奥沙利铂联合长春瑞滨与顺铂联合长春瑞滨治疗非小细胞肺癌的比较

目的评价长春瑞滨联合奥沙利铂和长春瑞滨联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效与毒副反应.方法50例非小细胞肺癌患者随机分组采用长春瑞滨(Vinorelbine,NVB)联合奥沙利铂(Oxaliplatin OXA)(简称NO方案组)和长春瑞滨联合顺铂(Cisplatin DDP)(简称NP方案组NVB 30mg/m2;DDP 25mg/m2)方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者,21～28d为一个周期,完成3个周期治疗后评价疗效并观察毒副反应.结果NO方案组25例,CR2例,PR10例,有效率为48%;NP方案组25例,CR1例,PR10例,有效率为44.4%(P＞0.05).两组毒副反应比较白细胞减少、血小板减少等毒副反应相似;NO组脱发、胃肠道反应较NP组减少(P＜0.05),NO方案组周围神经炎发生率高于NP方案组(P＜0.05).结论两方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效相近;白细胞下降、血小板减少等毒副反应相似,而胃肠道反应、脱发等毒副反应差别有统计学意义,但均可耐受.     

多西紫杉醇联合长春瑞滨治疗转移性乳腺癌的疗效分析

[目的]研究多西紫杉醇（TAT）、长春瑞滨（NVB）联合方案在转移性乳腺癌治疗中的疗效及毒副反应.[方法]采用多西紫杉醇75 mg/m2,静滴,d 1,长春瑞滨25 mg/m2,静滴,d 1、8,每21 d为1周期,完成2周期后开始评价疗效,随访7～24个月.[结果]完全缓解（CR）31.25%（10/32）,部分缓解（PR）43.75%（14/32）,稳定（SD）25.0%（8/32）.无疾病进展者,总有效率（ORR）为（CR＋PR）75.0%（24/32）.毒性反应主要为白细胞降低Ⅲ-Ⅳ度为75.0%,胃肠道反应轻微.[结论]TAT联合NVB（TN方案）治疗转移性乳腺癌疗效显著,不良反应可耐受.     

紫杉醇单药与长春瑞滨联合顺铂一线治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效的临床观察

目的观察紫杉醇单药与长春瑞滨联合顺铂一线治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及毒副反应。资料和方法57例患者,均经病理或细胞学证实的Ⅲ期以上非小细胞肺癌,有可测量病灶,其中男29例,女28例,年龄65～75岁。病理分型为腺癌32例,鳞癌25例,TNM分期Ⅲ34倒,Ⅳ期23例。按所接受的方案分为紫杉醇单药组及顺铂联合长春瑞滨组,其中紫杉醇175mg·m^-2,静脉滴注大于3h;顺铂25mg·m^-2,静脉点滴,第一天至第三天,长春瑞滨25-30mg／m^2．21日为一周期（分别于第1、8日各给药1次）。每例患者治疗2周期以上.疗效及毒副作用评估按照WHO抗肿瘤药物客观疗效标准评价。总缓解（有效）率以CR＋PR计算。统计学处理两组相比,采用χ^2检验。结果紫杉醇单药组：完全缓解0例,部分缓解13例,稳定10例,有效率为43．3％。顺铂联合长春瑞滨组：完全缓解1例,部分缓解11例．稳定6例,有效率为44．4％。最常见的副反应为骨髓抑制、消化道反应、肾功能损害、便秘等,其中长春瑞滨联合顺铂纽便秘、肾毒性、外周静脉炎,Ⅲ～Ⅳ度骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应多于紫杉醇单药组.结论紫杉醇联单药治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效与长春瑞滨联合顺铂疗效相当,毒副反应轻可以耐受,是老年患者较理想的一线化疗方法。     

DCF方案治疗老年晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的:观察多西他赛联合顺铂、5-氟尿嘧啶治疗老年晚期胃癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法:分析老年晚期胃癌31例,多西他赛75mg/m2,静脉滴注,d1;顺铂20mg/m2静脉滴注,d1~5;5-FU500 mg/m224小时持续泵入,d1~5。21天为一个周期,2个周期后评价疗效。结果:全组31例患者CR1例,PR14例,有效率(CR+PR)48.4%(15/31),中位进展时间为4.3个月,主要不良反应为白细胞下降。结论:DCF方案治疗老年晚期胃癌疗效较好,且毒副反应可以耐受。     

IMRT联合NP方案化疗治疗复发鼻咽癌的临床分析

目的:探讨复发鼻咽癌调强适形放射治疗(imrt)联合长春瑞滨加顺铂(np)方案化疗的临床疗效。方法:应用调强适形放射治疗(imrt)联合长春瑞滨加顺铂(np)方案治疗复发鼻咽癌。回顾性分析我院2013年6月~2015年6月治疗的38例复发鼻咽癌患者局部调强适形放疗加np方案化疗的疗效。化疗方案:长春瑞滨30 mg/m2第1、8天,顺铂60 mg/m2第1天,28天为一个周期。放射治疗采用直线加速器6mv-x线,通过ct从头顶至锁骨下3cm范围内3mm薄层扫描,根据1‘cru50及icru62号报告来勾画靶区,包括临床检查所见原发病灶及肿大淋巴结。放疗总剂量dt66 gy/33fx/6.5w。放疗结束后予以序贯np方案化疗2~4周期,长春瑞滨30 mg/m2第1、8天,顺铂30 rag/m2第1,2,3天,28天为一个周期,观察临床疗效及毒副反应。结果:38例患者均顺利完成治疗,主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐和脱发。中位随访时间8个月。1年总生存率71%。1年局部无进展生存率92%。4例死于鼻咽大出血。结论:imrt联合np方案化疗治疗复发鼻咽癌近期疗效好,患者可耐受。     

国产长春瑞滨联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效观察

目的观察国产长春瑞滨NVB(盖诺)加顺铂(PDD)联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效.方法化疗方案包括采用盖诺25 mg/m2静脉推注,第1、8天,顺铂20 mg/m2静脉滴注,第1～5天.结果40例病人进入本组临床试验,其中完全缓解(CR)1例,部分缓解(PR)17例,稳定(NC)19例,进展(PD)3例,总有效率为45.0%.中位缓解期5个月,中位生存期10个月.主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制,消化道反应及静脉炎.结论盖诺加顺铂联合化疗方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效较高,副反应患者可以耐受.     

多西他赛联合卡培他滨和奥沙利铂治疗晚期胃癌的疗效分析

目的评价多西他赛联合卡培他滨、奥沙利铂方案治疗晚期胃癌的疗效和毒性反应。方法 40例晚期胃癌均经病理学检查证实,TNM分期均为IV期,给予患者多西他赛75mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;奥沙利铂135mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;卡培他滨2000mg/m2,分2次口服,第1～14天;3周为1个周期。治疗至少2个周期后评价疗效及不良反应。结果可评价疗效者40例,完全缓解(CR)2例,部分缓解(PR)17例,稳定(SD)15例,进展(PD)6例,总有效率(RR)为47.5%(19/40)。结论多西他赛联合卡培他滨、奥沙利铂治疗晚期胃癌具有较好的疗效和耐受性。     

奈达铂联合长春瑞滨治疗中晚期食管癌27例疗效分析

目的 观察奈达铂联合长春瑞滨治疗中晚期食管癌的近期疗效与毒副反应.方法 对27例中晚期食管癌患者给予奈达铂80 mg/m2,第1天;长春瑞滨 25 mg/m2 ,第1天、第8天.每21 d为1个周期,至少应用2个周期.结果 CR（2/27）为5.5%,PR（13/27）为48.1%, SD（7/27）为25.5%,PD（5/27）为18.5%,有效率（RR）为55.5 %（15/27）.主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制,表现为白细胞与血小板减少,以Ⅰ～Ⅲ度为主,Ⅲ～Ⅳ度骨髓抑制37.3%（10/27）.结论 奈达铂联合长春瑞滨治疗中晚期食管癌疗效较好,毒副反应小,可临床推广.     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗蒽环类及紫杉醇类耐药的转移性乳腺癌疗效分析

目的 观察吉西他滨联合顺铂方案治疗对蒽环类及紫杉醇类均耐药的转移性乳腺癌的疗效及不良反应.方法 36例晚期乳腺癌患者均应用过紫杉醇类及蒽环类药物,采用吉西他滨1 000 mg/m2静脉注射,第1,8天;顺铂30 mg/m2静脉注射第1～3天,21 d为1个周期,2个周期后评价疗效,至少应用2个周期.结果 36例中,完全缓解1例(2.8%),部分缓解14例(38.9%),稳定11例(30.6%),进展10例(27.8%),中位疾病进展时间6个月,中位生存时间14个月,1a生存率58%主要不良反应为骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应.结论 吉西他滨联合顺铂对蒽环类及紫杉醇类均耐药的转移性乳腺癌有较好的近期疗效,不良反应能够耐受,是一种效的解救方案.     

得力生联合TPLF新辅助化疗方案治疗局部进展胃癌疗效观察

目的:研究中药得力生联合泰素帝(多西紫杉醇TAT)、顺铂(CDDP)及5-氟尿嘧啶/亚叶酸钙(5-Fu/CF)、新辅助化疗方案治疗局部进展期胃癌的疗效和毒副作用.方法:32例局部进展期胃癌,术前予中药得力生40ml第1天～10天,泰素帝40mg/m2第1天、第8天,顺铂15mg/m2第1天～5天,亚叶酸钙200mg,第1天～5天,5-氟尿嘧啶500mg/m2第1天～5天,每3周一周期,共2周期,化疗2周左右行手术治疗.观察新辅助化疗原发肿瘤的临床疗效,术后病理结果及毒副作用.结果:新辅助化疗临床有效率RR(CR PR)为75%(24/32),其中CR15.6%(5/32),PR59.3%(19/32),病理有效率为71.8%(24/32),其中3例达病理完全缓解(PCR)占9.4%(3/32).毒副反应主要为白细胞减少,恶心呕吐脱发及粘膜炎,其中Ⅲ°～Ⅳ°白细胞减少为12.5%(4/32),一年生存率达87.5%(28/32).结论:得力生联合TPLF新辅助化疗方案治疗局部进展期胃癌疗效明显,毒副反应轻微.     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗晚期乳腺癌疗效观察

目的 观察吉西他滨联合顺铂与长春瑞滨联合顺铂治疗晚期乳腺癌的临床疗效.方法 将符合病例入选标准的乳腺癌患者160例患者采用随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组80例.观察组予吉西他滨1 000 mg/m2,静脉滴注30 min,d1,8;顺铂25 mg/m2静脉滴注,d 3～5.对照组予长春瑞滨25 mg/m2,d1,8,溶于生理盐水100 ml中,快速静脉滴注,顺铂25 mg/m静脉滴注,d 3～5.2组均以治疗21 d为1个周期.观察2组患者的生活质量、临床疗效及不良反应.结果 CR观察组为37.50％,对照组为35.00％,2组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).总有效率观察组为60.00％,对照组为57.50％,2组相比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).2组治疗后均出现了不同程度的中性粒细胞减少、贫血、恶心呕吐、脱发、发热、肝功能损害、肾功能损害,但总体而言Ⅱ-Ⅴ级发生率两组相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 吉西他滨联合顺铂与长春瑞滨联合顺铂治疗晚期乳腺癌的临床疗效相当,不良反应相当.     

Topical and systemic chemotherapy with 5-fluouracil in facial carcinoma secondary to xeroderma pigmentosum

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the feasibility, tolerance/toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by topical application and systemic use, in facial carcinoma associated with XP. METHODS AND PATIENTS: This is a prospective study of 10 patients with a median age of 22.9 years and a sex ratio of 4. Tumour lesions were facial mainly in the jugal and temporal region (36%). Chemotherapy indication was discussed in multidisciplinary committee, the topical 5-fluorouracil was applied locally twice a day, whereas the systemic treatment consisted of FUFOL protocol (every 4 weeks a combinaison of a short perfusion of 340 mg/m2 5-FU and preceded by an infusion of 20mg/m2 of folic acid, day 1 to 5); or C-FU protocol, combining continuous infusion of 5-FU (1 g/m2) 5 days associated with cisplatin (100 mg/m2, day 1) every 3 weeks. RESULTS: The median topical treatment duration was of 12 months in 10 patients. We noted a full tumoral regression in 10% of cases. Concerning systemic treatment, the median number of FUFOL cycles was 4 (2 to 6) and we observed a complete response in 6 patients (60%), partial in 2 cases (20%). Treatment was well tolerated in most cases except for the cutaneous irritation on 5-FU application zone and a 4 grade cisplatin otoxicity. CONCLUSION: Systemic or topical chemotherapy represents an interesting palliative option for facial carcinoma associated with XP, avoiding reiterated surgery and its cosmetic consequences.     

培美曲塞联合顺铂一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床研究

目的研究培美曲塞联合顺铂治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效及不良反应。方法 52例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者,给予培美曲塞联合顺铂方案全身化疗。培美曲塞:500mg/m2,第1天静脉滴注,顺铂:75mg/m2,第1天静脉滴注,每21天为1个周期,连用2～6个周期。结果 52例患者中非鳞癌41例,鳞癌11例,完全缓解(CR)1例,部分缓解(PR)18例,稳定(SD)13例,进展(PD)20例,总有效率(CR+PR)为36.5%,疾病控制率(CR+PR+SD)为61.5%;不同年龄、性别、临床分期、病理类型之间在有效率和疾病控制率方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。所有患者PFS为4.8个月,非鳞癌患者为5.1个月,鳞癌患者为4.4个月,但两者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不良反应主要是消化道反应和骨髓抑制,多为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级。结论培美曲塞联合联合顺铂是一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌安全、有效的治疗方案。     

NP方案联合同步放疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床分析

目的评价国产长春瑞滨（盖诺）联合顺铂同步放化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法将96例Ⅲ期NSCLC患者随机分为两组,化放组在放疗时及放疗后进行4周期化疗,化疗用药盖诺25mg／m^2,在每个周期的第1、8天静脉滴注,顺铂25mg／m^2第1～3天静脉滴注;单放组行单纯放疗。结果化放组有效率72．5％,单放组有效率为44．4％,化放组的有效率明显高于单放组（P=0．008）。化放组和单放组的1、2年生存率分别为70．6％、29．4％和51．1％、20％,中位生存时间分别为18个月和13个月,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0．0407）。结论NP方案联合同步放疗是治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的安全有效的治疗方法,值得进一步临床研究。     

重组人血管内皮抑素联合放化疗在非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的观察重组人血管内皮抑素（恩度）联合放化疗和恩度联合化疗对非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效及毒副反应。方法经病理证实43例NSCLC（Ⅱa~Ⅲb）,按随机原则并参考病人意愿分为实验组（恩度＋放化疗）24例和对照组（恩度＋化疗）19例,化疗方案吉西他滨1 000 mg/m2,第1、8 d,顺铂20 mg/m2,第1~5 d,28 d 1周期,共3~4周期;恩度15 mg/d,同步每化疗周期的第1~14 d。放疗采用常规剂量分割2 Gy/d,总剂量60~66 Gy,与第一周期化疗同时进行。结果有2例出现明显心脏毒性或骨髓抑制,未完成治疗,只作毒性分析。实验组的完全缓解率高于对照组（P〈0.05）,中位无疾病进展时间分别为8.3月和4.7月,1年生存率分别为78.3%和55.6%（P〈0.05）,完全缓解病例主要集中在Ⅱa期鳞癌,实验组未明显增加治疗的毒副反应。结论恩度联合放化疗治疗非晚期肺鳞癌有较好近期疗效,延长无疾病生存时间及1年生存率,安全性好。     

雷替曲塞对比氟尿嘧啶/亚叶酸钙联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期结直肠癌的前瞻性临床研究

目的 前瞻性比较雷替曲塞对比氟尿嘧啶(FU)/亚叶酸钙(LV)联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期结直肠癌的疗效和安全性.方法 经病理组织学和/或细胞学确诊的晚期结直肠癌患者50例,随机分组信件形式进入试验组和对照组,每组25例,各脱落1例.试验组:雷替曲塞3 mg/m2,静脉滴注≥15min,第1天;奥沙利铂130mg/m2,静脉滴注2 h,第1天.对照组:LV 100mg/m2,静脉滴注2h,第1～3天;FU 400mg/m2,静脉滴注2 h;紧接FU 600mg/m2,持续静脉滴注,第1～3天;奥沙利铂同试验组.两组方案均为每3周重复,每3周为1个周期.每2个周期评价疗效,直至疾病进展或不良反应不能耐受,最多用6个周期.结果 试验组和对照组的有效率分别为37.50%(9/24)、33.33%(8/24),差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);疾病控制率分别为83.33%(20/24)和70.83%(17/24),差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).试验组中位无疾病进展时间11.0个月,明显优于对照组的9.0个月(95%CI8.643～11.357,P=0.015).主要不良反应包括食欲减退、呕吐、中性粒细胞减少、红细胞减少、血小板减少、神经毒性、疲劳、转氨酶异常等,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 雷替曲塞联合奥沙利铂方案是晚期结直肠癌有效的治疗方案,较传统的以FU为基础的联合化疗方案使用方便,减少静脉暴露时间,缩短住院时间,并且在有效率、生存期方面优于或不劣于以FU为基础的联合化疗,是值得推荐的治疗晚期结直肠癌的化疗方案.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of raltitrexed and fluorouracil(FU)/leucovorin (LV) combined with oxaliplatin for advanced colorectal cancer. Methods Fifty patients with advanced colorectal cancer diagnosed by histopathology or cytology were randomly divided into two groups with 25 cases each by envelope, but 1 case lost. Patients in experimental group were treated with raltitrexed (3 mg/m2, ≥ 15 min intravenously) combined with oxaliplatin (130 mg/m2 on day 1 ), patients in control group were treated with FU/LV combined with oxaliplatin:LV 100 mg/m2 infusion (over 2 h, from day 1 to day 3 ) followed by FU (400 mg/m2 infusion in 2 h and 600 mg/m2 continuous infusion from day 1 to day 3 ),combined with oxaliplatin ( 130 mg/m2 on day 1 ), 3 weeks were as one cycle. Patients received 6 or less cycles until disease progressed or toxicity could not be tolerated. Results Effective rate was 37.50%(9/24)and 33.33%(8/24) in experimental group and control group respectively (P＞ 0.05). Disease control rate in experimental group was 83.33% (20/24) while in control group was 70.83% ( 17/24 ) (P ＞ 0.05 ). The median time of progression-free survival (PFS) in experimental group and control group was 11.0 months and 9.0 months respectively (95%CI 8.643-11.357,P =0.015). Main adverse effects were anorexia, vomiting, neutropenia, thrombopenia, anemia, neurotoxicity, fatigue, aminotransferase abnormality, and so on. There was no statistic difference between two groups in side effects(P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions Raltitrexed combined with oxaliplatin is an effective regimen for the advanced colorectal cancer. Compared with traditional FU-based regimen, it is more convenient. Patients will have less venous exposure time and hospital days.Effective rate and mean survival time are superior or not inferior in raltitrexed treatment to that of FU-based regimen. Raltitrexed combined with oxaliplatin is worthy to be recommended in treating colorectal cancer.     

Irinotecan--experience with second-line treatment in advanced colorectal cancer]

The prognosis for patients with advanced colorectal cancer who fail to respond to a 5-FU based therapy is poor. About 7% response rate can be achieved with second line therapeutic regiments, the overall survival is about 6-7 months. The aim of authors was to assess the efficacy and toxicity profile of irinotecan (CAMPTO) in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, resistant to 5-FU based chemotherapy. From October 1996 to November 1998 19 previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer patients with documented progression were recruited. Irinotecan was given at a dose of 350 mg/m2 i.v. over 90 min. every 3 week. Tumor response and toxicity were assessed using WHO criteria. Median age: 59.7 years (42-72). Tumor sites: 12/19 colon, 7/19 rectum. 11/19 patients had 1 metastatic site, 8/19 had 2 or more metastatic sites. CR: 0/19, PR: 3/19, MR: 2/19, SD: 10/19, PD: 4/19. Median time to progression was 9.1 months (range 1.5-22). The overall median survival was 15.5 months (range 2.5-37). Grade 3-4 delayed diarrhoea occurred in 26.3% of patients. Grade 3 neutropenia occurred in 15.7% of patients. Preliminary results confirm the clinical value of irinotecan in 5-FU resistant metastatic colorectal cancer with tolerable toxicity profile. Irinotecan should be considered as the basic chemotherapeutic agent for second line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.     

Results of imatinib therapy in late-stage chronic myeloid leukemia after treatment with interferon-alpha

BACKGROUND: Chronic myelogenous leukemia is characterised by the presence of Philadelphia translocation and consecutive expression of bcr-abl oncogene with enhanced tyrosine kinase activity, which is known to be the essential pathogenetic event in the disease. Imatinib (Glivec, formerly STI571) is a highly selective inhibitor of the bcr-abl tyrosine kinase which has shown a promising therapeutic activity in chronic myeloid leukemia as the first molecularly targeted antinoplastic treatment. METHODS: Between January 2001 and October 2001, 54 patients with chronic phase CML, resistant or intolerant to interferon-alpha were enrolled into the Novartis Expanded Access Study (Protocol 0113). Patients characteristics were as follows: male/female: 32/22, median age: 49 years (range: 22-75), median duration of disease: 44 months (range: 3-152). All patients received 400 mg imatinib orally. RESULTS: Complete hematologic response was obtained in 53 patients (96%) within 4 weeks. Major cytogenetic response (< 35% Ph+ metaphasis) was achieved after 6 months in 62.9%, and after 12 months in 64.8% of patients. Three patients progressed during the treatment (loss of complete hematologic response or cytogenetic response 1, blastic phase 2). The treatment was well tolerated, with mild side effects. Main non-hematologic side effects were weight gain and fluid retention. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm that imatinib is highly active in inducing complete hematologic response and major cytogenetic response in most patients who failed interferon-alpha. Treatment was well tolerated with rare and mild adverse events and impressive improvement of quality of life.     

Second-line chemotherapy with paclitaxel for ovarian cancer]

The authors summerize the results of second-line combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel (175 mg/m2, 3h) and carboplatin (AUC 5 mg/ml.min) in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. The paclitaxel/carboplatin therapy was applied in 57 patients in 297 courses (median course/patient was 5, range 2, 12). Complete response (CR) was found in 3 patients (3/57 = 5%), however the tumorous process progressed after some time. The median progression free interval (PFI) was found to be 15 (range 3,130) weeks, with an average of 24.3 +/- 26.5 weeks. The authors conclude, that second-line paclitaxel combination therapy produces poorer results than the first-line treatment. These results, which are similar to the literature data have led to the agreement: paclitaxel can be applied in ovarian cancer patients only in first-line chemotherapy in Hungary from the year 2000.