UHPLC-MS/MS同时测定人血浆中辛伐他汀及其代谢产物

目的采用UHPLC-MS/MS同时测定人血浆中辛伐他汀及其代谢产物辛伐他汀酸,并研究辛伐他汀、辛伐他汀酸在人体内的药动学特征。方法血浆样品以乙醚萃取,采用UHPLC-MS/MS进行分析。色谱柱:Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(100mm×2.1mm,3.5μm);乙腈-1mmol·L-1醋酸铵(甲酸调pH 4.5)为流动相梯度洗脱,流速:0.2 m L·min-1。采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),以多反应监测方式(MRM)进行定量分析。辛伐他汀和内标洛伐他汀在正离子模式下定量分析,离子对分别为m/z 419.4→199.3和m/z 405.3→199.3;辛伐他汀酸和内标洛伐他汀酸在负离子模式下定量分析,离子对分别为m/z435.5→115.2和m/z 421.4→101.2。结果辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸的线性范围均为0.2~50 ng·m L-1(r>0.99),最低定量限均为0.2 ng·m L-1,日内和日间精密度(RSD)均≤11.10%,提取回收率均≥63.71%。结论该方法专属性强、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于辛伐他汀的药动学研究。     

高效液相-质谱串联法测定大鼠血浆中辛伐他汀及辛伐他汀酸的浓度

目的:建立HPLC-MS法测定大鼠血浆中辛伐他汀及其代谢物辛伐他汀酸的浓度。方法:血浆样本加入适量内标和醋酸铵缓冲液,以甲基叔丁基醚萃取后采用LC-MS进行分析。色谱柱采用Inertsil ODS-3柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,5.0μm);流动相由乙腈-2.5 mmol.L-1醋酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)(75∶25)组成,柱温35°C;流速0.3 mL.min-1;采用电喷雾离子源(ESI),以多反应监测方式(MRM)进行定量分析。辛伐他汀和内标洛伐他汀在正离子模式下定量分析离子对分别为m/z 419.2→m/z199.2和m/z 405.2→m/z 199.2;辛伐他汀酸和内标洛伐他汀酸在负离子模式下定量分析离子对分别为m/z 435.2→m/z319.2和m/z 421.4→m/z 319.2。结果:辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸在5.0～6 400 ng.mL-1内线性关系良好(r>0.999),最低定量限为0.1 ng.mL-1,提取回收率为87.91%～99.77%,日内、日间精密度均不高于8.95%。结论:该方法分析速度快、灵敏、准确,为临床进一步研究辛伐他汀提供了基础。     

LC-MS/MS测定人血浆中辛伐他汀及其活性代谢物的含量

目的:建立人血浆中辛伐他汀及其活性代谢物辛伐他汀酸的LC-MS/MS测定方法。方法:血浆样本在酸性条件下经甲基叔丁基醚液液萃取后,以2.5 mmol.L-1醋酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)-乙腈(25∶75)为流动相,采用Inertsil ODS-3(2.1 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离。使用电喷雾离子源以多反应监测(MRM)方式分别进行正负离子监测。辛伐他汀选用洛伐他汀作为内标,在正离子模式下检测;代谢物辛伐他汀酸选用洛伐他汀酸作为内标,在负离子模式下监测。结果:测定血浆中辛伐他汀及其代谢物辛伐他汀酸的线性范围均为0.1～20.0μg.L-1;方法回收率分别为86.1%～100.5%,91.5%～104.4%;日内精密度分别为3.2%～4.7%和4.5%～6.9%,日间精密度分别为3.6%～9.8%和2.3%～10.5%。结论:该方法简便快速、灵敏度高、重复性好,可准确的定量人血浆辛伐他汀及代谢物辛伐他汀酸的浓度,适用于辛伐他汀药代动力学研究。     

LC-MS/MS法同时测定人血浆中的辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸

目的 采用LC-MS/MS法同时测定人血浆中的辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸.方法 采用BEH C18色谱柱(50 mm ×2.1mm,1.7 μm),流动相为乙腈-0.01 mol·L-1醋酸铵(72∶28),流速0.15 mL·min-1,柱温40℃,进样量8μL.辛伐他汀、辛伐他汀酸及内标洛伐他汀的检测离子对分别为:m/z 419.43→199.12、437.38→303.26、405.45→199.14.结果 辛伐他汀、辛伐他汀酸的线性范围分别为0.241 ～61.76 ng·mL-1(r =0.999)、0.344 ～ 88.16 ng·mL-1(r =0.997).在人血浆基质中,高、中、低浓度(0.482、3.86、30.88 ng· mL-1)的日内、日间RSD均小于15％,方法回收率分别为95％～104％、97％ ～108％.样品预处理方法对血浆中的辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸测定无干扰.结论 所用方法处理简单、灵敏、特异性高,定量准确,可为辛伐他汀制剂的药动学研究提供方法.     

LC-MS/MS测定人血浆中的辛伐他汀

目的建立测定人血浆中辛伐他汀的方法。方法采用LC-MS/MS法,血浆样品中加入内标洛伐他汀,经乙腈沉淀蛋白后,以正离子多反应监测(MRM)方式测试,用于定量的离子为m/z441.2→325.2(辛伐他汀)和m/z427.2→325.2(洛伐他汀)。色谱柱为Restek Allure C18(50 mm×2.1 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.5%甲酸水溶液(70:30)。结果血浆中辛伐他汀的线性范围为0.1-50.0 ng.ml-1,定量限为0.1 ng.ml-1,方法回收率为98%~102%,日内RSD<3.6%,日间RSD<5.6%。结论所建方法专属性好、灵敏度高,符合血浆样品测定的要求,适用于辛伐他汀的临床药物动力学研究。     

UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定人血浆中辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀羟基酸的浓度

目的:建立UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定人血浆中辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀羟基酸的浓度。方法:血浆样品用甲基叔丁基醚提取,离心后取上清液氮气吹干,流动相复溶后进行UPLC-MS/MS测定。色谱柱:BEH C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm);流动相:乙腈-0.01 mol.L-1醋酸铵(72∶28);流速:0.15 mL.min-1;柱温:40℃,进样量:8μL。电喷雾离子化(ESI),正离子模式多重反应选择离子检测(MRM),辛伐他汀、辛伐他汀羟基酸及内标洛伐他汀的检测离子对分别为:m/z 419→199,437→303,405→199。结果:血浆样品中辛伐他汀、辛伐他汀羟基酸线性范围分别为0.241～61.76 ng.mL-1(r=0.999,n=5)和0.344～88.16 ng.mL-1(r=0.997,n=5),日内、日间精密度(RSD)均小于15%,方法的平均回收率分别为100.6%和106.0%,血浆基质对血浆中的辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀羟基酸测定无干扰。结论:建立的UPLC-MS/MS法处理简单、灵敏、特异性高,定量准确,为辛伐他汀制剂的临床药代动力学研究提供了简便、准确的分析测定方法。     

Beagle犬血浆中辛伐他汀的LC-MS测定

建立了LC-MS法测定Beagle犬血浆中的辛伐他汀。采用C_(18)柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液(60:40),以洛伐他汀为内标,采用电喷雾离子化法(ESI)采集正离子,单离子方式检测m/z 419(辛伐他汀)和m/z 405(洛伐他汀)。辛伐他汀在0.5～160ng/ml浓度范围内线性良好,检测限为0.25ng/ml。血浆样品的日内、日间RSD均小于7.7%,方法回收率为92.2%～99.2%,提取回收率为92.8%～100.9%。     

液相色谱-大气压化学电离-串联质谱法同时测定人血浆中氯苯那敏和咖啡因的含量

目的建立同时测定人血浆中氯苯那敏和咖啡因含量的液相色谱-大气压化学电离-串联质谱(LC-APCI-MS-MS)法。方法血浆样品经乙酸乙酯提取后,采用Diamonsil C18柱分离,流动相为甲醇-水-甲酸(体积比80∶20∶0.5),采用大气压化学电离(APCI)源,以选择反应监测(SRM)方式进行检测,用于定量分析的离子反应分别为m/z275→m/z230(氯苯那敏)、m/z195→m/z138(咖啡因)、m/z256→m/z167(内标,苯海拉明)。结果血浆中氯苯那敏和咖啡因的线性范围分别为0.2~40.0μg.L-1和20.0~4 000μg.L-1;日内和日间精密度均小于13.4%,相对误差在±8.2%以内。结论该法适用于人血浆中氯苯那敏和咖啡因的同时测定。     

正负离子切换液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定人血浆中头孢他啶和他唑巴坦

目的:建立灵敏、专属的液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定人血浆中头孢他啶和他唑巴坦,并用于临床药代动力学研究。方法:血浆样品经乙腈沉淀蛋白后,以乙腈-5 mmol.L-1醋酸铵-甲酸(20∶80∶0.16,v/v/v)为流动相,使用VenusilASB-C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离。采用电喷雾电离源,多反应监测模式(MRM),以正负离子切换同时测定头孢他啶和他唑巴坦,切换时间在进样后3.8 min。头孢他啶采用正离子检测,用于定量的离子反应分别为m/z 547→468(头孢他啶),m/z 364→208(内标头孢羟氨苄),头孢他啶和内标头孢羟氨苄的保留时间分别为3.0 min和2.8 min;他唑巴坦采用负离子检测,用于定量的离子反应分别为m/z 299→138(他唑巴坦),m/z 232→140(内标舒巴坦),他唑巴坦和内标舒巴坦的保留时间分别为4.4 min和4.9 min。结果:头孢他啶和他唑巴坦的线性范围分别为0.250～250μg.mL-1和0.0250～25.0μg.mL-1,日内、日间精密度(RSD)均小于10.8%,准确度(RE)在-7.6%～2.1%之间。本法被成功应用于健康受试者静脉滴注不同剂量头孢他啶/他唑巴坦钠(6∶1)注射液(头孢他啶/他唑巴坦含量分别为1 g/0.167 g,2 g/0.333 g,4 g/0.667 g)的药动学研究。结论:该方法专属性强,灵敏度高,操作简便,适用于注射用头孢他啶/他唑巴坦临床药代动力学研究。     

辛伐他汀片及其活性代谢产物在中国健康人体的药动学和生物等效性评价

目的:研究辛伐他汀片及其活性代谢物辛伐他汀酸在健康人体内的药动学特征和生物等效性评价。方法:24名健康受试者随机交叉、单剂量口服40 mg参比和试验辛伐他汀片后;采用LC-MS/MS测定血浆中辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸的浓度;应用DAS2.1.1软件计算药动学参数,并进行生物等效性评价。结果:参比和试验制剂辛伐他汀的主要药动学参数如下:Cmax分别为(6.8±4.0)μg·L-1和(6.9±4.5)μg·L-1;tmax分别为(2.4±1.9)h和(2.2±1.5)h;t1/2分别为(5.0±2.6)h和(6.3±6.7)h;AUC0-24分别为(38.1±27.0)μg·h·L-1和(36.5±24.2)μg·h·L-1;AUC0-∞分别为(40.7±29.3)μg·h·L-1和(41.8±28.7)μg·h·L-1。参比和试验制剂辛伐他汀酸的主要药动学参数如下:Cmax分别为(3.8±1.7)μg·L-1和(3.8±1.6)μg·L-1;tmax分别为(4.3±1.6)h和(4.2±1.0)h;t1/2分别为(5.8±3.2)h和(7.3±6.9)h;AUC0-24分别为(30.1±11.1)μg·h·L-1和(30.0±10.5)μg·h·L-1;AUC0-∞分别为(34.0±14.4)μg·h·L-1和(35.6±17.4)μg·h·L-1。以AUC0-24计算辛伐他汀和辛伐他汀酸的相对生物利用度分别为(105.7±55.6)%和(106.5±42.8)%。结论:经方差分析及双单侧t检验结果显示,辛伐他汀与辛伐他汀酸的试验制剂和参比制剂在人体内生物等效。     

HPLC法测定辛伐他汀片的含量

目的建立一种辛伐他汀片中辛伐他汀含量的HPLC的测定方法。方法选用Techsphere ODS色谱柱(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm),乙腈-0.025%mol.L-1磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH=4.5)(65:35)为流动相,洗脱流速为1.0 ml·min-1,检测波长为238 nm。结果辛伐他汀在42.4~424.0 mg·L-1浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 6);平均回收率为99.6%,RSD=1.24%(n=6)。结论该方法简便,灵敏,易行,准确,适用于辛伐他汀的测定。     

Carbamazepine markedly reduces serum concentrations of simvastatin and simvastatin acid

Objective The aim of this study was to examine the effect of carbamazepine on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered simvastatin in healthy volunteers.Methods In a randomised, two-phase crossover study and a wash out of 2 weeks, 12 healthy volunteers took carbamazepine for 14 days (600 mg daily except 200 mg daily for the first 2 days) or no drug. On day 15, each subject ingested 80 mg simvastatin. Serum concentrations of simvastatin and its active metabolite simvastatin acid were measured up to 24 h.Results Carbamazepine decreased the mean total area under the serum concentration–time curve of simvastatin and simvastatin acid by 75% (P<0.001) and 82% (P<0.001), respectively. The mean peak concentrations of both simvastatin and simvastatin acid were reduced by 68% (P<0.01), and half-life of simvastatin acid was shortened from 5.9±0.3 h to 3.7±0.5 h (P<0.01) by carbamazepine.Conclusion Carbamazepine greatly reduces the serum concentrations of simvastatin and simvastatin acid, probably by inducing their metabolism. Concomitant administration of carbamazepine and simvastatin should be avoided or the dose of simvastatin should be considerably increased.     

Ezetimibe/simvastatin

Background: Treatments with ezetimibe/simvastatin (combined or alone) have been indicated as very promising approaches to strongly reduce cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic patients. Objective: We will discuss the efficacy and safety of ezetimibe/simvastatin and their potential to reduce atheroprogression. The molecular mechanisms underlying the possible benefits in atherosclerosis and its complications will also be described. Results/conclusions: Combined therapy with ezetimibe/simvastatin has been shown to improve lipid profile inducing a very rapid reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in clinical trials. In the near future, potential clinical benefits could be observed in the IMPROVE-IT or SHARP trials. Although clinical studies are needed to further confirm safety of ezetimibe/simvastatin therapy, the greater efficacy in lipid-lowering was not associated with the increase of adverse events. Also the possible association between ezetimibe and cancer, which was observed in the SEAS trial, was not confirmed by further studies and meta-analyses. At present, ezetimibe should be considered an effective lipid-lowering agent that can be used in conjunction with simvastatin at the beginning of therapy, or included in the treatment of patients who do not achieve their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal with statins alone.     

辛伐他汀的半合成

报道了从洛伐他汀(lovastatin)合成调血脂药辛伐他汀(simvastatin)，用三甲基氯硅烷保护活泼羟基，通过胺解、羟基保护、甲基化、去保护等反应合成了辛伐他汀，通过元素分析，IR，UV，^1H—NMR，^13C—NMR及MS证实其结构。     

高效液相色谱法测定辛伐他汀含量及其有关物质

目的 建立辛伐他汀的含量及其有关物质的高效液相色谱测定方法.方法 色谱柱:Luna C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相:0.025 mol/L 磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH值为4.5):乙腈(35:65);流速:1.0ml/min;检测波长:238 nm;柱温:室温.进样量为20μl.结果 在所选定的液相色谱条件下,有关物质与主药分离良好.回归方程Y=3.256C×103+4.510×102,在2～200 μg/ml 范围内呈现良好的线性(r=0.9996).平均回收率为99.32%,RSD为0.31%(n=9).结论 此方法重现性好,准确度高,专属性强.适用于辛伐他汀的含量测定及相关物质检查.     

辛伐他汀的合成工艺改进

目的：合成降脂药辛伐他汀。方法：以洛伐他汀为原料，通过酰化、甲基化、水解、环合等反应合成了辛伐他汀。结果：目标化合物辛伐他汀经核磁共振氢谱和核磁共振碳谱确证，总收率为76％。结论：本方法优化了反应条件和投料比，缩短了反应时间，简化了操作步骤，适合工业化生产。     

HPLC法测定比格犬血浆中的辛伐他汀及辛伐他汀羟基酸

目的:建立血浆中辛伐他汀及其主要代谢活性成分辛伐他汀羟基酸的含量测定方法。方法:以洛伐他汀为内标物质,流动相采用甲醇-水-冰醋酸(74:26:0.5),检测波长为238nm,流速为1.0mL·min~(-1)。血浆样品采用乙腈沉淀蛋白处理。并测定了10只比格犬单剂量口服辛伐他汀自乳化胶囊和市售片后的血药浓度。结果:血浆中内源性物质对辛伐他汀及辛伐他汀羟基酸的测定无干扰;最低检出限辛伐他汀为0.5ng·mL~(-1),辛伐他汀羟基酸为0.75ng·mL~(-1);辛伐他汀羟基酸在2～100ng·mL~(-1)浓度范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9989,辛伐他汀在1～50ng·mL~(-1)浓度范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9993;绝对回收率为79.68%～95.3%,方法回收率为89.1%～95.3%;日内精密度 RSD≤2.9%、日间精密度 RSD≤4.6%。结论:本方法处理简单,无干扰,灵敏度高,适合测定生物样本中的辛伐他汀及辛伐他汀羟基酸。     

Niacin extended-release/simvastatin

Niacin extended-release (ER)/simvastatin is a once-daily, fixed-dose combination of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor simvastatin and an ER formulation of niacin (a B-complex vitamin). In healthy volunteers who were given niacin ER/simvastatin 2000 mg/40 mg, niacin exposure was similar to that with niacin ER 2000 mg, while simvastatin exposure was increased compared to that with simvastatin 40 mg. In patients with elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) but with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at or below the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) goal after a > or = 2-week simvastatin 20 mg/day run-in period (SEACOAST I), 24 weeks of niacin ER/simvastatin 1000 mg/20 mg or 2000 mg/20 mg per day reduced median plasma non-HDL-C levels to a significantly greater extent than simvastatin 20 mg/day. In patients with elevated non-HDL-C and LDL-C at any level after a > or = 2-week simvastatin 40 mg/day run-in period (SEACOAST II), 24 weeks of niacin ER/simvastatin 1000 mg/40 mg or 2000 mg/40 mg per day was noninferior to simvastatin 80 mg/day in reducing median plasma non-HDL-C levels. Compared with simvastatin monotherapy, there was no significant difference in reduction in plasma LDL-C levels with niacin ER/simvastatin in SEACOAST I, and the noninferiority criterion for LDL-C was not met in SEACOAST II. However, plasma HDL-C levels increased more and triglyceride levels were lowered more than with simvastatin monotherapy (SEACOAST I and II). Niacin ER/simvastatin was generally well tolerated, with flushing being the most common adverse reaction.     

高效液相色谱法测定辛伐他汀分散片的含量及其有关物质

目的：采用高效液相色谱法测定辛伐他汀分散片中辛伐他汀及其有关物质的含量。方法：色谱柱ODS-C18柱（250mm×4．6mm，5μm）；以乙腈-0．025mol·L^-1磷酸二氢钠溶液（pH4．5）（65：35）为流动相；检测波长为238nm。结果：回归方程A=48504．5C-31．57，线性范围为1．108×10^-3～1．772×10^-1g·L^-1（r=0．9996），含量测定的平均回收率为99．14％，RSD为0．37％（n=9）。结论：方法重现性好，准确度高，适于辛伐他汀片剂的质量控制。