良作用小等优点,从而得到了患者的认可[1].我院自2003年8月至2008年8月通过超选择性子宫动脉插管灌注平阳霉素碘油乳剂栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤病人220例,取得了良好疗效,现将护理体会总结如下.     

子宫肌瘤动脉介入治疗

目的　评价子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效和并发症 .方法　对 2 7例子宫肌瘤患者进行子宫动脉栓塞治疗 ,随访复查子宫、瘤体大小变化和临床症状、并发症的情况 .结果　子宫动脉栓塞后随访 3～ 18个月 ,有效率为92 .6 % (2 5 / 2 7) .月经过多的改善率 89.5 % (17/ 19) ,痛经改善率 88.9% (8/ 9) ,子宫体积减少 4 8.9± 15 .6 % (t =13.392 1,p<0 .0 0 1) ,肌瘤体积减少 5 6 .8± 17.9% (t =14 .6 4 0 3,p <0 .0 0 1) ;并发症发生情况 :轻中度发热 2 0 / 2 7(74 1% )、中重度腹痛 5 / 2 7(18.5 % )、月经周期缩短 10 / 2 7(37 0 % )、短暂性停经 4 / 2 7(14 .8% )、闭经 2 / 2 7(7.4 % ) .结论子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤安全、有效、损伤小 .但栓塞前需行活检术排除恶性病变 .     

子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的近期疗效分析

目的:研究子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的近期疗效.方法:选择2018年1月至2020年1月我院收治的120例子宫肌瘤患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各60例.观察组予以子宫动脉栓塞术治疗,对照组予以子宫全切除术治疗.比较观察组手术前后子宫体积与瘤体体积,比较两组手术前后血清指标及远期复发率.结果:观察组术后3、6m时子宫体积与瘤体体积均低于术前(P<0.05);术后两组基质金属蛋白酶2(Matrix metalloproteinase 2,MMP-2)、基质金属蛋白酶9(Matrix metalloproteinase 9,MMP-9)水平均低于术前,基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-2(Matrix metallo-proteinase inhibitor,TIMPS-2)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-9(Matrix metallo-proteinase inhibitor,TIMPS-9)水平均高于术前(P<0.05),两组组间比较无统计学差异;观察组治疗后0.5 y、1 y复发率、2 y复发率明显低于对照组(P<0.05).结论:子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤具有可靠的近期效果,能有效缩小患者子宫肌瘤体积的同时抑制肌瘤生长发展,对患者卵巢功能影响更小,2 y复发率明显更低,值得推广.     

Successful spontaneous pregnancy following surgical removal of a post uterine artery embolized necrotic fibroid capsule: a case report

Uterine artery embolization has been shown to be an effective treatment in controlling symptomatic uterine fibroids. Reports suggest that significant complications associated with the procedure are rare. However, data pertaining to preservation of fertility after embolization are scarce, and some authors do not advocate this procedure for women considering future pregnancy. We present a case of a post-embolization uterine cavity abnormality which was repaired surgically, followed by successful pregnancy outcome.     

Predictive factors for pelvic magnetic resonance in response to arterial embolization of a uterine leiomyoma

OBJECTIVE:

Minimally invasive methods are used as alternatives to treat leiomyomas and include uterine artery embolization, which has emerged as a safe, effective method. This study aims to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging predictors for a reduction in leiomyoma volume in patients undergoing uterine artery embolization.

METHODS:

This prospective longitudinal study was performed at a university hospital. We followed 50 symptomatic premenopausal women with uterine leiomyomas who underwent uterine artery embolization. We examined 179 leiomyomas among these patients. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed one month before and six months after uterine artery embolization. Two radiologists who specialized in abdominal imaging independently interpreted the images. Main Outcome Measures: The magnetic resonance imaging parameters were the uterus and leiomyomas volumes, their localizations, contrast perfusion pattern and node-to-muscle ratio.

RESULTS:

Six months after treatment, the average uterine volume reduction was 38.91%, and the leiomyomas were reduced by 55.23%. When the leiomyomas were submucosal and/or had a higher node-to-muscle ratio in the T2 images, the volume reduction was even greater (greater than 50%). Other parameters showed no association.

CONCLUSIONS:

We conclude that symptomatic uterine leiomyomas in patients undergoing uterine artery embolization exhibit volume reductions greater than 50% by magnetic resonance imaging when the leiomyomas are submucosal and/or had a high node-to-muscle ratio in the T2 images.     

子宫动脉栓塞术联合宫腔镜治疗 子宫黏膜下大肌瘤的效果

目的 探讨子宫黏膜下大肌瘤实施子宫动脉栓塞联合宫腔镜治疗的临床效果。方法 选择我院2017年1月~2018年7月收治的60例子宫黏膜下大肌瘤患者,随机分为宫腔镜组和联合组,各30例。宫腔镜组患者运用宫腔镜电切治疗,联合组在此基础上联合子宫动脉栓塞治疗,比较两组宫腔镜手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、治疗总有效率、术后并发症情况及术后3个月血红蛋白、月经量、月经时间变化情况。结果 联合组宫腔镜手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间及术后并发症发生率分别为（52.23±5.67）min、（32.29±5.38）ml、（12.83±2.18）h、6.67%,均低于宫腔镜组的（72.44±6.54）min、（75.46±4.53）ml、（22.15±4.23）h、26.67%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;联合组治疗总有效率为96.67%,高于宫腔镜组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;联合组术后3个月血红蛋白水平高于宫腔镜组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;联合组月经量、月经时间低于宫腔镜组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 子宫黏膜下大肌瘤实施子宫动脉栓塞联合宫腔镜治疗效果好,且可有效减轻手术创伤,降低术后并发症风险,促进患者术后恢复。     

Preoperative uterine artery embolization and evacuation in the management of cervical pregnancy: report of two cases.

Preoperative uterine artery embolization and cervical evacuation as conservative management of cervical pregnancy has been tried in recent years. However, cervical suturing, vasoconstrictor injection, or cervical ballooning was frequently used as an ancillary measures in those procedures in most of the previous studies. We report two cases of cervical pregnancy that were successfully treated with preoperative uterine artery embolization and removal of gestational material without ancillary procedures. Our therapeutic modality seems to be safe and effective for conservative management of cervical pregnancy.     

骨盆骨折出血动脉栓塞的解剖学基础

目的：了解骨盆动脉侧枝吻合特点，探讨骨盆骨折损伤血管的动脉栓塞的方法。方法：20具新鲜成人骨盆，采用前后双侧入路解剖，观察髂内外血管的走行特点、各动脉间的侧枝吻合情况。结果：骨盆动脉起点口径小于3mm的血管有闭孔动脉、髂腰动脉、骶外侧动脉。骨盆动脉起点口径3～5mm的血管有臀上动脉、臀下动脉、阴部内动脉。骨盆动脉起点口径大于5mm的血管有髂总动脉、髂内动脉、髂外动脉。距骨壁距离大于10mm的血管有髂总动脉、髂内动脉、髂外动脉。距骨壁距离小于10mm的血管有闭孔动脉、髂腰动脉、骶外侧动脉、臀上动脉、臀下动脉。骨盆动脉分支间有广泛的吻合支。结论：骨盆骨折动脉损伤应栓塞损伤的动脉及其主要的侧枝循环。     

Treatment outcomes of uterine artery embolization and laparoscopic uterine artery ligation for uterine myoma

In treating women with leiomyoma and who wish to preserve their uterus, laparoscopic uterine artery ligation or uterine artery embolization should be considered as possible options. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic uterine artery ligation and uterine artery embolization in treating uterine myoma. The treatment outcomes of 23 patients who underwent uterine artery embolization and 17 laparoscopic uterine artery ligation were evaluated. The uterine volume reduced 3 months after uterine artery embolization, but thereafter no significant changes were observed. On the other hand, the uterine volumes were only slightly reduced 3 months after laparoscopic uterine artery ligation, and slightly more reduced 6 months later. The average reduction in the case of laparoscopic uterine artery ligation was about 58.5%. After laparoscopic uterine artery ligation, 20% of the patients complained of vaginal spotting. Furthermore, the mechanism of volume reduction was evaluated using specimens obtained from a biopsy taken after each procedure. The results suggested that laparoscopic uterine artery ligation results mainly in physiologic cell death, that is apoptosis, whereas, the corresponding result is cell necrosis for uterine artery embolization. Uterine artery embolization and laparoscopic uterine artery ligation are both effective in relieving the symptoms caused by uterine myoma, and therefore both procedures can be used in place of hysterectomy or myomectomy.     

Management of Bleeding Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation with Bilateral Uterine Artery Embolization

Purpose

To evaluate the technical feasibility and clinical outcome of bilateral uterine artery embolization (UAE) as a first-line therapeutic option for bleeding uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM).

Materials and Methods

Between 2002 and 2012, 19 patients were diagnosed with acquired uterine AVM clinically and through imaging studies. The clinical characteristics, angiographic features, technical success rate of embolization, procedure-related complications, imaging, and clinical follow-up data were assessed. Clinical success was defined as immediate symptomatic resolution with disappearance of vascular abnormality on subsequent imaging studies.

Results

A total of 20 bilateral UAE, with or without embolization of extra-uterine feeders, were performed as the first-line treatment. Technical and clinical success rate was 90.0% (18/20) and 89.5% (17/19), respectively. Embolization was incomplete in two patients who had residual extra-uterine fine feeders to the AVM or a procedure-related complication (ruptured uterine artery); the former showed slow regression of the vascular malformation during the observation period, while the latter underwent a successful second bilateral UAE. Immediate clinical success was achieved in the remaining 17 patients after a single session and no recurrence of bleeding was found. Recovery to normal menstrual cycle was seen in all 17 patients with clinical success within one or two months, two of whom subsequently had uneventful intrauterine pregnancies carried to term.

Conclusion

Bilateral UAE is a safe and effective first-line therapeutic option for the management of bleeding uterine AVMs. However, incomplete embolization due to unembolizable feeders or difficult access into the uterine artery may lead to suboptimal treatment.     

三丙烯微球栓塞子宫动脉对子宫内膜血管的影响

背景：子宫动脉栓塞已广泛应用于临床治疗多种妇产科疾病,但对于子宫动脉栓塞后子宫内膜微血管密度的有何变化及新生血管的形成至今少有文献报道。 目的：观察子宫动脉栓塞对子宫内膜微血管密度及新生血管形成的影响。 方法：60只雌性豚鼠随机分为对照组(n=15)及子宫动脉栓塞组(n=45),子宫动脉栓塞组动物应用三丙烯微球行双侧子宫动脉栓塞。子宫动脉栓塞组再随机分为E1,E2及E3三个亚组(n=15),分别于子宫动脉栓塞后7-15 d,16-30 d及31-45 d内获取子宫标本。 结果与结论：常规病理染色显示豚鼠子宫动脉一级分支、浆膜下动脉支及子宫肌层微小动脉血管内均可见大小不等栓塞微球分布。子宫动脉栓塞豚鼠子宫内膜基底层微血管密度CD34在子宫动脉栓塞后降低,而后随时间的延长而增加(P < 0.05);而子宫动脉栓塞豚鼠子宫内膜基底层微血管密度CD105在子宫动脉栓塞后增加,而后随时间的延长而降低(P < 0.05)。提示随着栓塞后时间推延,新生微血管数量显著增加,基底层微血管密度有逐渐恢复趋势。     

Uterine arterial embolization for the treatment of uterine leiomyomas

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish guidelines for using uterine artery embolization for the treatment of uterine leiomyomas accompanied by adenomyosis in Korea. This study was performed to investigate 1) the effects of uterine embolization on leiomyoma accompanied by adenomyosis, 2) the outcome of uterine embolization according to the embolization materials used, 3) the relationship between the Resistance Index (RI) and the change in uterine volume. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study on 37 women who had uterine leiomyomas accompanied by adenomyosis. Bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed over a period of 17 months in 37 patients (age range 25 - 65) experiencing pain, hypermenorrhea, urinary frequency, etc. due to leiomyomas. Ultrasound imaging was performed before the procedure and at mean 6.9 months after the procedure. RESULTS: All procedures were technically successful. Mean clinical follow-up time was 12.8 months. Minor complications occurred in 82% patients following the procedure. After follow-up imaging, the median uterine volume decreased by 34.4% and the dominant myoma volume decreased by 86%. There was no statistical difference in the uterine volume reduction and the dominant myoma size reduction, whether the occluding agent was polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol plus gelfoam, or gelfoam, and whether the ultrasound measured Resistance Index value before the procedure was low or high. CONCLUSION: Primary candidates for uterine artery embolization include those with symptomatic uterine leiomyomas, who no longer desire fertility, but who wish to avoid surgery or are poor surgical risks. According to the results of our study, adenomyosis should not be considered as a contraindication for uterine artery embolization. However, because little data is available about the subsequent reproductive potential following this procedure, it should not be routinely advocated for infertile women. Further investigation is warranted regarding the choice of occluding agent and the role of the Resistance Index.     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗产后大出血的临床应用

目的评价应用子宫动脉栓塞手术治疗产后大出血的临床应用价值。方法26例产后大出血患者行子宫动脉栓塞手术,超选择插管进入双侧子宫动脉及侧支供血血管,造影证实后,注入明胶海绵颗粒予以栓塞,重复造影,证实栓塞成功。结果26例患者共栓塞子宫动脉51支,侧支供血血管3支,全部栓塞成功,21例患者术后即时止血,5例患者出血逐渐停止,无一例出血复发,无一例严重并发症发证。结论子宫动脉栓塞手术治疗产后大出血,即时、准确,疗效高,创伤小,恢复快,并发症少,保留了子宫、卵巢正常的生理功能,有利于患者的身心健康,具有较高的临床应用价值。