表皮生长因子及其抗体对人胰腺癌裸鼠移植瘤生长…

在原代培养中添加大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂，成功地建立了一株新的人胰腺癌细胞系ＰＣ－７。该细胞系经形态学和生物学研究证实为人胰腺癌细胞系。染色体核型分析和流式细胞ＤＮＡ含量分析表明ＰＣ－７细胞系为低二倍体。应用此细胞系建成的裸鼠移植瘤模型，观察表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）及其抗体（抗－ＥＧＦ）对裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响，发现ＥＧＦ组和抗－ＥＧＦ组分是对照组肿瘤重量的１３８％和６７％。组织学和超微结构研究表明：ＥＧＦ     

长链非编码RNA UCA1对胰腺癌细胞系侵袭转移的影响

目的探讨尿路上皮癌相关1(UCA1)在胰腺癌中的表达及其对胰腺癌细胞侵袭转移的影响。方法用荧光定量PCR检测11例胰腺癌组织和配对的癌旁组织及5种胰腺癌细胞系中UCA1的表达,通过RNA干扰技术降低胰腺癌细胞系Bx PC-3的UCA1水平,用Transwell侵袭实验和划痕实验观察Bx PC-3细胞的侵袭和迁移能力,Western blot检测MMP-2和MMP-9的蛋白水平。结果胰腺癌组织的UCA1水平高于相应的癌旁组织(P0.05),UCA1差异性表达于5种胰腺癌细胞系;干扰UCA1后,Bx PC-3细胞的MMP-2和MMP-9的蛋白水平均降低(P0.01),侵袭能力和迁移能力明显减弱(P0.01)。结论 UCA1在胰腺癌中高表达,下调UCA1通过降低MMP-2和MMP-9的表达减弱胰腺癌细胞系Bx PC-3的体外侵袭转移能力。     

表皮生长因子及其抗体对人胰腺癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

在原代培养中添加大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂，成功地建立了一株新的人胰腺癌细胞系ＰＣ一７。该细胞系经形态学和生物学研究证实为人胰腺癌细胞系。染色体核型分析和流式细胞ＤＮＡ含量分析表明ＰＣ一７细胞系为低二倍体。应用此细胞系建成的裸鼠移植瘤模型，观察表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）及其抗体（抗一ＥＧＦ）对裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响，发现ＥＧＦ组和抗一ＥＧＦ组分别是对照组肿瘤重量的１３８％和６７％。组织学和超微结构研究表明：ＥＧＦ组的核分裂明显多于对照组，而抗一ＥＧＦ组则少于对照组．结果表明ＥＧＦ促进ＰＣ一７裸鼠移植瘤的生长，而抗一ＥＧＦ抗体可部分地抑制ＰＣ一７移植瘤的生长。     

人前列腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型的建立

目的 建立人前列腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型.方法 采用人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3细胞接种于裸鼠的颈背部皮下,计算成瘤潜伏期、成瘤百分率,观察移植瘤大体生长情况,绘制生长曲线,并对移植瘤进行病理鉴定.结果 采用人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3细胞皮下接种方式建立移植瘤的平均成瘤潜伏期为24天,成瘤百分率为100％,瘤体积倍增时间为10天左右,移植瘤的形态和功能特性与原发肿瘤基本相似.结论 本动物模型的建立可为前列腺癌的放射免疫显像以及放射免疫治疗提供一个有价值的实验平台.     

液泡型ATP酶C亚基ATP6V0C在人前列腺癌细胞系中的表达及其意义

目的探讨液泡型ATP酶C亚基ATP6V0C在不同转移潜能人前列腺癌细胞系中的表达及其意义。方法采用半定量RT-PCR、荧光实时定量RT-PCR和Western blot法检测ATP6V0C在人不同转移潜能前列腺癌细胞系PC-3M-1E8、PC-3M(高转移潜能)和PC-3M-2B4、PC-3(低转移潜能)中的表达。结果 ATP6V0C在PC-3M-1E8、PC-3M细胞系中的mRNA及蛋白表达量均明显高于在PC-3M-2B4、PC-3细胞系中的表达,其中,ATP6V0C在PC-3M-1E8中的表达最高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ATP6V0C在高转移潜能人前列腺癌细胞系中的表达明显高于低转移潜能人前列腺癌细胞系,证明其和肿瘤的转移密切相关,有可能成为判断人前列腺癌侵袭和转移的重要指标及治疗前列腺癌的新靶点。     

前列腺癌细胞系中TMSG-1的表达及其意义

目的 探讨一种新的肿瘤转移抑制基因TMSG-1(tumor metastasis suppressor gene 1,TMSG-1)在不同转移潜能前列腺癌细胞系中的表达及其意义.方法 采用半定量RT-PCR、Western blotting、细胞爬片免疫组化PV-9000法来检测TMSG-1在人不同转移潜能前列腺癌细胞系PC-3M-2B4(低转移潜能)和PC-3M-IE8(高转移潜能)中的表达情况.结果 TMSG-1在PC-3M-2B4(低转移潜能)细胞系中的mRNA及蛋白表达量均明显高于在PC-3M-IE8(高转移潜能)细胞系中的表达,具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 TMSG-1在低转移潜能前列腺癌细胞系中的表达明显高于在高转移潜能前列腺癌细胞系中的表达,证明它是一种肿瘤转移抑制基因,有可能成为判断前列腺癌细胞浸润及转移的重要预后指标.     

PC-1基因表达诱导NIH3T3细胞恶性转化

目的 通过建立稳定表达外源PC-1基因的小鼠成纤维细胞株,初步探讨PC-1基因表达对肿瘤发生、发展的影响。方法 通过脂质体介导的方法,将真核表达载体pcDNA3、1(-)／myc-his-pc-1稳定转染NIH3T3细胞,之后利用PCR、逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)技术,确定外源PC-1基因在靶细胞染色体上的整合及在转录水平的表达。通过细胞形态学分析、MTT实验、细胞周期分析、软琼脂集落形成和裸鼠成瘤实验,观察PC-1基因表达对NIH3T3生物学特性的影响。结果建立了稳定转染PC-1基因的NIH3T3细胞株。PC-1基因表达的小鼠成纤维细胞NIH3T3生长速度加快,在软琼脂上生长并形成集落,接种裸鼠后可成瘤(6／6)。结论 PC-1基因在NIH3T3细胞中稳定表达具有诱导正常NIH3T3细胞发生恶性转化的重要生物功能。     

吉西他滨抑制胰腺癌细胞糖酵解

目的研究吉西他滨对miR-1208在胰腺癌细胞中表达的影响及其抑制胰腺癌细胞糖酵解的分子机制。方法用real-time PCR法检测胰腺癌组织及细胞系中miR-1208以及糖酵解关键基因的表达;在胰腺癌细胞系Bx PC-3与PANC-1分别转染miR-1208模拟物与阴性对照,利用CCK-8试剂盒、乳酸以及葡萄糖检测试剂盒,研究细胞增殖、乳酸分泌以及葡萄糖利用情况;设计拯救实验研究吉西他滨、miR-1208与胰腺癌细胞代谢的关系。结果 miR-1208在胰腺癌组织中表达下调(60%,12/20)(P0.05);miR-1208过表达明显抑制胰腺癌细胞增殖、乳酸分泌以及葡萄糖的消耗(P0.05),miR-1208导致LDH-A与LDH-D的内源性表达水平下调;经吉西他滨处理的胰腺癌细胞系Bx PC-3与PANC-1,其内源性miR-1208表达水平明显上调(P0.01),而其LDH-A、LDH-D的表达水平明显下调(P0.01)。在胰腺癌细胞中,敲低miR-1208表达抑制吉西他滨诱导的细胞代谢方式转换。LDH-A是miR-1208在胰腺癌细胞中的功能靶基因。结论吉西他滨通过调控miR-1208介导的LDH-A通路发挥抑制胰腺癌细胞糖酵解的功能。     

人乳头瘤病毒阴性的喉鳞癌细胞系的建立

目的 建立1株人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）阴性的喉鳞状细胞癌细胞系,为体外研究喉癌提供理想的实验模型。方法 以逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）证实为HPV阴性的高分化喉鳞癌手术切除标本接种于裸鼠皮下,取连续传代2次的裸鼠皮下移植瘤进行体外原代培养。通过光镜、电镜、生长曲线、细胞周期时相、软琼脂克隆实验、异种移植成瘤实验、角蛋白、癌胚抗原及HPV检测,对其生物学特性进行初步分析。结果 经裸鼠过渡所建立的高分化喉鳞癌细胞系（Lscc-02）目前已传至86代,细胞生长增殖稳定。该细胞系呈单层形式生长,群体倍增时间为39．1h。透射电镜下见胞质内典型的张力原纤维,细胞问以桥粒方式连接。染色体为人类核型,呈亚三倍体,众数分布在63～72。该细胞系具有恶性肿瘤细胞生长特征：软琼脂中形成克隆,裸鼠接种成瘤且形态结构、分化程度与原发瘤相似。免疫组织化学显示高分子量细胞角蛋白及癌胚抗原阳性,PCR显示HPV阴性。结论 建立Lscc-02细胞系为研究无HPV感染喉癌的发生、发展规律及HPV与喉癌演进的关系提供了有价值的体外模型。     

DNA甲基转移酶在前列腺癌中的表达及其对体外细胞增殖及侵袭能力的影响

目的探讨DNA甲基转移酶(DNMTs)在前列腺癌(PCa)组织及前列腺癌细胞系中的表达情况及其对体外前列腺癌细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移及侵袭能力的影响。方法收集24例患者的前列腺组织样本,其中前列腺癌组织样本12例,良性前列腺增生组织样本12例。免疫组织化学染色检测DNMT1、DNMT3b的表达。通过Western blot及RT-qPCR检测前列腺癌细胞系(DU145、PC-3)及人正常前列腺上皮细胞系(RWPE-1)中DNMT1、DNMT3b的表达。采用siRNA分别下调DU145细胞系中DNMT1、DNMT3b表达,检测DU145细胞生物学行为的改变。结果 DNMT1、DNMT3b在前列腺癌组织中的表达高于前列腺增生组织(P0.05)。DNMT1、DNMT3b在DU145、PC-3细胞系中的表达高于RWPE-1细胞系(P0.05),且DNMT1、DNMT3b在DU145中的表达高于PC-3(P0.05)。下调DU145细胞中DNMT1、DNMT3b的表达,可显著抑制细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,减弱细胞迁移及侵袭能力(P0.05),其中DNMT1抑制组效果最显著。结论 DNA甲基转移酶(DNMT1、DNMT3b)在前列腺癌中的表达高于正常前列腺,其中DNMT1对细胞生物学行为影响最显著。     

Establishment of pancreatic cancer stem cells by flow cytometry and their biological characteristics

To investigate the method of separating human pancreatic cancer stem cells by Hoechst 33342 labeled flow cytometry and to analyze the biological properties of pancreatic cancer stem cells. The human pancreatic cancer cell line PC-3 was divided into SP and non-SP cells by flow cytometry. The number of two cell clone spheres and nude mice tumor formation rates were compared by cultivating in serum-free medium; The expression of CD133, Nestin mRNA and protein was analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot; The expression of two cell drug resistance genes (MDR1, ABCG2, ABCA2 and MRP1) was analyzed by real time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The number of the cloned spheres in SP cells in serum-free medium was significantly higher than that of non-SP cells (P<0.05). The incidence of SP cells in the tumor of immunodeficiency nude mice was significantly higher than that of non-SP cells, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis showed that the expression of CD133 and Nestin mRNA in SP cells was significantly higher than those of non-SP cells, and the expression of CD133 and Nestin protein in SP cells was also significantly higher than those of non-SP cells (P<0.05). In conclusion, SP side population pancreatic cancer cells by Hoechst 33342 separation have the stem cell characteristics, higher tumor formation rate and higher drug resistance, which may be related to chemotherapy resistance.     

Human pancreatic adenocarcinoma line Capan-1 in tissue culture and the nude mouse: morphologic, biologic, and biochemical characteristics

Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma line Capan-1 was studied in tissue culture and the nude mouse. In tissue culture, the neoplastic cells grew as large epithelial-like mucin-producing cells. Subcutaneous and intraperitoneal transplantation of neoplastic cells into nude mice resulted in tumor formation characterized by marked invasiveness and distant metastases. Histologically, the tumor appeared as a well-differentiated mucin-producing adenocarcinoma morphologically resembling the tumor of origin. Chromosomal analysis showed a human karyotype with a chromosome number between 51-61. Lactate dehydrogenase and beta 2-microglobulin used as tumor markers were present in both tissue culture and the serum of tumor-bearing mice. The neoplasm, which was characterized by an increased level of cAMP, had lost completely the ability to respond to secretin stimulation. The tumor grown in the nude mouse was resistant to treatment with 5-fluorouracil, behavior identical to that of the original tumor. Diphtheria toxin resulted in complete tumor destruction. Because Capan-1 tumor grown in the nude mouse shows morphologic, biologic, and biochemical characteristics similar to the tumor of origin, it may be an invaluable tool in furthering understanding of the biology of human pancreatic cancer.     

The human Y chromosome suppresses the tumorigenicity of PC-3, a human prostate cancer cell line, in athymic nude mice

The loss of the Y chromosome is a frequent numerical chromosomal abnormality observed in human prostate cancer. In cancer, loss of specific genetic material frequently accompanies simultaneous inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. It is not known whether the Y chromosome harbors such genes. To address the role of genes on the Y chromosome in human prostate cancer, we transferred a tagged Y chromosome into PC-3, a human prostate cancer cell line lacking a Y chromosome. A human Y chromosome was tagged with the hisD gene and transferred to PC-3 by microcell-mediated chromosome transfer. Tumorigenicity of these PC-3 hybrids was tested in vivo and in vitro, and the results were compared with those of the polymerase chain reaction analyses conducted on the PC-3 hybrids using Y chromosome-specific markers. Among 60 mice injected with 12 different PC-3 hybrids (five mice per hybrid), tumor growth was apparent in only one mouse, whereas tumors grew in all mice injected with the parental PC-3 cells. An in vitro assay showed that the Y chromosome did not suppress anchorage-independent growth of PC-3 cells. We found that addition of the Y chromosome suppressed tumor formation by PC-3 in athymic nude mice, and that this block of tumorigenesis was independent of the in vitro growth properties of the cells. This observation suggests the presence of a gene important for prostate tumorigenesis on the Y chromosome.     

表达反义c-myc RNA的重组逆转录病毒载体对人胰腺癌细胞恶性表型的逆转作用

为研究表达反义c－mycRxA的逆转录病毒载体抑制靶基因的表达和翻译，使胰腺癌细胞恶性表型逆转的机理，利用PXTI逆转录病毒载体构建了一个能表达反义c－mycRNA的质粒，经病毒包装细胞PA317包装后，使之成为具有感染力的重组病毒。用该病毒感染人胰腺癌细胞系PC－2细胞，经G418筛选得到稳定的转化细胞系。Northernblot杂交证实包装细胞PA317及转化的PC－2细胞中均有病毒的高表达，体外合成的单链RNA探针杂交结果表明转化PC－2细胞中有高表达的反义c－mycRNA，而内源性c－mycRNA的表达明显受抑；Westernblot分析发现c－myc癌基因产物P62蛋白的表达显著下降。反义c－mycRNA使人胰腺癌细胞生长速率、~3H-胸腺嘧啶掺入、软琼脂集落形成能力以及探鼠致瘤能力等均明显下降。实验结果表明：表达反义c－mycRNA的逆转录病毒载体能有效地抑制靶基因的表达和翻译，使胰腺癌细胞恶性表型部分逆转。     

用人盲肠未分化腺癌细胞系建立的裸鼠移植瘤模型及其生物学特性

作者用人盲肠未分化腺癌体外培养细胞系移植于裸小鼠皮下获得裸鼠可移植瘤模型,定名为NB-93。现已传至第26代。移植成功率为96.2%。裸鼠带瘤生存时间最长者为246天,中位数为108天。裸鼠移植瘤病理组织学的结构与原始人体肿瘤的形态相似。移植瘤具有分泌CEA的能力。染色体分析显示了人类恶性肿瘤染色体特征。移植瘤组织经液氮冻存再复苏后,可移植性不变。该移植瘤裸小鼠模型的建立,为进一步研究人盲肠未分化腺癌提供了有用的手段。     

Increased metastatic potential in human prostate carcinoma cells by overexpression of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase

Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (LOX) converts arachidonic acid to 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), a bioactive lipid implicated in tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. Alteration in 12-LOX expression or activity has been reported in various carcinomas including prostate carcinoma. However, little is known about the impact of the altered expression or activity of 12-LOX on tumor metastasis. In the present study, we examined whether or not an increase in 12-LOX expression in human prostate carcinoma cells can modulate their metastatic potential. We report that increased expression of 12-LOX in PC-3 cells caused a significant change in cell adhesiveness, spreading, motility, and invasiveness. Specifically 12-LOX transfected PC-3 cells were more adhesive toward vitronectin, type I and IV collagen, but not to fibronectin or laminin, than cells transfected with control vector. Increased spreading on vitronectin, fibronectin, collagen type I and IV also was observed in 12-LOX transfected PC-3 cells when compared to control PC-3 cells. The increased spreading of 12-LOX transfected PC-3 cells was blocked by treatment with 12-LOX inhibitors, baicalein and CDC. 12-LOX transfected PC-3 cells were more invasive through Matrigel than cells transfected with control vector. In vivo, tumor cell invasion to surrounding muscle or fat tissues was more frequent in nude mice bearing s.c. tumors from 12-LOX transfected PC-3 cells than in those from control vector transfected cells. When injected via the tail vein into SCID mice with implanted human bone fragments, there was an increase in tumor metastasis to human bone by 12-LOX transfected PC-3 cells in comparison to control vector transfected cells. Taken together, our data suggest that an increase in 12-LOX expression enhances the metastatic potential of human prostate cancer cells. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

CDR3δ -grafted γ9δ2T cells mediate effective antitumor reactivity

Adoptive cell-transfer therapy (ACT) has been reported to suppress growing tumors and to overcome tumor escape in animal models. As a candidate ACT effector, γ9δ2T cells can be activated and expanded in vitro and in vivo and display strong antitumor activity against colorectal, lung, prostate, ovarian and renal cell carcinomas. However, it is difficult to obtain a large enough number of γδT cells to meet the need for immunotherapy that can overcome the cancer patients' immune suppressive tumor microenvironment. In previous studies, our lab confirmed that γ9δ2T cells recognized tumor cells via the CDR3δ region of the γδ-T-cell receptor (TCR). We constructed full-length human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived γ9 and δ2 chains in which the CDR3 region was replaced by an ovarian epithelial carcinoma (OEC)-derived CDR3. We transferred the CDR3δ-grafted γ9δ2TCR into peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to develop genetically modified γ9δ2T cells. In vitro studies have shown that these CDR3δ-grafted γ9δ2T cells can produce cytokines after stimulation with tumor cell extracts and exhibit cytotoxicity towards tumor cells, including human OEC and cervical adenocarcinoma. CDR3δ-grafted γ9δ2T cells adoptively transferred into nude mice bearing a human OEC cell line demonstrated significant antitumor effects. These results indicate that CDR3δ-grafted γ9δ2T cells might be candidates for clinical tumor immunotherapy.     

表达反义细胞周期蛋白cyclinD1载体对胰腺癌细胞生长和凋亡的 …

观察反义细胞周期蛋白ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１对胰腺癌细胞的生长影响。方法采用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ和Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｍｂｌｏｔ方法检测了５株人胰腺癌细胞中ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１的扩增及表达情况。