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1.
Summary Temporal dynamics of soil nematode community structure at the depth of 0 — 30 cm was compared under invasive Ambrosia trifida and native Chenopodium serotinum in an abandoned cropland in Northeast China. The results showed the difference of nematode taxa and dominant genera under
A. trifida and C. serotinum during the study period. Acrobeloides and Paratylenchus were found to be dominant genera under both A. trifida and C. serotinum. Helicotylenchus prevailed in soil with C. serotinum, while Macroposthonia was dominant in soil with A. trifida. Nematode taxa was higher under A. trifida than under C. serotinum from June to September. Except in the July, significantly higher numbers of plant-parasites were observed under A. trifida than under C. serotinum during the study period (P < 0.05). Nematode taxa, Simpson index and structure index were found to be sensitive indicators
that detected nematode community structural differences under A. trifida and C. serotinum during the study period. 相似文献
2.
D. Konjević M. Špakulová R. Beck M. Goldová K. Severin J. Margaletić K. Pintur T. Keros S. Perić 《Helminthologia》2007,44(1):34-36
Summary The present study reports for the first time on the helminth species occurring in the gastro-intestinal system of fat dormice
(Glis glis) in Croatia. Out of 55 dormice, 63.7 % harboured helminths belonging to two species, the nematode Paraheligmonina gracilis (syn. Longistriata elpatievskii) (Heligmonellidae, Trichostrogyloidea) in the prevalence of 52.7 %, and the cestode Hymenolepis sulcata (Hymenolepididae, Cyclophyllidea) in the prevalence of 32.7 %. Concurrent infections of both parasites were found in 12 fat
dormice, P. gracilis alone was detected in 17 hosts and H. sulcata alone in 6 samples. No influence of parasitic infestation on animal weight was observed. Glirid helminths do not represent
zoonotic pathogens despite the fact that dormice occasionally inhabit cottages and village houses, and are used in human nutrition. 相似文献
3.
Summary A pot culture experiment was carried out to study the effects of land use history and inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumberinum Owen (Foc) on soil nematodes communities during the cucumber growing season in 2007. The results showed that land use history and inoculation
had significant effects on the abundance and diversity of soil nematodes. Bacterivores were found to be the most dominant
group in this study. Irrespective of inoculation, numbers of fungivores, plant-parasites and values of trophic diversity index
(TD) and plant-parasites index (PPI) were greater in greenhouse soils (GH) than in open field vegetable soils (OF) during
the growth period of cucumber. While, the number of omnivores-predators and values of richness (SR) and maturity index (MI)
presented an opposite trend. Foc inoculation had noticeable effects on numbers of plant-parasites and some taxa, such as Helicotylenchus, Epidorlaimus at flowering stage and Aphelenchus, Tobrilus at fruiting stage. Besides, inoculation significantly affected values of PPI at flowering stage and TD at fruiting stage,
respectively. The faunal analysis showed that soil food web in GH was highly disturbed and in OF was degraded. 相似文献
4.
M. Lišková 《Helminthologia》2010,47(1):67-68
In soil of floodplain forests along the Danube and Moravia Rivers a rare nematode species Paratrophurus hungaricus Andrássy, 1973 was recorded for the first time from the territory of Slovakia. Presented here are some notes on morphology
and ecology of the species observed. 相似文献
5.
Summary Two experiments were carried out to assess the efficacy of different chemicals (azoxystrobin, fosthiazate, metham-sodium)
and of the chitinolytic fungus Aphanocladium album (isolate MX-95), that could be alternatives to methyl bromide, against the soil borne pathogen Pyrenochaeta lycopersici and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on tomato in a plastic house in southern Italy. In the first trial, the treatments were azoxystrobin (1.25 l a.i. /ha), fosthiazate
(1.5 l a.i. /ha) and biological control agent Aphanocladium album isolate MX-95 (2.5 l/plot at 2×107 CFU/ml; plot surface 96 m2). In the second experiment, treatments were metham-sodium (1000 l c.p./ha) and A. album (5 l/plot at 1×107 CFU/ml). In both trials, chemicals and the fungus were applied by via sub-irrigation. Satisfactory control of the corky root
and the root-knot nematode attack and a significant yield increase were obtained by application of azoxystrobin, fosthiazate
and metham-sodium. A significant reduction of M. incognita soil population density occurred in plots treated with A. album. Also, high positive correlations were found between the symptoms caused on tomato roots by M. incognita and P. lycopersici. 相似文献
6.
G. Bagrade V. Šnábel T. Romig J. Ozoliņš M. Hüttner M. Miterpáková D. Ševcová P. Dubinský 《Helminthologia》2008,45(4):157-161
Summary 45 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from various regions of Latvia were examined by necropsy between 2003 and 2008 for the presence and infection intensity
of Echinococcus multilocularis. The overall prevalence was 35.6 %, with the intensity of infection ranging from 1 to 1438. Although a limited number of
foxes were examined, the prevalence was high and infected animals were found throughout the country. Considering the increasing
number of humans infected with echinococcosis in Latvia since 2002, the situation is highly suggestive of a recent emergence
of E. multilocularis. DNA sequences of four fox isolates were examined by multilocus analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes (cox1, nad1, rrnS, atp6, actII). All isolates were allocated to the predominant genetic form in Europe, with partial affinity of one isolate to a genotype
that had previously been reported from southern Germany. 相似文献
7.
E. Gjurčević Z. Petrinec Z. Kozarić S. Kužir V. Gjurčević Kantura M. Vučemilo P. Džaja 《Helminthologia》2007,44(4):214-216
Summary The presence of metacercariae of Centrocestus formosanus was detected on the gills of goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) imported from Singapore and obtained from two pet shops. This is the first report of the parasite in Croatia. The histopathological
changes observed lead to the conclusion that the infection could be one of the reasons for the death of goldfish. 相似文献
8.
Detailed epidemiological survey on distribution of fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis was carried out in the territory of Slovakia between 2000 and 2010. A total of 4 761 red foxes from all districts of Slovakia
were investigated using modified sedimentation and counting method. E. multilocularis was found in small intestines of 1 441 animals that represent an overall prevalence of 30.3 %. The number of tapeworms found
in individual foxes varied between 1 and 245 000 specimens with mean worm burden of 1 777. The results of decennial epizootological
research confirmed the existence of highly endemic localities with E. multilocularis occurrence in northern regions of Slovakia. Till today, 16 human cases of alveolar echinococcosis were registered whereas
14 of them were diagnosed in patients living in endemic localities. 相似文献
9.
Summary The prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in 214 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in the southern part of Poland (Małopolskie voivodship) was evaluated post mortem in 2005. Infected foxes were found in
8 districts within 17 examined, with the prevalence from 10.0 % to 63.9 % (a mean 20.1 % in the whole study area). The highest
prevalence (41.2 % and 63.9 %) was revealed in two districts, in the south and the east of the province, respectively. The
high prevalence of E. multilocularis in red foxes in the region previously recognised as that of low parasite endemicity provides evidence for the need of regular
screening of the current epidemiological situation in foxes as well as the monitoring of humans from risk groups for early
recognition of possible AE cases. 相似文献
10.
B. L. Zheng L. H. Xiao X. R. Wang D. M. Li Y. X. Lu Y. Zhang Q. B. Yan M. X. Song 《Helminthologia》2007,44(3):120-125
Summary To study the function of the 49 kDa excretory-secretory (ES) protein gene (P49) of Trichinella, the genes was amplified by RT-PCR from RNA of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella nativa and several Chinese Trichinella isolates of domestic animals, and sequenced after being cloned. The amplified products of these parasites produced bands
of about 950 bp. The 97.2 % to 100 % nucleotides identity and 94.3 % to 100 % identity of deduced amino acids among P49 gene
of these Trichinella strains showed the close relationship of these parasites. The P49 gene of T. nativa was cloned into the BamHI site of the prokaryotic expression vector pET-30a, and the recombinant vector was expressed. The
expressed product was 40.8 kDa in size. In Western blot analysis, the expressed product was reactive to sera of mice infected
with T. nativa, T. spiralis and their Chinese geographical strains. 相似文献
11.
Summary Seventy-nine owned dogs (47 males and 32 females) from Antakya province were examined for E. granulosus by coproantigen ELISA (CHEKIT?-ECHINOTEST) between April to July in 2006. The estimated prevalence of E. granulosus infection was 8.86 % (7/79). Mean age of the dogs with E. granulosus was 2.3 years ranging from one to five years. There was no statistically significant difference regarding the prevalence
between male and female dogs. A significant difference was detected between unrestrained (or free roaming) and indoor or chained
dogs (p < 0.05). Although the prevalence of the E. granulosus infection in owned dogs in Antakya province is low, the incidence was quite high in the unrestrained and undewormed dogs.
Therefore a preventive control programme in the dogs should be initiated in this region. 相似文献
12.
Summary A survey for presence of Xiphinema species was undertaken in the viticulture areas of Tyrnavos, Thessally, Greece. Soil samples were collected from existing
vineyards and from fields where grapevines had been uprooted and were currently under fallow or a cereal crop. The species
X. index, X. italiae and X. pachtaicum were present in 37% of the samples with a prevalence of the last two species in uprooted fields. The occurrence of X. italiae in association with light sandy soils is discussed and compared with similar findings from other Greek grapevine areas. 相似文献
13.
Zhiyu Zhang Qing Zheng Xiaoyu Chen Shudong Xiao Wenzhong Liu Hong Lu 《BMC gastroenterology》2008,8(1):49
Background
The prevalence of H. pylori is as high as 60–70% in Chinese population. Although duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer are both caused by H. pylori, they are at opposite ends of the spectrum and as such are considered mutually exclusive. Duodenal ulcer promoting (dupA) gene was reported to be associated with duodenal ulcer development. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dupA gene of Helicobacter pylori in patients with various gastroduodenal diseases and to explore the association between the gene and other virulence factors. 相似文献14.
A pot experiment on potato was carried out to verify the nematicidal effect of four composts of different origin (C1: 70 %
horse manure + 15 % sugar beet pomace + 5 % poultry manure + 10% grape pomace; C2: 100 % pig manure decomposed by juveniles
of Musca domestica; C3: 100 % vermicompost from medical plants wastes; C4: 100% vermicompost from cattle manure) on the potato cyst nematodes
G. rostochiensis (Ro1) and G. pallida (Pa2 and Pa3). Composts at different rates (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 % w/w) were mixed with the nematode infested soils. Pots with
unamended soils were used as control. Pots (4 l) were arranged in a glasshouse according to a randomized block design with
four replications per each treatment. A significant reduction in number of cysts, eggs and juveniles/cyst and eggs and juveniles/g
soil was observed in each compost in comparison to unamended soil. The suppressive nematode effect increased according to
the compost NH4+ content and compost rate. 相似文献
15.
Summary Morphological features of adult specimens of Ascaridia hermaphrodita and A. platyceri (Nematoda: Ascaridida), parasitizing parrots (Psittaciformes), were studied for the first time using scanning electron microscopy.
The morphology of A. hermaphrodita, the type species of Ascaridia, coincides fully with the generic diagnosis. The shape of the labial inner structure (two spoon-like projections), cervical
alae and spicule with cuticular wings were typical for this species. A. hermaphrodita has been found in the Czech Republic for the first time in a new host, Amazona pretrei, from Brazil. The morphology of Ascaridia platyceri does not correspond with the generic diagnosis in all aspects, as some variation was found, mainly in the presence of interlabia,
small teeth in the inner ribbon of the lips and long lateral alae. These morphological characteristics in other species of
Ascaridia are discussed. The generic diagnosis is to include the statement “interlabia very rarely present”. 相似文献
16.
17.
Summary Data on prevalence and current distribution of the cestode Nippotaenia mogurndae Yamaguti and Miyata, 1940 (Nippotaeniidea) in Slovakia, are provided. A total of 163 fish from 8 localities of different
types in the Tisa River basin were infected with N. mogurndae. The mean intensity of infection was 1.8 with a maximum of 5 tapeworms. The expansion of the distribution of the cestode
corresponds well with the spreading of its host, the invasive fish Amur sleeper Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877. The Spearmann correlation coefficient was used to test the relationship between the intensity of infection
and standard length of the fish (r = 0.36; n = 163; P < 0.05), condition coefficient of the fish (r = 0.22; n = 115; P < 0.05)
and season (r = −0.37; n = 355; P < 0.05). A significant correlation was confirmed for each pair of variables. There is a
statistically significant difference between the prevalence of the cestode in two functional size groups (t = 3.28; n = 163;
P < 0.05). The prevalence of the cestode increased with the standard length of fish. The potential risk of further expansion
of N. mogurndae to other countries is discussed. 相似文献
18.
Summary
Pomphorhynchus laevis (Müller, 1776) was recovered from Marsh frogs (Rana ridibunda), collected in three localities, Yesilirmak River (Amasya Province), Civril Isikli Lake and Bagbasi district (Denizli Province)
from Turkey. This is the first report of Pomphorhynchus laevis from a frog in Turkey. 相似文献
19.
Summary Toxocariasis is a common human zoonosis, which induces a clinically unapparent course of infection. Diagnosis is difficult
and relies upon serological testing (searching of specific IgG antibodies by ELISA), laboratory abnormalities and clinical
manifestations. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was adapted for the detection of Toxocara canis larvae in a host tissue. Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were used as an animal model for human toxocariasis. 8 animals were inoculated with 1000 T. canis eggs, four uninfected were used as control. At 3, 5, 7, and 14 days post-infection, 2 infected and 1 control gerbil were
killed and their livers were used for molecular analysis. Specific primer in the PCR reaction allowed identification of T. canis larvae, with the parasite gDNA found in the liver of all infected gerbils. The results indicate that the PCR method has a
potential as a supporting technique for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis. 相似文献
20.
E. Karanastasi I. L. P. M. da Conceição M. C. V. dos Santos E. A. Tzortzakakis I. M. de O. Abrantes 《Helminthologia》2008,45(1):52-53
Summary The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne arenaria was found in Greece infecting balm (Melissa officinalis L.) and grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). The isolate from balm was M. arenaria while the one from grapevine was a mixture of M. arenaria and M. javanica (prevalent species). This is the first report of the M. arenaria species in the country in which identification was based on biochemical methods and its occurrence on balm is a new host
record. 相似文献