脑干三叉神经诱发电位对三叉神经痛微血管减压术的应用研究

目的 评价三叉神经痛微血管减压术前、后三叉神经的传导功能变化，探讨脑干三叉神经诱发电位对三叉神经痛微血管减压术的指导及其对手术预后的评估，探讨微血管减压术的可能机制。方法 14例经术前核磁共振斜矢状位成像证实有神经血管压迫的三叉神经痛的病人，在微血管减压过程中，通过术前、中、后记录早期头皮诱发电位监测三叉神经传导功能。结果 所有病例的术前头皮诱发电位均呈潜伏期延长与波幅降低的改变，显示三叉神经根部的传导功能损害。脑干三叉神经诱发电位证实微血管减压术后，14例病人三叉神经传导功能迅速恢复，术后疼痛均缓解。结论 微血管减压术后三叉神经痛的改善，常与神经生理学数值恢复正常有关，提示神经传导功能的恢复。微血管减压术后电生理参数值的迅速恢复及疼痛缓解，证明这两种现象与髓鞘再生无关。脑干三叉神经诱发电位预测微血管减压术的效果是可靠的。     

三叉神经痛脑干三叉神经诱发电位波形特征及微血管减压术后变化

目的研究三叉神经痛脑干三叉神经诱发电位(BTEP)波形特征,及微血管减压术(MVD)后波形变化。方法对10例三叉神经V2支疼痛病人行MVD手术,收集MVD前后BTEP电位波形,观察波形分化,记录潜伏期、波形持续时间,并观察病人术后疗效。结果 10例病人中,术前7例W2、W3波形消失,减压术后5例出现波形分化差;2例出现波形分化差,减压术后潜伏期缩短。术后10例病人疼痛症状均缓解。结论三叉神经痛病人BTEP电位异常,MVD术后BTEP电位波形改善。BTEP监测可用来指导MVD。     

脑干三叉神经诱发电位的电生理学特征

目的研究脑干三叉神经诱发电位（BTEP）的波形特征。方法选择全麻开颅手术非三叉神经痛病人20例,采用针形电极刺激其三叉神经周围支,在头顶记录BTEP波形,统计潜伏期、波幅和波间期。结果本组均可记录到W1、W2、W3三个波形,其中W1为高幅三相波,W2、W3为单相负波。在一定范围内,随着刺激强度增大,W1、W2、W3波幅增大而潜伏期不变。结论采用针形电极刺激能获得满意的BTEP波形,为进一步研究三叉神经痛病人在微血管减压术前后BTEP的变化提供依据。     

三叉神经诱发电位对原发性三叉神经痛的临床及预后评价的研究

目的 :探讨原发性三叉神经痛的三叉神经体感诱发电位 (BTEP)的特点及临床意义。方法 :采用美国Nicoletspirit多导诱发电位仪 ,对 2 3例原发性三叉神经痛患者进行患侧和健侧的BTEP检查 ,并对结果进行对比分析 ,同时设置 12例正常人的BTEP做为对照。结果 :BTEP提示患侧三叉神经的短潜伏期延长、波幅降低 ,与健侧比较有显著差异 (P <0 0 1) ,BTEP的变化与原发性三叉神经痛的病程长短及临床表现严重程度相关。结论 :BTEP有助于原发性三叉神经痛的定性及定量诊断 ,能指导治疗及预后评价     

三叉神经诱发电位对原发性三叉神经痛的临床及预后评价的研究

目的：探讨原发性三叉神经痛的三叉神经体感诱发电位（BTEP）的特点及临床意义。方法：采用美国Nicolet spirit多导诱发电位仪，对23例原发性三叉神经痛患者进行患侧和健侧的BTEP检查，并对结果进行对比分析，同时设置12例正常人的BTEP做为对照。结果：BTEP提示患侧三叉神经的短潜伏期延长、波幅降低，与健侧比较有显著差异（P＜0．01），BTEP的变化与原发性三叉神经痛的病程长短及临床表现严重程度相关。结论：BTEP有助于原发性三叉神经痛的定性及定量诊断，能指导治疗及预后评价。     

脑干三叉神经诱发电位研究进展

脑干三叉神经诱发电位 (BTEP)是反应皮层下三叉神经感觉通路传导功能的客观指标。近年来 ,BTEP在疾病诊断、昏迷预后评定及手术监护等领域日益显现出重要性 ,成为又一研究热点。本文就近年来BTEP的研究进展作一综述。     

脑干三叉神经诱发电位的特征及临床应用研究

目的　探讨正常人脑干三叉神经诱发电位 (BTEP)的波形特征及三叉神经系统病变时BTEP的变化。方法　对 3 0名正常成人进行BTEP检测 ,确定正常值标准 ,并与 2 5例确诊为三叉神经系统病变患者的BTEP检查结果进行比较。结果　 3 0名正常人均记录到清晰、稳定的BTEP反应波。病例组 2 5例中BTEP异常 14例 ( 5 6% ) ,其中双侧异常 6例。 9例有面部感觉障碍者中 8例BTEP异常 ,16例无面部感觉障碍者 6例异常。 5例经脑外科手术证实的脑桥小脑角肿瘤患者 4例异常。 7例行射频治疗者 ,手术前后BTEP无明显变化。周围性病变时 ,BTEP主要表现为T1、T2 波消失或潜伏期延长 ,T1～T3波波间潜伏期差值 (IPLD)延长。中枢性病变时T3、T5波消失或低波幅 ,T1～T5、T2 ～T5波IPLD延长。结论　用无伤害性刺激在正常人可引导出稳定的BTEP反应波。三叉神经系统周围神经和脑干中枢部分病变时 ,BTEP变化明显。BTEP为评价三叉神经周围结构和脑干中枢神经通路功能 ,提供了一个新的、可靠的电生理学方法。     

脑干血管病的脑干三叉神经诱发电位的研究

目的：探讨脑干血管病的脑干三叉神经诱发电位（BTEP）改变及其临床价值。方法：对28例脑干脑血管（出血12例,梗死16例）进行BTEP检测,同时检测干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）,并结合临床资料进行分析。结果：28例脑干血管病患者BTEP正常7例、异常21例（75％）,其中双侧异常13例、单侧异常8例,异常BTEP主要表现为T3、T5波形消失、波幅低下,或峰潜伏期延长,T1－T3、T1－T5波同期延长,BTEP的变化与病情相关,,且较BAEP更灵敏。结论：BTEP可作为评价脑干血管病引起的脑干细胞损伤的可靠电生理学方法。     

三叉神经痛患者的三叉神经诱发电位探讨

目的:探讨三叉神经痛患者脑干三叉神经诱发电位(BTEP)的波形特征及其临床价值。方法:对50例三叉神经痛患者进行BTEP检测。结果:50例三叉神经痛患者,正常10例,异常40例.BTEP异常率80%。疼痛侧异常包括双侧异常37例,疼痛侧异常明显高于对侧。异常BTEP主要表现为T2、T3波形消失或分化欠佳,波幅低下,或峰潜伏期延长,IPLI)延长。BTEP的变化与病情相关,病情越重、病程越长BTEP异常越明显。结论:BTEP可作为检测三叉神经痛患者的一种电生理方法。     

三叉神经痛微血管减压术后神经传导功能的恢复

目的 评价三叉神经痛(TN)微血管减压术(MVD)前后三叉神经的功能恢复.方法 本文研究了38例经磁共振三维层析血管成像术(MRTA)证实有神经血管接触的TN患者,在MVD过程中,通过术前、中、后记录早期头皮诱发电位监测三叉神经传导功能;同时从三叉神经出脑干区(REZ)直接记录诱发电位作为对照研究.结果 所有病例的术前头皮诱发电位均显示三叉神经根部的传导功能损害.头皮诱发电位和根部直接记录电位证实MVD后32例患者三叉神经传导功能迅速恢复,所有患者术后疼痛均缓解.结论 MVD后TN的改善常与神经生理学数值恢复正常有关,提示神经传导功能的恢复.MVD后电生理数值的迅速恢复和疼痛缓解均证明这两种现象与髓鞘再生无关.     

支架成形术治疗椎基底动脉冗扩性三叉神经痛1例

目的总结血管内治疗椎基底动脉冗扩（VBD）致三叉神经痛的经验。方法对1例VBD致三叉神经痛病例采用多支架植入治疗,并对比分析手术前后MRI表现,探讨其可能的治疗机制。结果术后病人三叉神经痛明显改善,冗扩血管段支架内血流增快,支架外血流淤滞,血栓形成。结论支架植入后的局部血液动力学改变可能是三叉神经痛缓解的基础,支架成形术治疗VBD致三叉神经痛值得尝试。     

Idiopathic and symptomatic trigeminal pain.

The trigeminal reflexes (corneal reflex, blink reflex, masseter inhibitory periods, jaw-jerk) and far field scalp potentials (nerve, root, brainstem, subcortical) evoked by percutaneous infraorbital stimulation were recorded in 30 patients with "idiopathic" trigeminal neuralgia (ITN) and 20 with "symptomatic" trigeminal pain (STP): seven postherpetic neuralgia, five multiple sclerosis, four tumour, two vascular malformation, one Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, and one traumatic fracture. All the patients with STP and two of those with ITN had trigeminal reflex abnormalities; 80% of patients with STP and 30% of those with ITN had evoked potential abnormalities. The results indicate that 1) trigeminal reflexes and evoked potentials are both useful in the examination of patients with trigeminal pain, and in cases secondary to specific pathologies provide 100% sensitivity; 2) in "symptomatic" and "idiopathic" paroxysmal pain the primary lesion affects the afferent fibres in the proximal portion of the root or the intrinsic portion in the pons; 3) primary sensory neurons of the A-beta fibre group are involved in both paroxysmal and constant pain, but in the latter the damage is far more severe.     

Trigeminal neuralgia due to multiple sclerosis: ultrastructural findings in trigeminal rhizotomy specimens

Trigeminal neuralgia is a well-recognized complication of multiple sclerosis. In patients with neuralgia not responding to medical treatment or transcutaneous ablative procedures, the pain can often be treated successfully by partial rhizotomy of the trigeminal sensory root. We have examined partial trigeminal rhizotomy specimens from six multiple sclerosis patients, aged between 34 and 77 years, with intractable trigeminal neuralgia lasting between 18 months and 11 years. The rhizotomy specimens were placed in buffered glutaraldehyde immediately after resection, and subsequently processed for electron microscopy. In all cases, this revealed demyelination in the proximal (CNS) part of the nerve root, with associated gliosis and variable inflammation. A consistent feature was the presence of clusters of juxtaposed axons without intervening glial processes. Similar juxtaposition of axons was previously observed in trigeminal neuralgia due to vascular compression of the nerve root. Experimental studies indicate that this arrangement of demyelinated axons is conducive to both spontaneous impulse activity and ephaptic spread of excitation. The demyelination and associated juxtaposition of axons may therefore account for key aspects of the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia.     

微血管减压治疗三叉神经痛

目的:观察微血管减压术对三叉神经痛的治疗效果。方法:将30例患三叉神经痛的病人行微血管减压术。术中发现26例有明确压迫血管。将压迫神经的血管用小绦纶片隔开,使之距神经5mm以上,未发现明确压迫血管的4例将附着在神经表面的静脉电灼切断之,同时将三叉神经感觉根的2/3切断。结果:26例疼痛完全消失,4例疼痛明显减轻。结论:微血管减压术是治疗三叉神经痛的较为理想的方法。     

Evoked potentials in trigeminal neuralgia associated with multiple sclerosis

A 49-year-old man with definite multiple sclerosis suffered an episode of right-sided trigeminal neuralgia (TN) of two weeks' duration, unaccompanied by any other clinical symptoms or signs of exacerbation. Serial evoked potentials, obtained before, during, and after TN, demonstrated developing abnormalities in brain-stem auditory evoked potentials from the right ear that disappeared in a delayed fashion after the clinical symptoms of TN had subsided. This rare combination of clinical and electrophysiologic abnormalities suggests a pontine demyelinating plaque involving the right trigeminal sensory root and the right lateral lemniscus.     

微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛

目的提出微血管减压术是治疗原发性三叉神经痛的最佳手术方式。方法报告了12例原发性三叉神经痛患者行微血管减压术,其中11例发现三叉神经入脑干区动脉压迫神经根,将压迫血管与神经根分离,在其间植入纤维蛋白海绵或聚四氟乙烯片维持分离状态,术后除1例疼痛减轻外,其余疼痛完全缓解,另1例术中未发现责任血管,但在神经根远侧段发现有粘连,将粘连松解,使神经根游离。结果所有患者术后疼痛减轻或缓解,所有病例无并发症。结论微血管减压术治疗原发性三叉神经痛是去除病因的手术方式,对已行微血管减压术后复发的患者再次行微血管减压术亦可获得满意疗效,作者还认为,神经内镜辅助微血管减压术顺应了当今微侵袭外科的趋势,将有望被更多地用来治疗原发性三叉神经痛。     

Intracranial stimulation of the trigeminal nerve in man. III. Sensory potentials.

Percutaneous electrical stimulation of the trigeminal root was performed in 18 subjects undergoing surgery for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia or implantation of electrodes into Meckel's cave for recording of limbic epileptic activity. All subjects had normal trigeminal reflexes and evoked potentials. Sensory action potentials were recorded antidromically from the supraorbital (V1), infraorbital (V2) and mental (V3) nerves. In the awake subject, sensory potentials were usually followed by myogenic artifacts due to direct activation of masticatory muscles or reflex activation of facial muscles. In the anaesthetised and curarised subject, sensory potentials from the three nerves showed 1.4-2.2 ms onset latency, 1.9-2.7 ms peak latency and 17-29 microV amplitude. Sensory conduction velocity was computed at the onset latency (maximum CV) and at the peak latency (peak CV). On average, maximum and peak CV were 52 and 39 m/s for V1, 54 and 42 m/s for V2 and 54 and 44 m/s for V3. There was no apparent difference in CV between subjects with trigeminal neuralgia and those with epilepsy. A significant inverse correlation was found between CV and age, the overall maximum CV declining from 59 m/s (16 years) to 49 m/s (73 years). This range of CV is compatible both with histometric data and previous electrophysiological findings on trigeminal nerve conduction. Intraoperative intracranial stimulation is also proposed as a method of monitoring trigeminal function under general anaesthesia.