共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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目的 了解短肠综合征患者行家庭肠外营养的真实体验,为临床制订有效的护理干预方案提供依据。方法 目的抽样法选取12例短肠综合征行家庭肠外营养患者,对其进行半结构式访谈,并用Colaizzi 7步法分析资料。结果 提炼出3个主题:家庭肠外营养的积极体验(改善营养状况、获得家庭归属感、自我管理意识及能力增强);家庭肠外营养的消极体验(睡眠障碍、活动受到限制、伴随和/或潜在的并发症、负性心理情绪);家庭肠外营养患者的需求(对专业医护人员培训及指导的需求、对医疗资源及政策支持的需求)。结论 医护人员应重视患者的负性体验,通过有效干预方法解决患者在家庭肠外营养支持过程中出现的问题,以保障家庭肠外营养支持顺利安全实施。 相似文献
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短肠综合征患者的肠道代偿及康复治疗 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 总结短肠综合征(SBS)的治疗经验。方法 分析38例SBS患者的治疗过程,随访其目前饮食情况,肠外营养(PN)或肠内营养(EN)的时间,了解并发症情况,对部分患者作有关检测,并联合应用生长激素(GH)和谷氨酰胺(GLN)治疗,采用稳定核素示踪检测残余肠道对单糖、脂肪酸及氨基酸的吸收情况。结果 本组患者死亡5例;存活33例,存活时间为6个月~17年,平均(5.9±4.3)年。目前有3例长期接受家庭PN,6例需部分或间歇性接受PN或EN补充,完全摆脱PN的有24例,其平均摆脱PN的时间为(9.5±6.6)个月。GH加GLN治疗只能在短时间内促进残余肠道对营养物质的吸收能力。结论 经过合适的肠道康复治疗,大多数SBS患者残留肠道能充分代偿,可完全摆脱PN或减少PN用量,长期健康地生存。 相似文献
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短肠综合征的肠外营养支持治疗 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
报告8例短肠综合征肠外营养支持。腹泻期平均51.4天,腹泻量平均3.8L/d,TPN供热30Kcal/kg,糖脂热卡比为1∶1,非蛋白热卡∶氮为150(Kcal)∶1(g),TPN平均持续49.4天。腹泻量<2.5L/d则逐渐过渡为口服肠内营养制剂。据腹泻量及血生化检查,确定K+、Na+及HCO-3输入量,矫正低钾、低钠及代谢性酸中毒。回肠广泛切除要补钙、镁、磷制剂。本组无1例死亡。对肠外营养支持在短肠综合征的治疗价值及具体实施进行了讨论。 相似文献
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短肠综合征的肠内营养支持 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨短肠综合征患者肠内营养支持的临床意义、疗效及注意事项。方法回顾性总结1999至2005年收治的40例短肠综合征患者的临床资料。所有患者均存活至今,并随访2年以上。统计分析其肠内营养用量、费用、脱离肠外营养时间及目前营养状况。结果40例患者平均残存小肠(50.8±29.4)cm,脱离肠外营养平均时间为(29.1±9.2)个月。肠内营养用量为(3284.0±1408.8)kJ/d,其费用显著低于肠外营养(P〈0.01)。目前本组患者平均体质指数为(17.8±3.2)kg,/m^2,血红蛋白(113.3±14.8)g/L,血清白蛋白(35.0±4.1)g/L。平均大便次数为(3.4±1.7)次/d,平均大便量为(720.2±350.3)ml/d。结论肠内营养对于维持短肠综合征患者营养状况、减少并发症具有重要意义,但在具体实施时需掌握方法。 相似文献
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短肠综合征的外科治疗 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
方善德 《中国实用外科杂志》1999,19(6):329-331
短肠综合征(shortbowelsyndrome,SBS)是小肠被广泛切除后残留小肠未能维持生理代谢所引起的病征。临床表现为腹泻、脂肪泻、营养不良及体重明显下降,也可因胆酸池变小、肠源性高草酸而出现胆系及泌尿系结石。SBS的治疗包括非手术治疗和手术治... 相似文献
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肠康复治疗和短肠综合征 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
目的探讨对短肠综合征患者进行肠康复治疗的策略。方法采用文献复习的方法对肠康复治疗在短肠综合征患者中的应用加以综述。结果肠康复治疗是指重建肠道功能从而摆脱肠外营养的过程,通常包括膳食和内科保守治疗手段,有时还包括外科治疗。最近的研究显示,药物治疗、特需营养素、生长因子等的使用促进了肠代偿和吸收功能。结论肠康复治疗有益于短肠综合征患者的恢复,并将发挥更重要的作用。 相似文献
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正常人的小肠为3~5m,有人认为,切除小肠70%或更多才会出现短肠综合征(short bowel syndrome,SBS)[1],但如果剩余肠道合并有其他疾病,如克隆病或缺血,其代偿能力将降低,因此出现SBS时切除小肠的长度因人而异。 相似文献
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目的探讨短肠综合征病人的营养支持以及肠道代偿、康复治疗体会。方法回顾性分析1986~2005年复旦大学附属中山医院64例短肠综合征病人治疗过程及随访情况,其中26例联合应用生长激素[GH,每天(0.10±0.06)mg/kg]和谷氨酰胺[GLN,每天(0.30±0.17)g/kg]进行肠道促代偿治疗。结果64例病人中死亡6例,存活58例,存活时间3个月至19年,平均(6.6±9.4)年。9例长期接受家庭肠外营养(HPN),13例接受部分PN或肠内营养(EN)支持,完全摆脱PN者36例,平均摆脱PN的时间为(8.6±14.2)个月。26例接受GH GLN治疗的SBS病人,其中9例(34.6%)治疗后近期内完全摆脱PN;8例(30.8%)经治疗后明显减少了PN用量[从每周需要PN支持(6.5±1.0)d下降至(4.2±1.0)d,每周PN需要量从(13.6±5.2)L降至(8.2±3.3)L];9例(34.6%)在治疗后仍依赖PN支持。64例共发生286次各种并发症。结论经过适宜的营养支持和肠道促代偿治疗,大多数短肠综合征病人的残留肠道可充分代偿,完全摆脱PN或减少PN用量,长期健康存活。 相似文献
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目的研究短肠综合征患者血清游离氨基酸水平的变化规律,指导短肠患者的营养支持。方法对17例短肠综合征患者于入院时检测17种血游离氨基酸水平,并选择15例健康志愿者为对照组。结果 17种氨基酸中,短肠综合征患者血清缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、胱氨酸、组氨酸水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05),短肠综合征患者支链氨基酸水平(381± 124)μmol/L、必需氨基酸水平(1895±460)μmol/L及必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸比值(0.4±0.1)均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论短肠综合征患者氨基酸及必需氨基酸均缺乏,在营养支持时需增加必需氨基酸的给予。 相似文献
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Wales PW de Silva N Kim JH Lecce L Sandhu A Moore AM 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2005,40(5):755-762
Background
To date, our knowledge of morbidity and mortality in neonatal short bowel syndrome (SBS) is based on individual case series. Shortcomings of the published literature include long patient recruitment time, selection bias, variable SBS definitions, failure to account for gestational age, and incomplete follow-up. By applying more rigorous methodology, our aim was to determine outcomes of SBS neonates compared with a control group of neonates without SBS.Methods
A cohort study of all neonates with abdominal pathology requiring laparotomy between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 1998, with observation through July 1, 2001. Short bowel syndrome was defined as patients requiring parenteral nutrition for more than 42 days or residual small bowel length of less than 25% predicted by gestational age. Student's t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and χ2 were used where appropriate. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to determine cumulative survival. Covariates important in the development of SBS were examined using forward step-wise logistic regression.Results
There were 175 patients (with SBS = 40, without SBS = 135) with a mean gestational age of 30.7 ± 4.6 weeks vs 35.9 ± 4.8 weeks, respectively (P < .0005). The patients with SBS suffered significantly more morbidity than the group without SBS in all categories of investigation (surgical complications, septic events, central venous line complications, duration to adaptation and parenteral nutrition independence, cholestasis and liver failure, and duration of hospitalization). The case fatality rate was 37.5% in patients with SBS vs 13.3% in patients without SBS (P = .001). Most of the deaths were caused by liver failure or sepsis and occurred within 1 year from the date of surgery. Presence of an ileostomy (exp(B) = 12.29; P < .0005) and a residual small bowel length less than 50% of the original length (exp(B) = 26.84; P < .0005) were the only 2 variables in a logistic regression analysis found to be independently associated with the development of SBS.Conclusion
This cohort study clearly illustrates the tremendous morbidity experienced by infants with SBS relative to other surgical neonates. Accurate estimates of the morbidity associated with SBS enables clinicians to appropriately counsel parents, allocate resources and initiate therapeutic trials. 相似文献16.
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目的 研究目前常用的4种能量消耗估测公式在评估短肠综合征患者静息能量消耗(REE)时的准确性以及静息能量消耗与人体成分指标的相关性.方法 以2001年1月至2010年10月收治的短肠综合征患者为研究对象.全部病例41例,其中男性30例,女性11例;年龄18~60岁,平均(37±16)岁;平均身高(164.3 ±9.0)cm;平均体质量(47.0±9.3)kg;平均残余小肠(52±45)cm.所有患者均需要行长期肠外或肠内加肠外营养支持治疗.采用间接能量代谢检测仪检测患者REE,同时使用目前常用的4种REE估测公式(HB、SR、FAO、LIU)对患者进行REE估测,并评价两者间差异.利用人体成分分析仪对患者进行身体成分分析.结果 全部患者实测REE的平均值为(1218 ±293)Kcal,与4种计算公式估测REE值均有相关性,相关系数分别为:HB(r=0.588,P<0.01),SR(r=0.591,P<0.01),FAO(r=0.411,P<0.01),LIU(r=0.585,P<0.01).实测REE和4种估测REE进行配对t检验的结果 显示,在总样本中,实测REE值与HB、SR和FAO公式估测值的差异无统计学意义(均P<0.05),但比LIU公式估测值高出14.17%(P<0.01).实测REE与体质量、无脂体质量、体细胞总体有显著相关性,相关系数分别为0.548、0.641和0.581.结论 评估短肠综合征患者REE时应首选间接能量代谢检测仪,在没有条件使用该检测仪而需利用估测公式评估时,应尽量避免使用LIU公式,而应选择SR公式进行评估.短肠综合征患者的REE与体质量、无脂体质量、体细胞总体均有相关性,其中无脂体质量的相关性最高.Abstract: Objectives To determine the accuracy of resting energy expenditure (REE) calculated by using the Harris-Benedict(HB) equation, Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization/ United Nations University (FAO/WHO/UNU) equations (FAO equations) , Shizgal-Rosa (SR) equation and the LIU equation in patients with short bowel syndrome(SBS). In addition, to explore the relationship between measured REE and body weight, fat free mass, body cell mass, fat mass and fat mass percent. Methods Fourty-one SBS patients including 30 male and 11 female, aged from 18 to 60 years admitted between January 2001 and October 2010 were enrolled in this study. All patients required long-term parenteral or enteral plus parenteral nutrition support Their mean age and mean stature were (37 ± 16) years and (164. 3 ± 9. 0) cm, and the average body weight and residual small intestine was (47.4 ± 9. 3) kg and (52 ±45) cm. Measured REEs and calculated REEs of SBS patients were estimated respectively by indirect calorimetry and REE equations, and then defined the difference of them. And body mass were metered by body composition analyzer. Results A significant correlation was found between measured REEs (1218 ± 293) Kcal and calculated REEs from the HB equation (r = 0. 588, P < 0.01), the SR equations (r = 0.591,P<0.01), the FAO equations (r=0.411 ,P<0.01) and the LIU equation (r=0.585,P<0.01).In the total sample, the paired t test between measured REEs and REEs derived from the HB equation,SR equation and FAO equation showed no significant difference (P > 0. 05). However, measured REEs were significantly higher than REEs calculated using the LIU equations by 14. 17% (P <0. 01). There was also a significant correlation between measured REEs and body weight, fat free mass and body cell mass (r = 0. 548,0. 641 and 0. 581). Conclusions Indirect calorimetry is preferred when an accurate REE estimate of SBS patients is necessary. However, if this machine is not available, SR equation is recommended to use and LIU equation must be avoided. Fat free mass may be more useful than body weight in REE calculation. 相似文献
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短肠综合征康复治疗的实验研究和临床应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
目的观察应用重组人生长激素、谷氨酰胺和膳食纤维行康复治疗的实验动物及短肠综合征患者的治疗效果。方法 30只大鼠分为对照组、短肠组和生长激素 (growthhormone ,GH)组 ,短肠组和GH组切除 80 %小肠 ,GH组术后第 1天开始注射GH 1U·kg-1·d-1,共 2 8d ;9例患者残存小肠长度为 (4 4± 2 4)cm ,其中 3例无完整结肠。结果S期细胞比率系数、增殖指数和增殖细胞核抗原表达的增强表明外源性GH可明显促进残存小肠粘膜的增殖 ,GH的作用机理可能与原癌基因C jun表达的改变有关。康复治疗后 9例患者营养状况和残存肠管吸收功能均明显改善 ,8例患者进行了随访 ,75 %的患者完全脱离肠外营养 ,2 5 %的患者需间断肠外营养补充。结论康复治疗为短肠综合征提供了一个新的有效的治疗方法 相似文献
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Sona Sehgal Anthony D. Sandler A Alfred Chahine Parvati Mohan Clarivet Torres 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(10):1989-1995