Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction of retinal ganglion cells injury exposures in long-term blue light

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted steepest-meridian clear corneal incisions for correcting preexisting corneal astigmatism performed during cataract surgery. METHODS: This prospective case series study comprised consecutive age-related cataract patients with corneal regular astigmatism (range: +0.75 to +2.50 D) who had femtosecond laser-assisted steepest-meridian clear corneal incisions (single or paired). Corneal astigmatism was measured by the Pentacam preoperatively and 3 mo postoperatively. Total corneal astigmatism and steepest-meridian measured in the 3-mm central zone were used to guide the location, size and number of clear corneal incision. The vector analysis of astigmatic change was performed using the Alpins method. RESULTS: Totally 138 eyes of 138 patients were included. The mean preoperative corneal astigmatism was 1.31±0.41 D, and was significantly reduced to 0.69±0.34 D (equivalent to difference vector) after surgery (P<0.01). The surgically-induced astigmatism was 1.02±0.54 D. The correction index (ratio of target induced astigmatism and surgically-induced astigmatism: 0.72±0.36) as well as the magnitude of error (difference between surgically-induced astigmatism and target induced astigmatism: -0.29±0.51) represented a slight under correction. For angle of error, the arithmetic mean was 1.11±13.70, indicating no significant systematic alignment errors. CONCLUSION: Femtosecond-assisted steepest-meridian clear corneal incision is a fast, customizable, adjustable, precise, and safe technique for the reduction of low to moderate corneal astigmatism during cataract surgery.     

Combined astigmatic keratotomy with corneal valvular incision in the treatment of high surgical astigmatism

Background: Astigmatic keratotomy is used conventionally to correct moderate surgical astigmatism. However, cases with very high surgical astigmatism due to wound compression can show a dramatic response to relaxing keratotomies made in the steeper meridian. The effect obtained cannot be predicted pre-operatively by using standard nomograms. Methods: Coupled arcuate keratotomies combined with corneal valvular incisions were performed in a case of high astigmatism post-cataract surgery. Results/Conclusion: Coupled arcuate keratotomies were combined with a corneal valvular incision enabled a surgical correction of nearly 9 D of astigmatism.     

Femtosecond laser astigmatic keratotomy for postkeratoplasty astigmatism

CASE REPORT: Two eyes of 2 patients with high astigmatism following penetrating keratoplasty were treated with femtosecond laser-assisted paired arcuate keratotomies in the donor cornea. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity, refraction, keratometry, and topographic findings. The preoperative cylinder was 8.5 diopters (D) in the first case and 7.0 D in the second case. Respectively, the postoperative cylinder improved to 4.9 D after a follow-up of 8 months and to 4.3 D after a follow-up of 7 months. Best-corrected visual acuity improved from 20/100 to 20/30 in the first case and from 20/200 to 20/60 in the second case. No complications were encountered; no microperforations were observed, and neither graft rejection nor failure occurred. COMMENTS: The results of astigmatic keratotomy performed with femtosecond laser were reliable and predictable. Femtosecond astigmatic keratotomy may prove to be a safe procedure with satisfactory results.     

飞秒激光弧形角膜切开术对白内障合并角膜散光患者的矫正效果

目的　探讨飞秒激光弧形角膜切开术对白内障合并角膜散光患者的矫正效果。方法　选取33例（36眼）白内障合并角膜散光≥0.75 D的患者作为研究对象,均行飞秒激光弧形角膜切开术来矫正角膜散光。术前测患者裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力,用Pentacam三维眼前节分析系统测量角膜散光。行飞秒激光辅助的超声乳化白内障手术,术中弧形切口直径为9 mm,深度为90%。术后3个月时复查患者角膜散光、裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力,并用Alpins矢量分析法进行散光分析,主要观察以下矢量数据,即目标诱导散光向量、手术诱导散光向量、差异向量和矫正指数。结果　术前患者角膜散光为（1.16±0.35）D,术后3个月下降到（0.54±0.22）D,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。术前裸眼远视力为0.81±0.42,术后3个月提高到0.26±0.24,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。术前最佳矫正远视力为0.76±0.30,术后3个月提高到0.09±0.12,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。对患者术前术后角膜散光的变化进行矢量分析显示,目标诱导散光向量为0.80～2.20（1.16±0.35）D,手术诱导散光向量为0.40～1.80（1.07±0.40）D,差异向量为0.20～1.00（0.54±0.22）D。矫正指数为0.89±0.35,理想值为1,提示总体为少许欠矫。大部分患眼（32眼）角度误差在15°范围内。成功指数平均值为0.47,提示还残留部分散光未得到矫正。通过公式计算可以得到散光矫正的成功率为53.0%。变平效果平均值为0.94,变平指数平均值为0.83。结论　飞秒激光弧形角膜切开术能有效矫正白内障合并角膜散光患者的角膜散光。     

双眼角膜散光白内障分别植入多焦IOL和散光IOL的临床观察

目的：观察双眼存在不同程度角膜散光的白内障患者分别植入多焦点人工晶状体、散光人工晶状体的临床效果。

方法：观察组为年龄相关性白内障患者20例40眼,术前角膜规则散光一眼1.50～2.50(平均2.15±0.87)D,植入散光晶状体,另一眼角膜散光<1.50D,平均0.78±0.26D,植入多焦点人工晶状体(MIOL)。对照组为同期双眼均植入MIOL的20例40眼年龄相关性白内障患者,规则角膜散光≤1.00D,平均0.62±0.34D。比较术后3mo观察组的散光晶状体眼与MIOL眼的远近裸眼视力及对照组与观察组患者双眼合视的远近裸眼视力。

结果：观察组患者Toric人工晶状体眼的裸眼远、近视力分别为0.81±0.32和0.58±0.27,MIOL眼远、近视力分别为0.76±0.28和0.67±0.24,两眼间差异无统计学意义(t=0.797,P>0.05; t=1.243,P>0.05); 观察组双眼合视的远近视力分别为0.90±0.33和0.79±0.22,对照组双眼合视的远近视力分别为0.92±0.25和0.85±0.28,两者比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.601,P>0.05; t=0.875,P>0.05)。

结论：双眼存在程度不同角膜散光的白内障患者,一眼植入多焦点人工晶状体、另眼植入散光人工晶状体同样可以提高患者术后的脱镜率。     

Effect of hinged lamellar keratotomy on post-keratoplasty astigmatism and vision

Purpose: To show that hinged lamellar keratotomy alone affects refraction and vision in post‐keratoplasty eyes. Methods: A retrospective, non‐comparative, interventional case series was conducted on 28 eyes of 26 patients who had two‐stage laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) after penetrating keratoplasty. Records were reviewed with respect to the hinged lamellar keratotomy component of the procedure. The interval between keratoplasty and keratotomy was at least 1 year, and the follow‐up period averaged 29 ± 10 days. The Automated Corneal Shaper with nasal hinge was used. In addition to basic empirical astigmatism calculations, the Alpins method of astigmatism analysis was also employed to ensure that the influence of changes in cylinder axis were correctly taken into account when calculating the refractive change. Results: Surgically induced astigmatism from hinged lamellar keratotomy was not statistically significant in this series; however, the range in values (?9.06 to +7.57 D) has potential clinical ramifications. Nearly 70% of cases studied experienced surgically induced astigmatism of at least 2 D. Mean preoperative uncorrected vision was logMAR 1.06 ± 0.41, which improved marginally postoperatively to logMAR 1.03 ± 0.44 (P = 0.36). Best spectacle‐corrected visual acuity averaged logMAR 0.21 ± 0.16 preoperatively, improving to logMAR 0.09 ± 0.15 (range ?0.18 to 0.42) postoperatively, which was a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.01). No difference in refractive or visual outcomes was identified when those with keratoconus were compared to those with other underlying corneal disease processes. Conclusion: Although mean surgically induced astigmatism was not statistically significant, hinged lamellar keratotomy caused considerable changes in astigmatism in nearly 70% of post‐keratoplasty eyes studied. This suggests that clinically significant inaccuracies may result if a one‐stage LASIK procedure is performed on such patients. The authors suggest that reassessment of refraction after keratotomy may improve refractive outcomes.     

白内障术中飞秒激光弧形角膜切开术矫正角膜散光的疗效

目的：研究白内障术中飞秒激光弧形角膜切开术（FSAK）矫正术前角膜散光的临床疗效。方法：回顾性病例对照研究。连续纳入北京爱尔英智眼科医院2017年3月至2021年12月术前规则角膜散光为0.75~2.00 D且接受飞秒激光辅助白内障手术的患者89例（89眼）。所有患者按照术前角膜散光轴位分为顺规散光组（90°±30°）、逆规散光组（180°±30°）及斜轴散光组（45°±15°、135°±15°）。飞秒激光辅助白内障手术及弧形角膜切开术使用Lensx平台。观察患者总体和顺规、逆规散光组术前及术后3个月角膜散光的变化及分布情况。使用配对样本t检验或Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较总体及各亚组术前、术后的散光差异；使用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验比较顺规散光组及逆规散光组的差异；散光变化的分析采用Alpins矢量分析法。结果：纳入的89例（89眼）患者中，顺规散光组38例，逆规散光组44例，斜轴散光组7例。所有患者角膜水平径为（11.48±0.57）mm，垂直径为（10.66±0.60）mm。患者总体术后裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力相比术前有显著改善（Z=8.01、-7.49，P<0.001）。总体术前角膜散光为（1.28±0.33）D，术后3个月残余散光（0.67±0.37）D，散光矫正量为（0.61±0.33）D。顺规及逆规散光组角膜散光矫正量分别为（0.48±0.27）D、（0.74±0.34）D。总体及顺规、逆规散光组术后平坦轴角膜曲率均有明显升高，而陡峭轴角膜曲率则出现明显下降。矢量分析法显示总体散光矫正指数为0.63±0.30，平坦指数为0.58±0.30，成功指数为0.51±0.25，误差角为-1.83°±12.59°。逆规散光组矫正效果最佳，矫正指数为0.81±0.25，平坦指数为 0.75±0.26，成功指数为0.40±0.24；顺规散光组次之，矫正指数为0.42±0.21，平坦指数为0.39±0.21，成功指数为0.63±0.21。结论：白内障术中FSAK矫正术前角膜散光具有良好的有效性和安全性，相同的弧形切口设计方式在逆规散光中取得了更好的疗效，角膜直径可能是产生影响的重要因素。     

白内障囊内摘除术后Ⅱ期IOL植入术中角膜弧形切开减少散光的作用

目的：探讨Ⅱ期人工晶状体植入联合个体化选择角膜弧形切开切口对提高白内障囊内摘除术后无晶状体眼裸眼视力的作用。 方法：随机选择白内障囊内摘除术后患者48例50眼,根据角膜曲率计检查结果以角膜最大屈光力径线方向为中心做巩膜隧道主切口并在主切口的对侧做角膜弧形切开辅助切口,行虹膜夹型人工晶状体植入术。分别测量术前、术后不同时期的角膜散光及裸视视力。 结果：术前、术后3d;1,3,6,12mo的平均角膜散光分别为＋3.18±0.68,-1.56±0.73,＋0.87±0.51,＋1.21±0.70,＋1.33±0.68,＋1.48±0.48D;术后3d;1,3,6,12mo的裸眼视力分别为0.5±0.38,0.56±0.23,0.55±0.24,0.52±0.28,0.51±0.25。 结论：Ⅱ期人工晶状体植入联合角膜弧形切开术有利于提高术后裸眼视力并降低白内障囊内摘除术后无晶状体眼术前角膜散光,并且具有操作简单、手术损伤小、费用低廉等优点,适合在白内障囊内摘除术后的无晶状体眼手术矫正视力中应用。     

个性化复合式切口在基层扶贫白内障手术中的临床应用

目的: 探讨根据角膜散光轴位选择复合性手术切口以降低术前角膜散光度在基层扶贫白内障手术中的作用。方法: 根据角膜曲率计选择角膜散光度数≥1.50D的白内障患者100例100眼,以角膜最大屈光力径线方向为中心做巩膜隧道主切口并在主切口的对侧做辅助切口,行白内障小切口囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术。分别测量术前、术后3d;1,3,6,12mo的角膜散光及裸视视力。结果: 术前、术后3d;1,3,6,12mo的平均角膜散光分别为+2.08±0.666,-1.06±0.75,+0.67±0.71,+1.11±0.77,+1.20±0.88,+1.30±0.68D;术前、术后3d;1,3,6,12mo的裸眼视力分别为0.30±0.19,0.55±0.25,0.69±0.21,0.66±0.18,0.65±0.20,0.60±0.22。结论: 个性化复合式手术切口这一技术适合在基层大批量扶贫白内障手术中广泛应用,具有疗效确切、操作简单、手术时间短、费用低廉等优点。     

重视白内障合并角膜散光的精准手术矫正问题

临床上白内障合并角膜散光患者较为常见,而以往白内障超声乳化术中散光并未得到精准矫正,严重影响术眼术后的屈光功能和视觉质量.术前精确测量角膜散光的大小和轴向是白内障屈光手术术中确定角膜切开位置或植入Toric人工晶状体(IOL)的关键.联合应用IOLMaster计算IOL球镜度数、利用Pentacam测定全角膜曲率、采用VERION导航系统可提供精准的术前检查数据和良好的术后效果,使得白内障术中可以通过改进手术切口、弧形角膜切开和植入适宜的Toric IOL来矫正角膜散光.飞秒激光弧形角膜切开联合白内障超声乳化可有效、安全和精准地矫正中低度角膜散光,改善视功能.为提高白内障屈光手术的准确性,我们应进一步研究建立角膜生物力学数字化模型、改良手术量计算方案,以增进飞秒激光角膜切开矫正角膜散光的可预测性和精准性.     

国人近视人群角膜前表面散光与眼球散光的定量分析

目的:研究国人近视人群角膜前表面散光与眼球散光的关系,为眼屈光手术设计提供参考。方法:连续性资料358眼。采用日本TOMEY公司的TMS-4角膜地形图仪进行角膜前表面地形图检查,获取角膜前表面散光度数及轴向;用日本TOPCON公司的RM8000自动电脑验光仪进行散瞳验光,获取眼球散光度数和轴向。结果:眼球散光与角膜前表面散光的比值为0.811±0.665;眼球散光<0.50D者150眼,散光度数差异、散光轴向差异均有统计学意义;散光度数、散光轴向均正相关;0.50D≤眼球散光<1.00D者122眼,散光度数差异有统计学意义;轴向差异无统计学意义;散光度数无相关性,散光轴向正相关;眼球散光≥1.00D者86眼,散光度数差异无统计学意义;散光轴向差异有统计学意义;散光度数、散光轴向均正相关。结论:角膜后表面及晶状体对角膜前表面散光有一定的补偿作用;角膜前表面散光与眼球散光正相关,散光度数越高,相关程度越高;角膜屈光手术根据眼球散光进行手术设计可能较好,屈光性晶状体置换术及白内障手术可根据角膜前表面散光确定手术切口位置。     

Differences in energy and corneal endothelium between femtosecond laser-assisted and conventional cataract surgeries: prospective, intraindividual, randomized controlled trial

AIM: To compare intraoperative phacoemulsification parameters and its effect on the corneal endothelium of eyes undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) versus conventional phacoemulsification (CP) cataract surgery. METHODS: Two hundred eyes from one hundred patients were included in a prospective, non-blinded, randomized, controlled, intraindividual clinical study. One hundred eyes underwent FLACS while their one hundred fellow eyes underwent CP. All surgeries were performed using the Victus® femtosecond laser platform and Infinity® Vision System phacoemulsification machine. Primary outcome measure was endothelial cell density 6mo after surgery. Secondary outcome measures included central corneal thickness (CCT), average cell area, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and hexagonality before surgery and 6mo after surgery and endothelial cell density loss during this period were also evaluated. Intraoperative efficiency parameters [cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), total intraocular surgery time, total ultrasound time, total phacoemulsification time, total torsional energy time, total aspiration time, ultrasound energy, torsional amplitude and fluid required during surgery] were also collated. RESULTS: Data from these patients was not considered for analysis. Data from 92 patients were analysed. Postoperative endothelial cell density (cells/mm2) between groups (2211.88±392.49 CP; 2246.31±403.48 FLACS) was not statistically significant (P=0.869). Total ultrasound time, torsional energy time, CDE and fluid requirements were significantly lower the FLACS group (P<0.05). Other parameters did not show statistically significant difference between FLACS and CP. CONCLUSION: FLACS displays significant improvements in phacoemulsification parameters in comparison to CP. There are no significant differences in corneal endothelium measures between FLACS and CP.     

Toric人工晶状体植入矫正老年性白内障合并角膜散光的疗效

目的：探讨老年性白内障合并角膜散光行超声乳化摘除联合Toric人工晶状体植入的临床效果,比较Acrysof Toric人工晶状体植入前后的视觉质量。

方法：选择老年性白内障合并角膜散光的患者34例为研究对象,进行白内障超声乳化摘除联合Toric人工晶状体植入,观察术前和术后3mo的临床效果,包括裸眼视力(UCVA),最佳矫正视力(BCVA),全眼残余散光,人工晶状体转动度数,视远脱镜情况。

结果：所有患者Toric人工晶状体均成功植入。术前UCVA 0.15±0.06,术后UCVA上升至0.65±0.15(P<0.01); 术前BCVA 0.37±0.13,术后BCVA上升至0.85±0.19(P<0.01); 全眼散光由术前2.14±0.69D降低至0.73±0.36D(P<0.01),97%的患者人工晶状体转位<5°,平均旋转2.6°±1.3°,术后3mo视远脱镜率达95%。

结论：Toric人工晶状体能够有效矫正白内障合并的角膜散光,晶状体在囊袋内具有良好的稳定性,提高了患者的术后视觉质量。     

不同位置角膜切口对白内障术后角膜散光和视力的影响

目的：探讨不同位置角膜切口对白内障术后角膜散光和视力的影响,提高白内障患者术后视觉质量。方法：选取行超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的患者96例96眼,随机分为两组,各48例48眼,使其有可比性。 A组患者角膜切口选择右眼在颞上、左眼在鼻上。 B组角膜切口根据曲率检查选择在角膜最大子午线轴向。结果：两组患者术后1wk,1、3mo视力比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1wk,1mo时A组患者角膜散光度分别为4.03±0.41、3.72±0.35D,B组分别为2.96±0.38、1.29±0.15D,均较治疗前明显增高,且A组明显高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3mo时两组患者散光度均与术前差别不大,且两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术前两组患者散光轴向均以逆规最为常见,术后1 wk顺规性散光增多,明显多于术前,术前术后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),至术后1、3mo顺规性散光逐渐减少,逆规性散光逐渐增加,接近术前。两组患者不同时间角膜散光轴向比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：白内障超声乳化术透明角膜切口选择在角膜最大散光子午线方向可以有效减少术后早期散光度数,但是对于远期角膜散光影响不大,而且对患者视力影响不大。在条件允许的情况下,可以通过该方式制作角膜切口,但是考虑到手术复杂性提高,意义不大。     

3.2 mm透明角膜切口超声乳化术治疗放射状角膜切开术后白内障的效果及安全性

目的  评估3.2 mm透明角膜切口超声乳化术治疗放射状角膜切开术（radial keratotomy,RK）后白内障的效果与安全性。设计  回顾性病例系列。研究对象  既往有RK手术史的白内障患者8例13眼,其中RK角膜瘢痕为8刀者2例4眼,12刀者3例4眼,16刀者3例5眼。方法  由同一手术医师进行3.2 mm透明角膜切口超声乳化人工晶状体植入术。8刀RK组中,角膜主切口位于相邻两条放射状角膜瘢痕之间,未与瘢痕接触;12刀RK组中,主切口跨越1条角膜瘢痕;16刀RK组中,主切口跨越2条角膜瘢痕。于术后1天,1周,1、3、6个月,1、2、3年进行随访,观察角膜RK瘢痕情况、并发症处理及术后视力恢复情况。主要指标 有无RK瘢痕裂开、术后最佳矫正视力、角膜散光、角膜内皮细胞密度。结果  8刀RK组和12刀RK组术中均未发生角膜RK瘢痕裂开,术毕切口密闭良好;16刀RK组中,2眼发生术中角膜瘢痕裂开,1眼采用前房注气封闭切口,另1眼采用主切口下注入黏弹剂,侧切口前房注气封闭切口。随访过程中,所有13眼术后角膜切口密闭良好,均未出现新发角膜瘢痕裂开。最后1次复查时,最佳矫正视力为（0.67±0.18）较术前（0.29±0.20）提高（t=-6.077,P=0.000）,角膜散光（1.69±1.23 D）较术前（1.28±0.78 D）无明显变化（t=-0.758,P=0.470）,角膜内皮细胞密度（1716.95±906.79/mm2）较术前（2383.97±833.39/mm2）降低（t=2.995,P=0.012）。结论  8刀、12刀RK术后白内障患者行超声乳化手术时采用3.2 mm透明角膜切口是安全的,16刀者术中易发生角膜瘢痕裂开,对此应采用更小的角膜切口或采用传统的角巩膜隧道切口。     

Comparison of clinical outcomes of astigmatic correction using toric intraocular lens

AIM: To compare the clinical effects of two brands of Toric intraocular lens used in surgical correction of cataract with corneal astigmatism. METHODS: Totally 35 patients (50 eyes) with corneal astigmatism who underwent ophthalmic surgery from April 2019 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 25 eyes of 20 patients were implanted with Rayner 623T, while 25 eyes of 15 patients with Alcon AcrySof Toric intraocular lens (IOL). Three months after surgery, the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), residual astigmatism, rotational degree of intraocular lens, contrast sensitivity, objective visual quality and the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) scale score were compared. Vector analysis was performed using the Alpins method. RESULTS: The mean postoperative UCDVA and BCDVA (logMAR) in the Rayner group were 0.17±0.20 and 0.08±0.15, respectively (P>0.05), while those in the Alcon group were 0.21±0.16 and 0.10±0.11, respectively (P>0.05). The mean residual astigmatism in the Rayner group was -0.57±0.24 D while that in the Alcon group was -0.50±0.28 D (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in IOL rotational stability, vector analysis parameters, contrast sensitivity and objective visual quality (P>0.05). The NEI VFQ-25 scale score was 85.16±5.91 in the Rayner group while it was 82.08±6.16 in the Alcon group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The two brands of toric intraocular lens-Rayner 623T and Alcon AcrySof toric show no significant difference in their clinical outcomes.     

双焦点Toric人工晶状体植入矫正白内障合并角膜散光的疗效观察

目的：评价白内障超声乳化吸除联合双焦点Toric人工晶状体(IOL)植入术的散光矫正临床效果。

方法：回顾性分析。纳入2020-08/2021-09间我院白内障超声乳化吸除联合双焦点Toric IOL治疗白内障合并角膜规则散光患者46例46眼的临床资料。术后随访3mo,评价术前及术后1、3mo裸眼远视力(UDVA)、裸眼近视力(UNVA)、矫正远视力(BCDVA)、矫正近视力(BCNVA)及散光的变化。测量并计算IOL轴位旋转度,行问卷调查在不同距离使用眼镜的必要性以及总体满意度。

结果：术后1、3mo UDVA、BCDVA、UNVA、BCNVA与术前比较均有差异(均P<0.001),而术后1mo UDVA、BCDVA、UNVA、BCNVA与术后3mo比较均无差异(均P>0.0167)。术后3mo UDVA达到0.20(LogMAR)者46眼(100%),UNVA达到0.20(LogMAR)者40眼(87%)。散光矢量分析显示,术前角膜散光均值为1.88±0.70D,质心值为0.61D@177°±1.93D,术后3mo残余散光均值为0.33±0.30D,质心值为0.03D@ 34°±0.45D。术后3mo IOL轴位旋转度为3°(0°,5°)。只有5例(11%)患者要求对近距离或中距离进行一定程度的屈光矫正。83%(38例)对手术结果感到满意或非常满意。

结论：白内障术中植入双焦点Toric IOL能有效矫正术眼的角膜规则散光,提高裸眼远近视力,患者满意度高。     

Astigmatic correction with implantation of a light adjustable vs monofocal lens: a single site analysis of a randomized controlled trial

AIM: To evaluate the light adjustable lens (LAL) vs a standard monofocal lens in achieving target astigmatic refraction and improving postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA). METHODS: This randomized controlled clinical trial included 40 patients with pre-existing astigmatism and visually significant cataract. Twenty-eight patients received the LAL and 12 control patients received a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) after cataract extraction at a single institution. The patients with the LAL underwent adjustment by ultraviolet (UV) light postoperatively plus subsequent lock-in procedures and all patients returned to clinic for follow up of study parameters at 6, 9, and 12mo. Manifest refraction, distance visual acuity, and adverse events were recorded at each visit. RESULTS: The mean cylinder before adjustment in eyes with the LAL was -0.89±0.58 D (-2.00 to 0.00 D) and -0.34±0.34 D (-1.25 to 0.00 D) after lock-in (P=1.68x10-8). The mean cylinder in patients with the monofocal lens was -1.00±0.32 D (-1.50 to -0.50 D) at 17-21d postoperatively, which was statistically different from the LAL cylinder post lock-in (P=1.43x10-6). UDVA in the LAL group was 20/20 or better in 79% of patients post lock-in with good stability over 12mo compared with 33% of the control patients with UDVA of 20/20 or better. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the LAL is more effective in achieving target refractions and improving postoperative UDVA in patients with pre-existing corneal astigmatism than a standard monofocal lens.     

角膜缘松解切开术治疗白内障患者术后角膜散光

目的　研究角膜缘松解切开术治疗白内障患者术后角膜散光的临床疗效。方法　前瞻性队列研究。纳入2018年1月至2020年11月期间，既往行6.0 mm切口白内障手术3个月以上且术后伴有明显角膜散光拟行视力增效手术者61例（71眼）进行研究，按患眼角膜散光大小分为A组（≤1.50 D）和B组（＞1.50 D），所有患眼数据在经角膜缘松解切开术在线计算网站计算后，手工完成角膜缘松解切开术。比较两组患眼术前与术后3个月的视力及角膜散光改变，用Alpins散光矢量分析法对手术前后散光改变进行分析，同时于术后3个月对患者行主观满意度问卷调查。结果　共49眼完成超过3个月的有效随访，其中A组20眼，B组29眼。两组患眼术前角膜散光度、散光陡峭轴曲率相比差异均具有统计学意义（均为P<0.01）。术后3个月，两组患眼裸眼远视力均较术前明显改善，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.01）；B组患眼矫正远视力较术前明显改善，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），而A组患眼矫正远视力与术前相比差异无统计学意义（P=0.50）。角膜散光矢量分析结果显示,两组患眼间目标诱导散光向量和手术诱导散光向量差异均具有统计学意义（均为P<0.05），余散光矢量分析结果差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05），49眼的目标诱导散光向量为0.9～2.5（1.61±0.37）D，手术诱导散光向量为0.5～3.0（1.46±0.55）D, 差异向量为(-0.15±0.45)D，矫正指数为0.91±0.29，错位角α为3.57°±12.46°，变平指数为 0.89±0.29，成功指数为0.28±0.09，成功率约为72%。术后3个月与术后6个月患眼角膜散光度相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。所有患眼随访期内均未出现严重的手术并发症。 术后3个月主观问卷调查显示满意者20眼（40.82%),尚可者19眼（38.77%）。结论　角膜缘松解切开术能安全有效地降低白内障患者术后的角膜散光。     

Long-term outcomes of wedge resection at the limbus for high irregular corneal astigmatism after repaired corneal laceration

AIM: To evaluate the clinical value of wedge resection at corneal limbus in patients with traumatic corneal scarring and high irregular astigmatism. METHODS: Patients with traumatic corneal astigmatism received wedge resection at least 6mo after suture removal from corneal wound. The uncorrected distance visual acuities (UCVA) and best corrected distance visual acuities (BCVA), pre- and post-operation astigmatism, spherical equivalent (SE), safety and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: Ten eyes (10 patients) were enrolled in this study. Mean follow-up time after wedge resection was 37.8±15.4mo (range, 20-61mo). The mean UCVA improved from +1.07±0.55 logMAR to +0.43±0.22 logMAR (P=0.000) and the mean BCVA from +0.50±0.30 logMAR to +0.15±0.17 logMAR (P=0.000). The mean astigmatism power measured by retinoscopy was -2.03±2.27 D postoperatively and -2.83±4.52 D preoperatively (P=0.310). The mean SE was -0.74±1.61 D postoperatively and -0.64±1.89 D preoperatively (P=0.601). Two cases developed mild pannus near the sutures. No corneal perforation, infectious keratitis or wound gape occurred. CONCLUSION: Corneal-scleral limbal wedge resection with compression suture is a safe, effective treatment for poor patients with high irregular corneal astigmatism after corneal-scleral penetrating injury. Retinoscopy can prove particularly useful for high irregular corneal astigmatism when other measurements are not amenable.