贫血对急性B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术预后影响

目的探讨贫血对急性B型主动脉夹层(ATBAD)患者行腔内修复术(TEVAR)预后的影响。方法回顾性分析自2002年6月至2022年2月于北部战区总医院行TEVAR的1341例胸主动脉扩张性疾病患者的临床资料,最终纳入785例患者为研究对象。根据术前血红蛋白水平将患者分为贫血组(n=86)与非贫血组(n=699)。比较两组患者近期与远期临床不良事件发生情况。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法。将基线数据中存在差异的指标纳入COX多因素风险比例回归模型,对远期随访事件进行校正。结果贫血组近期全因死亡发生率、主动脉源性死亡发生率、新发急性肾功能衰竭发生率高于非贫血组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。贫血组远期全因死亡发生率、新发卒中发生率、总体临床不良事件发生率、再次TEVAR发生率均高于非贫血组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。经过COX多因素风险比例回归模型校正后,贫血组全因死亡发生率、新发卒中发生率、总临床不良事件发生率、再次TEVAR发生率高于非贫血组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论ATBAD贫血患者行TEVAR后近期、远期临床不良事件发生率增加,预后较差,在诊疗过程中需要关注患者肾功能及脑卒中。     

腔内修复或药物治疗稳定型B型主动脉夹层

目的 比较胸主动脉腔内修复术(TEVAR)联合药物及单纯药物在稳定型Standford B型主动脉夹层治疗中的价值,探讨稳定型B型主动脉夹层治疗策略.方法 回顾性分析2004年至2015年收治的118例明确诊断为稳定型B型主动脉夹层患者临床资料,其中接受TEVAR联合药物治疗(TEVAR组)57例,单纯药物治疗(药物组)61例.分别统计1个月内、随访期并发症和死亡率,Kaplan-Meier生存曲线比较两组生存率.结果 术后1个月内及住院期间主要并发症发生率、死亡率,TEVAR组分别为5.2％、0％,药物组均为0％.术后随访1～110个月,平均(43.3±36.7)个月,主要并发症、死亡率在TEVAR组分别为7.0％、5.3％,药物组分别为6.6％、8.1％;术后1、2、4、7年累积生存率在TEVAR组分别为100％、97.1％、93.5％、78.0％,药物组分别为98.4％、96.4％、90.8％、72.7％,两组间差异无统计学意义(x2=0.019,P=0.890).结论 与单纯药物治疗相比,TEVAR术治疗稳定型Standford B型主动脉夹层可降低假腔扩展率,但有手术相关并发症,并不能提高生存率.     

急性B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术后远端裂口选择性处理的疗效分析

目的 探讨急性B型主动脉夹层(ATBAD)胸主动脉腔内修复术(TEVAR)后选择性处理胸主动脉远端裂口的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性搜集TEVAR术后存在胸主动脉远端裂口的ATBAD患者资料，根据是否处理胸主动脉段远端裂口将其分为处理组和对照组，统计两组患者的基线资料、主动脉重塑数据和主动脉相关不良事件发生情况，总结分析选择性处理胸主动脉远端裂口的疗效。结果 共纳入74例ATBAD患者，处理组38例，均封堵胸主动脉段远端裂口；对照组36例，未干预远端裂口。随访12个月后，两组患者在主动脉相关不良事件及再干预率未见明显差异(P>0.05),左锁骨下动脉和膈肌水平主动脉直径对比中，处理组重塑效果更佳(32.1 mm vs 33.1 mm, 30.0 mm vs 31.7 mm,P<0.05),左肾动脉下缘水平未见明显差异(31.6 mm vs 30.9 mm,P>0.05),处理组的胸主动脉段假腔完全血栓化率高于对照组(86.9%vs 58.3%,P<0.05),腹主动脉段未见明显差异(15.8%vs 11.1%,P>0.05)。处理组随访期间出现支架源性裂口...     

急性Stanford B型主动脉夹层累及髂总动脉患者行胸主动脉腔内修复术近远期效果

目的 探讨急性Stanford B型主动脉夹层(ATBAD)是否累及髂总动脉对接受胸主动脉腔内修复术(TEVAR)治疗患者的近、远期预后的影响.方法 连续筛选自2002年6月至2021年4月于北部战区总医院心血管内科住院,并经计算机断层扫描血管造影(CTA)明确诊断为ATBAD并行TEVAR的419例患者为研究对象.根...     

急性期Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内治疗研究进展

随着胸主动脉腔内修复术（TEVAR）的广泛应用及迅速发展,腔内治疗已成为了Stanford B型主动脉夹层的一线治疗方法。腔内治疗主动脉夹层的预后除了依赖于术前个体化方案的制定和术中操作者的经验,更依赖于手术指征及时机的掌握。对于急性期复杂性B型夹层,提倡在药物治疗的基础上早期行TEVAR手术;对于急性期非复杂性B型夹层是否可行TEVAR手术仍存在争议。文章主要就急性期B型主动脉夹层行腔内治疗的研究进展进行综述。     

腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层:单中心长期疗效分析

目的探讨胸主动脉腔内修复术(TEVAR)治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层的长期疗效。方法回顾性搜集300例行TEVAR治疗的Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者的临床及影像学资料,分析患者短期(在院/术后30天)及长期死亡率、并发症发生率及主动脉重塑情况。结果技术成功率100%。左锁骨下动脉完全覆盖29例,烟囱支架重建左锁骨下动脉11例,烟囱支架重建左颈总动脉7例。患者在院/术后30天死亡率0.7%(2/300),并发症发生率14%(42/300)。中位随访时间35个月(6~126个月)。1、3、5年累积全因死亡率分别为2.0%、6.7%、12.8%,主动脉夹层相关死亡率分别为1.7%、4.5%、8.4%;晚期并发症发生率14.7%(44/300),胸主动脉段假腔完全血栓化率83.7%(251/300)。结论应用覆膜血管内支架行TEVAR是治疗Stanford B型夹层安全有效的方法,长期疗效令人满意。     

Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术学习曲线分析

目的 探讨介入医师对Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者实施胸主动脉夹层腔内修复术(TEVAR)的学习曲线.方法 回顾性分析10年间由同一组介入医师完成的70例B型主动脉夹层TEVAR术,按手术先后次序分为A、B、C、D、E共5组,每组14例.比较各组手术时间、手术相关并发症、术后住院时间,分析不同阶段手术效果.结果 5组患者年龄、性别、分型、伴高血压、伴糖尿病、吸烟史、假腔最大直径、假腔灌注的内脏动脉及其它疾病特征比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).手术时间在A、B组分别为(3.29±0.61)h、(2.87±0.37) h(P＜0.05),在C、D、E组分别为(1.80±0.62)h、(1.74±0.34)h、(1.52±0.39)h (P＞0.05),A、B组手术时间显著长于C、D、E组(P＜0.001).5组患者手术相关并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),住院时间逐渐缩短,但无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A、B组28例手术分别在6.2年、2年内完成,手术频度分别为每年3.3例、7例;B、C、D组42例手术分别在2.2年、1.2年、0.8年内完成,手术频度分别为每年6.4例、11.7例、17.5例.结论 B型主动脉夹层TEVAR术学习曲线约为28例,介入医师在每年平均4.6例手术频度下完成28例手术后手术时间明显缩短,介入医师团队手术技术明显进步.     

不同期Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层腔内修复术后疗效及主动脉重塑临床研究

目的 探讨不同疾病时期胸主动脉夹层(TAD)腔内修复术(TEVAR)后临床结局及主动脉重塑形态学特点.方法 收集整理2005年2月至2015年2月收治的TEVAR术治疗Stanford B型TAD患者232例临床资料,对比分析术前临床和影像检查、术后随访结果.结果 术前临床指标中真腔塌陷、瘤样扩张在亚急性组(n=62)分别为35.48％、12.90％,慢性组(n=170)分别为76.47％、64.12％,差异有显著统计学意义(P=0.000 1);胸主动脉假腔通畅在亚急性组为79.03％,慢性组为91.18％,差异有统计学意义(P=0.012).232例TEVAR术均获成功.末次随访CTA检查结果显示,支架段胸主动脉假腔血栓完全吸收患者比例在亚急性组为90.00％,慢性组为48.52％,差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.000 1);假腔部分血栓形成患者比例在亚急性组为10.00％,慢性组为51.48％,差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.000 1);亚急性组手术前后夹层真假腔变化较慢性组明显,差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.0001).结论 亚急性期TAD稳定,TEVAR术后疗效良好,主动脉壁形态学重塑优于慢性期患者.     

胸主动脉腔内修复术治疗急性复杂性Stanford B型主动脉夹层

【摘要】急性Stanford B型主动脉夹层（ATBAD）是严重威胁患者生命的急危重症。近年来,腔内修复治疗(EVAR)急性B型主动脉夹层已得到广泛应用。然而,由于胸腹主动脉特殊的解剖结构、疾病本身的复杂性、术后支架相关并发症的发生及修复技术的多样性,对于急性复杂性Stanford B型主动脉夹层（cATBAD）,选择外科手术还是腔内修复治疗、如何更科学地选择支架及应用相关技术进行腔内修复治疗,仍是困扰许多介入医生的问题。本文就cATBAD的腔内修复治疗作一综述,以期提高对腔内修复治疗本病的认识。     

Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术后血管重塑分析

目的 探讨Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者经胸主动脉腔内修复术(TEVAR)治疗后血管形态学转归.方法 回顾性分析51例接受TEVAR术治疗的Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者术前及术后临床及影像学资料,分析术后1个月内、1～6个月、6个月后主动脉各段真假腔内径及假腔血栓化情况.结果 TEVAR术后胸主动脉真腔扩大、假腔缩小,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),腹主动脉管径真腔和假腔变化较术前无统计学差异(P＞0.05),腹部重要分支动脉血供情况较术前有所改善.结论 TEVAR术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者的近中期效果确切,但仍需要远期随访观察.     

Acute Intramural Hematoma of the Descending Aorta Treated with Stent Graft Repair Is Associated with a Better Prognosis

Purpose

To compare midterm outcomes of optimal medical treatment (OMT) alone with OMT and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of acute type B intramural hematoma (IMHB).

Endovascular repair in traumatic thoracic aortic injuries: comparison with open surgical repair

PURPOSE: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has emerged as an alternative to open surgical repair (OSR) of traumatic thoracic aortic injury (TTAI). Herein immediate and midterm outcomes of TEVAR are compared with those of OSR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Health records were used to identify patients with TTAI presenting between April 1995 and September 2006. Preoperative patient characteristics, intraoperative variables, procedural costs, and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 103 patients were identified. Twenty-two died before treatment, 19 were treated conservatively, 36 received OSR, and 26 received TEVAR. In the OSR group, time from diagnosis to treatment was 8 hours, the 30-day mortality rate was 11.1%, and all deaths occurred intraoperatively. Thoracic nerve injury occurred in four patients (12.5%), pneumonia in 12 (37.5%), temporary renal failure in one (3%), paraparesis in three (9.4%), and paraplegia in five (15.6%). On follow-up (mean, 61 months), postthoracotomy pleural reaction was seen in three cases (9.4%). In the TEVAR group, time to treatment was 38 hours (P < .01) and the 30-day mortality rate was 7.4% with no intraoperative deaths. Pneumonia was seen in two cases (8.3%) and left arm ischemia was seen in two of 17 patients in whom the left subclavian artery was covered. On midterm follow-up (mean, 17 months), there were no graft failures or repeat aortic interventions. Costs of each procedure were initially comparable, but follow-up expenses with TEVAR were $1,284 (Canadian) greater per year. CONCLUSIONS: TEVAR of TTAI is associated with lower perioperative mortality and morbidity rates than OSR, with no significant graft-related complications on midterm follow-up. The study data support the continued use of TEVAR in this context.     

腔内修复术治疗113例主动脉夹层瘤的临床分析

目的 评价腔内修复术治疗主动脉夹层的疗效,探讨主动脉夹层的治疗策略.方法 回顾分析2002年3月 - 2010年6月,113 例采用腔内修复术治疗的主动脉夹层患者的临床资料、治疗和随访结果.结果 腔内修复术治疗主动脉夹层的手术成功率99.1%(112/113),围手术期无严重并发症发生,术后30 d病死率1.8%(2/...     

Endovascular repair or medical treatment of acute type B aortic dissection? A comparison

Introduction

The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the outcome of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) to that of medical therapy in patients with acute type B aortic dissection (TBD).

Materials and methods

From July 1996 to April 2008, 88 patients presenting with acute TBD underwent either TEVAR (group A, n = 38) or medical therapy (group B, n = 50). Indications for TEVAR were intractable pain, aortic branch compromise resulting in end-organ ischemia, rapid aortic dilatation and rupture. Follow-up was performed postinterventionally, at 3, 6 and 12 months and yearly thereafter and included clinical examinations and computed tomography (CT), as well as aortic diameter measurements and assessment of thrombosis.

Results

Mean follow-up was 33 months in group A and 36 months in group B. The overall mortality rate was 23.7% in group A and 24% in group B, where 4 patients died of late aortic rupture. In group A, complications included 9 endoleaks and 4 retrograde type A dissections, 3 patients were converted to open surgery and 2 needed secondary intervention. None of the patients developed paraplegia. In group B, 4 patients were converted to open surgery and 2 to TEVAR. The maximal aortic diameter increased in both groups. Regarding the extent of thrombosis, our analyses showed slightly better overall results after TEVAR, but they also showed a tendency towards approximation between the two groups during follow-up.

Conclusion

TEVAR is a feasible treatment option in acute TBD. However, several serious complications may occur during and after TEVAR and it should therefore be reserved to patients with life-threatening symptoms.     

Clinical Outcomes for Endovascular Repair of Thoracic Aortic Disease Using the Seal Thoracic Stent Graft: A Korean Multicenter Retrospective Study

Purpose

To investigate the midterm outcomes of thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) with the use of the Seal stent graft for four categories of thoracic aortic disease.

Stanford B型夹层覆膜支架血管腔内修复术后围术期死亡原因分析

目的分析Stanford B型主动脉夹层覆膜支架血管腔内修复术(TEVAR)后围术期患者死亡情况及可能的死亡原因。 方法2004年2月—2012年9月,254例症状性Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者在本中心接受覆膜支架血管腔内修复术(TEVAR)治疗,其中,男性214例,女性40例,平均(51.5±12.5)岁。统计TEVAR术后围术期患者死亡情况,并分析可能的死亡原因。 结果TEVAR术后围术期患者死亡7例(7/254,2.76﹪),其中男性5例,女性2例。可能的死亡原因中,破裂所致死亡3例(3/254,1.18﹪),肠道缺血死亡2例(2/254,0.79﹪),呼吸功能衰竭死亡1例(1/254,0.39﹪),心源性猝死1例(1/254,0.39﹪)。 结论TEVAR术治疗症状性Stanford B型主动脉夹层安全、有效,但TEVAR术后围术期患者死亡情况仍需重视,在引起死亡的各种原因中,破裂和肠道缺血引起的死亡尤其值得关注。     

Midterm Outcomes of Open Surgical Repair Compared with Thoracic Endovascular Repair for Isolated Descending Thoracic Aortic Disease

Objective

This study aimed to assess the surgical morbidity and mortality of thoracic endovascular repair (TEVAR) as compared with open surgical repair (OSR) for isolated descending thoracic aortic disease.

Materials and Methods

From January 1, 2006 through May 31, 2010, a total of 68 patients with isolated descending thoracic aortic disease were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of perioperative complication, 30-day mortality, and clinical success. The patients were divided into two groups (group 1, OSR, n = 40 vs. group 2, TEVAR, n = 28) and these groups were compared for major variables and late outcomes.

Results

The mean age was 58 years (group I = 54 vs. group II = 63 years, p = 0.011). Significant perioperative complications occurred in 12 patients: 8 (20%) in group I and 4 (13%) in group II (p = 0.3). There were five 30 day mortalities of which 4 occurred in group I and 1 in group II (p = 0.23). Clinical success (effective aortic remodeling and complete false lumen obliteration or thrombosis) was achieved in 20 patients (71%). Mean Kaplan-Meier survival rate at 1 year was similar for both groups (group 1 = 87% vs. group 2 = 80%, p = 0.65).

Conclusion

Thoracic endovascular repair for isolated thoracic aortic disease shows comparable results to OSR. However, the potential for endoleak or rupture remains a challenge that needs to be addressed in the future. Therefore, close follow-up study is needed for the evaluation of satisfactory long-term outcomes.